{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:27:46Z","timestamp":1790116066728,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T21:38:15Z","timestamp":1610141895000},"page":"101-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Predictive formulae of ideal lumbar lordosis determined by individual pelvic incidence and thoracic kyphosis in asymptomatic adults"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Changyu","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingang","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.D.02043","article-title":"Radiographic analysis of the sagittal alignment and balance of the spine in asymptomatic subjects","volume":"87","author":"Vialle","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E803","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318292b7b9","article-title":"Radiographical spinopelvic parameters and disability in the setting of adult spinal deformity: a prospective multicenter analysis","volume":"38","author":"Schwab","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-06083-1","article-title":"Sagittal balance of the spine","volume":"28","author":"Le Huec","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000152379.54463.65","article-title":"Classification of the normal variation in the sagittal alignment of the human lumbar spine and pelvis in the standing position","volume":"30","author":"Roussouly","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5111-x","article-title":"Classification of normal sagittal spine alignment: refounding the Roussouly classification","volume":"27","author":"Laouissat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"904","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-06253-1","article-title":"Mechanical complications in adult spinal deformity and the effect of restoring the spinal shapes according to the Roussouly classification: a multicentric study","volume":"29","author":"Sebaaly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5172-x","article-title":"Proximal junctional kyphosis in adult scoliosis: comparison of four radiological predictor models","volume":"27","author":"Sebaaly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-06176-x","article-title":"Restoring the ideal Roussouly sagittal profile in adult scoliosis surgery decreases the risk of mechanical complications","volume":"29","author":"Pizones","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-05955-w","article-title":"Predictive formula of ideal lumbar lordosis and lower lumbar lordosis determined by individual pelvic incidence in asymptomatic elderly population","volume":"28","author":"Hyun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-005-0984-5","article-title":"Sagittal alignment of spine and pelvis regulated by pelvic incidence: standard values and prediction of lordosis","volume":"15","author":"Boulay","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31819d0c86","article-title":"Role of pelvic incidence, thoracic kyphosis, and patient factors on sagittal plane correction following pedicle subtraction osteotomy","volume":"34","author":"Rose","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.07.016","article-title":"Physiological variations in the sagittal spine alignment in an asymptomatic elderly population","volume":"19","author":"Bassani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06360-4","article-title":"Correlations between the inflection point and spinal sagittal alignment in asymptomatic adults","volume":"29","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-06183-y","article-title":"Correlation between the apex of lumbar lordosis and pelvic incidence in asymptomatic adult","volume":"29","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000153698.94091.f8","article-title":"Is there an optimal patient stance for obtaining a lateral 36\u2033 radiograph? A critical comparison of three techniques","volume":"30","author":"Horton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1928-x","article-title":"Biomechanical analysis of the spino-pelvic organization and adaptation in pathology","volume":"20","author":"Roussouly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-017-5404-0","article-title":"Description of the sagittal alignment of the degenerative human spine","volume":"27","author":"Sebaaly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-007-0033-5","article-title":"Development and evaluation of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis during growth","volume":"1","author":"Giglio","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Orthop"},{"issue":"210","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198609000-00034","article-title":"Sagittal profiles of the spine","author":"Voutsinas","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bsd.0000117542.88865.77","article-title":"Analysis of the sagittal balance of the spine and pelvis using shape and orientation parameters","volume":"18","author":"Berthonnaud","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Spinal Disord Tech"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-06078-y","article-title":"Thoracolumbar junction orientation: its impact on thoracic kyphosis and sagittal alignment in both asymptomatic volunteers and symptomatic patients","volume":"28","author":"Moon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.06.017","article-title":"Comparison of whole body sagittal alignment during directed vs natural, relaxed standing postures in young, healthy adults","volume":"19","author":"Hey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2019.07.005","article-title":"Differences in the geometrical spinal shape in the sagittal plane according to age and magnitude of pelvic incidence in healthy elderly individuals","volume":"25","author":"Yamato","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.07.001","article-title":"The paravertebral muscle and psoas for the maintenance of global spinal alignment in patient with degenerative lumbar scoliosis","volume":"16","author":"Yagi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2990","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5743-5","article-title":"Differences in lumbar and pelvic parameters among African American, Caucasian and Asian populations","volume":"27","author":"Arima","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-019-06245-1","article-title":"Flexibility of thoracic kyphosis affects postoperative sagittal alignment in adult patients with spinal deformity","volume":"29","author":"Decker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0949265820303651?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0949265820303651?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T19:33:27Z","timestamp":1760556807000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0949265820303651"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0949265820303651"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0949-2658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0949-2658","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Predictive formulae of ideal lumbar lordosis determined by individual pelvic incidence and thoracic kyphosis in asymptomatic adults","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Orthopaedic Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jos.2020.11.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Japanese Orthopaedic Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}