{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T04:16:37Z","timestamp":1788668197335,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007112","name":"Universityof CapeTown","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["98788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["98788"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007112","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T19:49:39Z","timestamp":1788551379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Understanding coronoid process morphology and O\u2019Driscoll Type 1 and Type 2 fracture patterns through 3D fracture and heat mapping techniques"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Nicola","family":"Mason","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Roche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1765-7386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chibuike","family":"Mbanefo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sudesh","family":"Sivarasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/00130911-200312000-00008","article-title":"Anatomy and biomechanics of the elbow joint","volume":"7","author":"Fornalski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tech Hand Up Extrem Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325002014010095","article-title":"The anatomy and biomechanics of the elbow","volume":"14","author":"Islam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Orthop J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.52965\/001c.118439","article-title":"Coronoid fractures and complex elbow instability: current concepts","volume":"16","author":"Masouros","year":"2024","journal-title":"Orthop Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999.0000000000000072","article-title":"Classifications in brief: Regan-morrey classification of coronoid fractures","volume":"476","author":"Thayer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2004.06.008","article-title":"Elbow anatomy and structural biomechanics","volume":"23","author":"Alcid","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2006.05.010","article-title":"Anatomy of the coronoid process","volume":"31","author":"Matzon","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2020.07.013","article-title":"Elbow instability","volume":"36","author":"Adams","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.22271\/27078345.2020.v2.i2b.31","article-title":"Elbow dislocation with coronoid and ipsilateral distal radius fracture","volume":"2","author":"Desouza","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Case Reports in Orthopaedics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2008.753","article-title":"Coronoid fractures of the elbow","volume":"6","author":"Wells","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oto.2023.101024","article-title":"Coronoid fractures and Varus posteromedial rotatory instability","volume":"33","author":"Zeltser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Operat Tech Orthop"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2008.01.141","article-title":"Validation of three-dimensional models of in situ scapulae","volume":"17","author":"Bryce","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3518-9","article-title":"Can we treat select terrible triad injuries nonoperatively?","volume":"472","author":"Chan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jseint.2023.03.020","article-title":"Coronoid fractures and traumatic elbow instability","volume":"7","author":"de Klerk","year":"2023","journal-title":"JSES Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2117-4","article-title":"Efficacy of internal fixation with mini plate and internal fixation with hollow screw for Regan-Morrey type II and III ulna coronoid fractures","volume":"19","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Muscoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3053","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060518771263","article-title":"Surgical treatment for terrible triad injury of the elbow with anteromedial coronoid fracture through a combined surgical approach","volume":"46","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1111\/os.14348","article-title":"Surgical treatment of coronoid fracture with elbow Varus posteromedial rotatory instability: an instructional review","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.01.008","article-title":"Fractures of the coronoid: morphology based upon computer tomography scanning","volume":"21","author":"Adams","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.02.025","article-title":"Selected anteromedial coronoid fractures can be treated nonoperatively","volume":"25","author":"Chan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elb Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2005.08.014","article-title":"Coronoid fracture patterns","volume":"31","author":"Doornberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"36","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012041","article-title":"Plate fixation through an anterior approach for coronoid process fractures","volume":"97","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.06.123","article-title":"Distribution of coronoid fracture lines by specific patterns of traumatic elbow instability","volume":"39","author":"Mellema","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2006.08.020","article-title":"Fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna","volume":"31","author":"Ring","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-014-9665-3","article-title":"Quantitative 3-Dimensional CT analyses of fractures of the middle phalanx base","volume":"10","author":"Janssen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012_bib9","series-title":"Mapping of orthopaedic fractures for optimal surgical guidance","first-page":"43","author":"Dey","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0949265826002782?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0949265826002782?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T04:09:20Z","timestamp":1788667760000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0949265826002782"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["S0949265826002782"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0949-2658"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0949-2658","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Understanding coronoid process morphology and O\u2019Driscoll Type 1 and Type 2 fracture patterns through 3D fracture and heat mapping techniques","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Orthopaedic Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jos.2026.08.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Japanese Orthopaedic Association.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}