{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T08:07:54Z","timestamp":1789978074969,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,6]],"date-time":"2015-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Translation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]],"date-time":"2015-08-28T20:56:07Z","timestamp":1440795367000},"page":"28-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Bone morphogenetic protein-7: Review of signalling and efficacy in fracture healing"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Steven","family":"Cecchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon J","family":"Bennet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manit","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3698","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3698.893","article-title":"Bone: formation by autoinduction","volume":"150","author":"Urist","year":"1965","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7599","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.12.7599","article-title":"Dissociative extraction and reconstitution of extracellular matrix components involved in local bone differentiation","volume":"78","author":"Sampath","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9843","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.24.9843","article-title":"Identification of transforming growth factor beta family members present in bone-inductive protein purified from bovine bone","volume":"87","author":"Celeste","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.07.032","article-title":"Biological activity of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP\u2019s)","volume":"36","author":"Matthews","year":"2005","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/term.63","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins in tissue engineering: the road from the laboratory to the clinic, part I (basic concepts)","volume":"2","author":"Bessa","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng Regen Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3109\/08977199209046403","article-title":"Expression and characterization of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in Chinese hamster ovary cells","volume":"7","author":"Israel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Growth Factors Chur Switz"},{"issue":"301","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib7","first-page":"302","article-title":"Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 induces healing in a canine long-bone segmental defect model","author":"Cook","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199406000-00006","article-title":"The effect of recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 on healing of large segmental bone defects","volume":"76","author":"Cook","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20022","article-title":"Recombinant human BMP-7 effectively prevents non-union in both young and old rats","volume":"24","author":"Hak","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Orthop Res Off Publ Orthop Res Soc"},{"issue":"Supplement 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S54","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(09)70013-0","article-title":"Application of bone morphogenetic proteins to femoral non-unions: A 4-year multicentre experience","volume":"40","author":"Kanakaris","year":"2009","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2007.02.012","article-title":"Autologous iliac crest bone graft: should it still be the gold standard for treating nonunions?","volume":"38","author":"Sen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2005.04.001","article-title":"The role of bone morphogenetic proteins in endochondral bone formation","volume":"16","author":"Tsumaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2010.10.003","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins: a critical review","volume":"23","author":"Bragdon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2003.08.011","article-title":"Signal transduction of bone morphogenetic protein receptors","volume":"16","author":"Nohe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22412","article-title":"The role of BMP-7 in chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro","volume":"109","author":"Shen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10315","article-title":"Osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1, BMP-7) induces osteoblastic cell differentiation of the pluripotent mesenchymal cell line C2C12","volume":"87","author":"Yeh","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3109\/08977194.2011.608666","article-title":"Prodomains regulate the synthesis, extracellular localisation and activity of TGF-\u03b2 superfamily ligands","volume":"29","author":"Harrison","year":"2011","journal-title":"Growth Factors Chur Switz"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2014.07.005","article-title":"Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling in development and human diseases","volume":"1","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genes Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2003.10.004","article-title":"The transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of receptors","volume":"15","author":"De Caestecker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvp148","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein receptors and signal transduction","volume":"147","author":"Miyazono","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biochem (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1202604","article-title":"In vivo convergence of BMP and MAPK signaling pathways: impact of differential Smad1 phosphorylation on development and homeostasis","volume":"18","author":"Aubin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.2929","article-title":"TGF-Beta and BMP signaling in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1050-9_5","article-title":"Regulation of osteoblast differentiation by Runx2","volume":"658","author":"Komori","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2014.07.011","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins: structure, biological function and therapeutic applications","volume":"561","author":"Carreira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200601000-00026","article-title":"Delayed unions of the tibia","volume":"88","author":"Phieffer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg"},{"issue":"302","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib26","first-page":"189","article-title":"Delayed unions and nonunions of open tibial fractures. Correlation with arteriography results","author":"Dickson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"Supplement 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(07)80005-2","article-title":"Definition and classification of fracture non-unions","volume":"38","author":"Fr\u00f6lke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(08)70003-2","article-title":"Fracture healing: the diamond concept","volume":"38","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.31085","article-title":"Quantification of various growth factors in different demineralized bone matrix preparations","volume":"81","author":"Wildemann","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res A"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib30","first-page":"490","article-title":"Donor site morbidity following iliac crest bone graft","volume":"57","author":"Palmer","year":"2008","journal-title":"West Indian Med J"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199505000-00012","article-title":"Iliac crest bone graft harvest donor site morbidity. A statistical evaluation","volume":"20","author":"Banwart","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-198909000-00002","article-title":"Morbidity at bone graft donor sites","volume":"3","author":"Younger","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"4, Supplement","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.10.010","article-title":"Application of recombinant BMP-7 on persistent upper and lower limb non-unions","volume":"36","author":"Dimitriou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.08.011","article-title":"Application of rhBMP-7 and platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of long bone non-unions: A prospective randomised clinical study on 120 patients","volume":"39","author":"Calori","year":"2008","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"Suppl 1(Pt 2)","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib35","first-page":"S151","article-title":"Osteogenic protein-1 (bone morphogenetic protein-7) in the treatment of tibial nonunions","volume":"83-A","author":"Friedlaender","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"3, Supplement","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.07.035","article-title":"Clinical applications of BMP-7: The\u00a0UK perspective","volume":"36","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib37","first-page":"534","article-title":"The role of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (Osteogenic Protein-1) in the treatment of tibial fracture non-unions. An overview of the use in Belgium","volume":"74","author":"Desmyter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"issue":"339","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199706000-00011","article-title":"Autogenous iliac crest bone graft. Complications and functional assessment","author":"Goulet","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-014-2534-4","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein and orthopaedic surgery: can we legitimate its off-label use?","volume":"38","author":"Courvoisier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"16 Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200208151-00010","article-title":"Safety profile for the clinical use of bone morphogenetic proteins in the spine","volume":"27","author":"Poynton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000201424.27509.72","article-title":"Adverse effects associated with high-dose recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 use in anterior cervical spine fusion","volume":"31","author":"Shields","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.06.015","article-title":"Oxidized alginate hydrogels for bone morphogenetic protein-2 delivery in long bone defects","volume":"10","author":"Priddy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-008-0709-6","article-title":"A cost analysis of treatment of tibial fracture nonunion by bone grafting or bone morphogenetic protein-7","volume":"33","author":"Dahabreh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib44","first-page":"CD006950","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) for fracture healing in adults","author":"Garrison","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3239","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0846-2","article-title":"The synergistic effect of autograft and BMP-7 in the treatment of atrophic nonunions","volume":"467","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Translation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214031X15000583?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214031X15000583?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T10:38:45Z","timestamp":1761993525000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2214031X15000583"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S2214031X15000583"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-031X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-031X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bone morphogenetic protein-7: Review of signalling and efficacy in fracture healing","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Orthopaedic Translation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jot.2015.08.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}