{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:17:14Z","timestamp":1789143434470,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K09383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K09383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24K15702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24K15702"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Translation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T07:50:13Z","timestamp":1772265013000},"page":"101033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A scaffold-free cartilage construct fabricated using a bio 3D printer accelerates critical-size bone defect regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7933-3744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiromu","family":"Yoshizato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0201-0205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daiki","family":"Murata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shohei","family":"Kashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0261-5959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Nonaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8429-758X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukiko","family":"Nagaishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2757-5029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manabu","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3359-9684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tadatsugu","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7324-8862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koichi","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-017-2063-0","article-title":"Treatment of critical-sized bone defects: clinical and tissue engineering perspectives","volume":"28","author":"Roddy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200908000-00005","article-title":"Osteosarcoma","volume":"17","author":"Messerschmitt","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/20417314211004211","article-title":"Bone defect reconstruction via endochondral ossification: a developmental engineering strategy","volume":"12","author":"Fu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001682","article-title":"Donor site morbidities of iliac crest bone graft in craniofacial surgery: a systematic review","volume":"83","author":"Boehm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.03.027","article-title":"3D-cultured small size adipose-derived stem cell spheroids promote bone regeneration in the critical-sized bone defect rat model","volume":"603","author":"Yamada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14035","article-title":"Preconditioning strategies for improving the survival rate and paracrine ability of mesenchymal stem cells in acute kidney injury","volume":"23","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013784","article-title":"Tailorable hydrogel improves retention and cardioprotection of intramyocardial transplanted mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction in mice","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2015.0457","article-title":"An endochondral ossification-based approach to bone repair: chondrogenically primed mesenchymal stem cell-laden scaffolds support greater repair of critical-sized cranial defects than osteogenically stimulated constructs in vivo","volume":"22","author":"Thompson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a025734","article-title":"Honing cell and tissue culture conditions for bone and cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"7","author":"Lam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib10","first-page":"125","article-title":"In vitro study of primary isolation and culture of adipose-derived stem cells and induction of chondrogenic differentiation","volume":"78","author":"Zedan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Razi Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-016-0445-6","article-title":"Centrifugal gravity-induced BMP4 induces chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells via SOX9 upregulation","volume":"7","author":"Jang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20030484","article-title":"The importance of physioxia in mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis and the mechanisms controlling its response","volume":"20","author":"Pattappa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.617141","article-title":"Design challenges in polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering","volume":"9","author":"Echeverria Molina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201901831","article-title":"Scaffold-free bio-3D printing using spheroids as \u201cbio-inks\u201d for tissue (re-)construction and drug response tests","volume":"9","author":"Murata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Healthcare Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/09636897211021357","article-title":"Long-term outcome of sciatic nerve regeneration using bio3D conduit fabricated from human fibroblasts in a rat sciatic nerve model","volume":"30","author":"Ando","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5090\/ac1c99","article-title":"Bio-3D printing iPSC-derived human chondrocytes for articular cartilage regeneration","volume":"13","author":"Nakamura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biofabrication"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1089\/107632701300062859","article-title":"Multilineage cells from human adipose tissue: implications for cell-based therapies","volume":"7","author":"Zuk","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-025-05604-7","article-title":"Bio-3D printing of scaffold-free ADSC-derived cartilage constructs comparable to natural cartilage in vitro","volume":"20","author":"Nonaka","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14542-2","article-title":"In vivo and ex vivo methods of growing a liver bud through tissue connection","volume":"7","author":"Yanagi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2017.0497","article-title":"Histological scoring method to assess bone healing in critical size bone defect models","volume":"24","author":"Han","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tissue Eng C Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1947603520988770","article-title":"A review of the collagen orientation in the articular cartilage","volume":"13","author":"Bloebaum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cartilage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8010087","article-title":"Fabrication of 3D bioprinted Bi-Phasic scaffold for bone-cartilage interface regeneration","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomimetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.841690","article-title":"Repair of a rat mandibular bone defect by hypertrophic cartilage grafts engineered from human fractionated adipose tissue","volume":"10","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020561","article-title":"The effects of the WNT-signaling modulators BIO and PKF118-310 on the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"19","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevEukaryotGeneExpr.2018023572","article-title":"Bone marrow-and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells: characterization, differentiation, and applications in cartilage tissue engineering","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2174\/1874120701913010041","article-title":"Physiological microenvironmental conditions in different scalable culture systems for pluripotent stem cell expansion and differentiation","volume":"13","author":"Torizal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Biomed Eng J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2020.0346","article-title":"Implantation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cartilage in bone defects of mice","volume":"27","author":"Iimori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.03.019","article-title":"Promotion of bone-tendon healing after ACL reconstruction using scaffold-free constructs comprising ADSCs produced by a bio-3D printer in rabbit models","volume":"52","author":"Higa","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Orthop Translat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.05.052","article-title":"Bone regeneration in a massive rat femur defect through endochondral ossification achieved with chondrogenically differentiated MSCs in a degradable scaffold","volume":"35","author":"Harada","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v027a11","article-title":"Chondrogenically differentiated mesenchymal stromal cell pellets stimulate endochondral bone regeneration in critical-sized bone defects","volume":"27","author":"van der Stok","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Cell Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24170","article-title":"Cellular biology of fracture healing","volume":"37","author":"Bahney","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11020180","article-title":"Bone-regeneration therapy using biodegradable scaffolds: calcium phosphate bioceramics and biodegradable polymers","volume":"11","author":"Aoki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioengineering (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2024.08.002","article-title":"Metabolically activated energetic materials mediate cellular anabolism for bone regeneration","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib34","article-title":"Bioenergetic-active materials enhance tissue regeneration by modulating cellular metabolic state","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib35","article-title":"Metabolite-dependent m6A methylation driven by mechanotransduction-metabolism-epitranscriptomics axis promotes bone development and regeneration","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2021.67.6.33","article-title":"Effect of N-cadherin on chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells through Wnt signaling pathway","volume":"67","author":"Feng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-4153-y","article-title":"Bone morphogenetic proteins in fracture repair","volume":"42","author":"Grgurevic","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2023.0118","article-title":"Scaffold-free bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell sheets enhance bone formation in a weight-bearing rat critical bone defect model","volume":"30","author":"Mito","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tissue Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01576-y","article-title":"Scaffold-free human mesenchymal stem cell construct geometry regulates long bone regeneration","volume":"4","author":"Herberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.197532","article-title":"Management of gustilo anderson III B open tibial fractures by primary fascio-septo-cutaneous local flap and primary fixation: the \u201cfix and shift\u201d technique","volume":"51","author":"Ramasamy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reth.2025.04.018","article-title":"Xenograft of bio-3D printed scaffold-free cartilage constructs derived from human iPSCs to regenerate articular cartilage in immunodeficient pigs","volume":"29","author":"Nonaka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Regen Ther"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Translation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214031X25001895?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214031X25001895?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T15:29:48Z","timestamp":1778858988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2214031X25001895"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S2214031X25001895"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-031X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-031X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A scaffold-free cartilage construct fabricated using a bio 3D printer accelerates critical-size bone defect regeneration","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Orthopaedic Translation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jot.2025.101033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Speaking Orthopaedic Society.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101033"}}