{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:03:33Z","timestamp":1790805813577,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015713","name":"OHEI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpagonline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T15:34:00Z","timestamp":1633361640000},"page":"138-146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Transgender Youths\u2019 Sexual Health and Education: A Qualitative Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Rebecca M.","family":"Warwick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian C.","family":"Araya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Shumer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen M.","family":"Selkie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2013.843148","article-title":"Sexual communication between early adolescents and their dating partners, parents, and best friends","volume":"51","author":"Widman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16040621","article-title":"Development of Contextually-relevant Sexuality Education: Lessons from a Comprehensive Review of Adolescent Sexuality Education Across Cultures","volume":"16","author":"Leung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0008","unstructured":"Guttmacher Institute: Sex and HIV Education. State Laws and Policies. https:\/\/www.guttmacher.org\/state-policy\/explore\/sex-and-hiv-education. Updated 2021 May 1. Accessed 2021 May 10."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-1208.158594","article-title":"Understanding normal development of adolescent sexuality: A bumpy ride","volume":"8","author":"Kar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hum Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1348","article-title":"Sexuality Education for Children and Adolescents","volume":"138","author":"Breuner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1080\/00224490409552235","article-title":"Asexuality: prevalence and associated factors in a national probability sample","volume":"41","author":"Bogaert","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1080\/15299716.2016.1228491","article-title":"Regardless of Their Gender\u201d: Descriptions of Sexual Identity among Bisexual, Pansexual, and Queer Identified Individuals","volume":"17","author":"Galupo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bisexuality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0013","first-page":"181","article-title":"Defining Bisexuality: Young Bisexual and Pansexual People's Voices","volume":"16","author":"Flanders","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bisexuality"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2009.174169","article-title":"A population-based study of sexual orientation identity and gender differences in adult health","volume":"100","author":"Conron","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009573800168","article-title":"Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Health: Findings and Concerns","volume":"4","author":"Dean","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Gay Lesbian Med Assoc"},{"issue":"169","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0016","article-title":"Sexual orientation in the 2013 National Health Interview Survey: A quality assessment","volume":"2","author":"Dahlhamer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0017","series-title":"The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People: Building a Foundation for Better Understanding","first-page":"89","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0018","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data. Available at: www.cdc.gov\/yrbs. Accessed on September 20, 2021."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-0772","article-title":"Psychological and medical care of gender nonconforming youth","volume":"134","author":"Vance","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1093\/hsw\/hlv025","article-title":"Factors Associated with Health Care Discrimination Experiences among a National Sample of Female-to-Male Transgender Individuals","volume":"40","author":"Shires","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Soc Work"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-014-0284-4","article-title":"The relationship between heteronormative beliefs and verbal sexual coercion in college students","volume":"43","author":"Eaton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-008-9425-3","article-title":"Questioning gender and sexual identity: Dynamic links over time","volume":"59","author":"Diamond","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex Roles"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2015.1020750","article-title":"Laboratory-confirmed HIV and sexually transmitted infection seropositivity and risk behavior among sexually active transgender patients at an adolescent and young adult urban community health center","volume":"27","author":"Reisner","year":"2015","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2016.1216345","article-title":"Prevalence of Pregnancy Involvement Among Canadian Transgender Youth and its Relation to Mental Health, Sexual Health, and Gender Identity","volume":"17","author":"Veale","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Transgend"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2018.09.010","article-title":"Reproductive Health Considerations in Sexual and\/or Gender Minority Adolescents","volume":"32","author":"Leonardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2283","article-title":"Sexual and Romantic Experiences of Transgender Youth Before Gender-Affirmative Treatment","volume":"139","author":"Bungener","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.12880","article-title":"Sexual Behaviors, Referral to Sexual Health Services, and Use of Sexual Health Services Among Transgender High School Students","volume":"90","author":"Andrzejewski","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sch Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198111401384","article-title":"Sexual health information seeking online: a mixed-methods study among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender young people","volume":"39","author":"Magee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-018-0326-0","article-title":"\"I Have No Idea What's Going On Out There:\" Parents' Perspectives on Promoting Sexual Health in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Adolescents","volume":"15","author":"Newcomb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex Res Social Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyt116","article-title":"Examining clinicians' experiences providing sexual health services for LGBTQ youth: considering social and structural determinants of health in clinical practice","volume":"29","author":"Knight","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2019.08.009","article-title":"Sex Education for Transgender and Non-Binary Youth: Previous Experiences and Recommended Content","volume":"16","author":"Haley","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-007906","article-title":"Romantic Relationships in Transgender Adolescents: a Qualitative Study","volume":"147","author":"Araya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0033","series-title":"Research Design in Qualitative\/Quantitative\/Mixed Methods. In: The SAGE Handbook for Research in Education: Pursuing Ideas as the Keystone of Exemplary Inquiry","first-page":"1","author":"Conrad","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0034","series-title":"Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study protocol: background, methodology and mandatory items for the 2009\/10 survey","first-page":"125","author":"Currie","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0035","series-title":"Health Behavior in School-Aged Children: a World Health Organization Cross-National Study: Research Protocol for the 2001\/02 Survey","author":"Currie","year":"2001"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2016.02.004","article-title":"Changes in Adolescents' Receipt of Sex Education, 2006-2013","volume":"58","author":"Lindberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15010107","article-title":"Richer AM: Parents' Perspectives on Family Sexuality Communication from Middle School to High School","volume":"15","author":"Grossman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2013.806648","article-title":"Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning youths' perspectives of inclusive school-based sexuality education","volume":"51","author":"Gowen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2017.0011","article-title":"Understanding Online Resource Use by Transgender Youth and Caregivers: A Qualitative Study","volume":"2","author":"Evans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transgender health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.2307\/2991693","article-title":"Teenage partners' communication about sexual risk and condom use: the importance of parent-teenager discussions","volume":"31","author":"Whitaker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fam Plann Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0041","unstructured":"Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS): State Profiles Fiscal Year 2018: Michigan. https:\/\/siecus.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Michigan-FY18-Final.pdf. Updated 2018. Accessed 2021 May 10."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1080\/10474412.2018.1482219","article-title":"Does Sex Education Help Everyone?: Sex Education Exposure and Timing as Predictors of Sexual Health Among Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Young Women","volume":"29","author":"Bodnar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Educ Psychol Consult"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.43.3.6","article-title":"State Policy on School-based Sex Education: A Content Analysis Focused on Sexual Behaviors, Relationships, and Identities","volume":"43","author":"Hall","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Health Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-2204","article-title":"Transgender Youth Experiences and Perspectives Related to HIV Preventive Services","volume":"145","author":"Fontenot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0045","first-page":"310","article-title":"The Role of Adolescent Sex Education in Sexual Satisfaction among LGB+ and Heterosexual Young Adults","volume":"15","author":"Evans","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Sex Educ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839918756888","article-title":"Adapting Evidence-Based Teen Pregnancy Programs to Be LGBT-Inclusive: Lessons Learned","volume":"19","author":"Boyce","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Promot Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2018.0249","article-title":"Situated Vulnerabilities, Sexual Risk, and Sexually Transmitted Infections' Diagnoses in a Sample of Transgender Youth in the United States","volume":"33","author":"Reisner","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2018.0047","article-title":"Variations in Testing for HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections Across Gender Identity Among Transgender Youth","volume":"4","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transgender Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2010.00726.x","article-title":"Normative Sexuality Development in Adolescence: A Decade in Review, 2000\u20132009","volume":"21","author":"Tolman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Res Adolesc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2017.0098","article-title":"Perceived Barriers to HIV Prevention Services for Transgender Youth","volume":"5","author":"Fisher","year":"2018","journal-title":"LGBT Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/cmx112","article-title":"Primary care access and foregone care: a survey of transgender adolescents and young adults","volume":"35","author":"Clark","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fam Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1071\/SH16145","article-title":"Advancing health equity for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people through sexual health education and LGBT-affirming health care environments","volume":"14","author":"Keuroghlian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2018.02.028","article-title":"The inclusion of LGBT+ health issues within undergraduate healthcare education and professional training programmes: A systematic review","volume":"64","author":"McCann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nurse Educ Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2011.700873","article-title":"World Professional Association for Transgender Health: Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender-Conforming People, Version 7","volume":"13","author":"Coleman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Transgender Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2014.1003028","article-title":"Differences in Sexual Orientation Diversity and Sexual Fluidity in Attractions Among Gender Minority Adults in Massachusetts","volume":"53","author":"Katz-Wise","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1080\/15538605.2012.678184","article-title":"Sexual identity development of female-to-male transgender individuals: A grounded theory inquiry","volume":"6","author":"Dickey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-009-9489-3","article-title":"Gay and bisexual identity development among female-to-male transsexuals in North America: emergence of a transgender sexuality","volume":"38","author":"Bockting","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110016","article-title":"Transgender transitioning and change of self-reported sexual orientation","volume":"9","author":"Auer","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1080\/19317611.2013.833152","article-title":"Effects of testosterone treatment and chest reconstruction surgery on mental health and sexuality in female-to-male transgender people","volume":"26","author":"Davis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Sexual Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2011.03.001","article-title":"Sexual differentiation of human behavior: effects of prenatal and pubertal organizational hormones","volume":"32","author":"Berenbaum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-012-0155-1","article-title":"An Argument for Separate Analyses of Attitudes Toward Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual Men, Bisexual Women, MtF and FtM Transgender Individuals","volume":"68","author":"Worthen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sex Roles"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1083318821002990?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1083318821002990?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T13:48:46Z","timestamp":1761054526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1083318821002990"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1083318821002990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-3188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-3188","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Transgender Youths\u2019 Sexual Health and Education: A Qualitative Analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.09.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}