{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:51:41Z","timestamp":1772121101171,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3905,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpain.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,28]],"date-time":"2012-12-28T00:51:37Z","timestamp":1356655897000},"page":"66-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Topical Combinations Aimed at Treating Microvascular Dysfunction Reduce Allodynia in Rat Models of CRPS-I and Neuropathic Pain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"J. Vaigunda","family":"Ragavendran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Laferri\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen Hua","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary J.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satyanarayana S.V.","family":"Padi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terence J.","family":"Coderre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2006.12.003","article-title":"Glyceryl trinitrate spray in the management of painful diabetic neuropathy: A randomized double blind placebo controlled cross-over study","volume":"77","author":"Agrawal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90134-B","article-title":"Skin vascular reactivity to the neuropeptide substance P in rats with peripheral mononeuropathy","volume":"52","author":"Basile","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02252932","article-title":"Effect of chronic sciatic nerve lesion on the neurogenic inflammatory response in intact and acutely injured denervated rat skin","volume":"45","author":"Bassirat","year":"1996","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2005.03.001","article-title":"Use of tadalafil in a patient with a secondary Raynaud's phenomenon not responding to sildenafil","volume":"69","author":"Baumhaekel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microvasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(95)00460-2","article-title":"Secondary Raynaud's phenomenon and other late vascular complications following chemotherapy for testicular cancer","volume":"31A","author":"Berger","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90209-6","article-title":"A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man","volume":"33","author":"Bennett","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5922","article-title":"Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of 8-oxo derivatives of xanthine drugs pentoxifylline and lisofylline","volume":"288","author":"Bhat","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib8","first-page":"180","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in peripheral arterial occlusive disease: From basic research to clinical use","volume":"26","author":"B\u00f6ger","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vasa"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/10717540500455975","article-title":"Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Current and Future Prospects","volume":"13","author":"Brown","year":"2006","journal-title":"Drug Delivery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.04.014","article-title":"Randomized control trial of topical clonidine for treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy","volume":"153","author":"Campbell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(94)90144-9","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of tactile allodynia in the rat paw","volume":"53","author":"Chaplan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.6.8841","article-title":"Lisofylline, a novel antiinflammatory agent, protects pancreatic beta-cells from proinflammatory cytokine damage by promoting mitochondrial metabolism","volume":"143","author":"Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib13","first-page":"221","article-title":"The therapeutic value of clonidine in patients with coronary heart disease","volume":"10","author":"Cocco","year":"1979","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.08.001","article-title":"Chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP): A novel animal model of complex regional pain syndrome-type I (CRPS-I; reflex sympathetic dystrophy) produced by prolonged hind paw ischemia and reperfusion in the rat","volume":"112","author":"Coderre","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6567","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.12.6567","article-title":"Selective pharmacologic inhibition of murine and human IL-12-dependent Th1 differentiation and IL-12 signaling","volume":"163","author":"Coon","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90218-6","article-title":"Study of the sensitivity of the diabetes-induced pain model in rats to a range of analgesics","volume":"57","author":"Courteix","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(88)90261-X","article-title":"New alpha 1-adrenergic receptor antagonists for the treatment of hypertension: Role of vascular alpha receptors in the control of peripheral resistance","volume":"116","author":"Cubeddu","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(91)90221-I","article-title":"Topical application of clonidine relieves hyperalgesia in patients with sympathetically maintained pain","volume":"47","author":"Davis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00569-6","article-title":"A comparison of cilostazol and pentoxifylline for treating intermittent claudication","volume":"109","author":"Dawson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.11.009","article-title":"Oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy: Oxidative stress as pathological mechanism. Protective effect of silibinin","volume":"13","author":"Di Cesare Mannelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2385","article-title":"Microvascular reactivity and inflammatory cytokines in painful and painless peripheral diabetic neuropathy","volume":"94","author":"Doupis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6149","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6343-11.2012","article-title":"Targeting the overproduction of peroxynitrite for the prevention and reversal of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain","volume":"32","author":"Doyle","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(00)00348-9","article-title":"Amelioration of CR-EAE with lisofylline: Effects on mRNA levels of IL-12 and IFN-gamma in the CNS","volume":"110","author":"Du","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8227(90)90055-X","article-title":"Platelet aggregation and disaggregation in the streptozotocin induced diabetic rat: The effect of sympathetic inhibition","volume":"9","author":"Dunbar","year":"1990","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/59.1.61","article-title":"Adverse effects of opioid analgesic drugs","volume":"59","author":"Duthie","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600790605","article-title":"Relationship between contact time of applied dose and percutaneous absorption of minoxidil from a topical solution","volume":"79","author":"Ferry","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-002-0582-6","article-title":"Noradrenaline-induced contraction of human saphenous vein and human internal mammary artery: Involvement of different alpha-adrenoceptor subtypes","volume":"366","author":"Giessler","year":"2002","journal-title":"NS Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib28","series-title":"Tissue Oxygen Utilization","first-page":"350","article-title":"Conditions associated with impaired oxygen extraction","author":"Goris","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s002689900369","article-title":"Reflex sympathetic dystrophy: Model of a severe regional inflammatory response syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Goris","year":"1998","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib30","first-page":"233","article-title":"Microcirculatory changes during the long-term course of deafferentation pain syndrome","volume":"115","author":"Gorizontova","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biull Eksp Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02543431","article-title":"The effect of prophylactic administration of pentoxifylline (trental) on development of a neuropathic pain syndrome and microcirculatory disorders caused by it","volume":"119","author":"Gorizontova","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biull Eksp Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e318156db3b","article-title":"Vasodilative effect of isosorbide dinitrate ointment in complex regional pain syndrome type 1","volume":"24","author":"Groeneweg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib33","first-page":"L957","article-title":"Modulating phosphatidic acid metabolism decreases oxidative injury in rat lungs","volume":"273","author":"Guidot","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.3.9117028","article-title":"The effects of post-treatment with lisofylline, a phosphatidic acid generation inhibitor, on sepsis-induced acute lung injury in pigs","volume":"155","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880160405","article-title":"Metabolic changes in reflex sympathetic dystrophy: A 31P NMR spectroscopy study","volume":"16","author":"Heerschap","year":"1993","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200060030-00004","article-title":"Oral versus topical NSAIDs in rheumatic diseases: A comparison","volume":"60","author":"Heyneman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2004.01280.x","article-title":"Nitroglycerin spray rapidly improves pain in a patient with chronic painful diabetic neuropathy","volume":"21","author":"Higa","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(70)90262-5","article-title":"Inhibition of 3'5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase by some platelet aggregation inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Horlington","year":"1970","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)34920-1","article-title":"Expression of multiple alpha1-adrenoceptors on vascular smooth muscle: Correlation with the regulation of contraction","volume":"290","author":"Hrometz","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198901000-00051","article-title":"Treating reflex sympathetic dystrophy with transdermal nitroglycerin","volume":"83","author":"Hyland","year":"1989","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1161\/hh0102.102330","article-title":"Nitric oxide donors and cardiovascular agents modulating the bioactivity of nitric oxide: An overview","volume":"90","author":"Ignarro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.12.029","article-title":"Treatment with the xanthine oxidase inhibitor, allopurinol, improves nerve and vascular function in diabetic rats","volume":"561","author":"Inkster","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1177\/000331978803900604","article-title":"Efficacy of pentoxifylline in patients with stable angina pectoris","volume":"39","author":"Insel","year":"1988","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464150-00004","article-title":"Drug treatment of intermittent claudication","volume":"64","author":"Jacoby","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2011.05.059","article-title":"Sulodexide prevents peripheral nerve damage in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats","volume":"674","author":"Jin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2008.23.1.77","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction and microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"23","author":"Jin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00143-2","article-title":"Free radicals contribute to the reduction in peripheral vascular responses and the maintenance of thermal hyperalgesia in rats with chronic constriction injury","volume":"79","author":"Khalil","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00400579","article-title":"Effect of cilostazol on experimental diabetic neuropathy in the rat","volume":"38","author":"Kihara","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2662","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.470849","article-title":"Antiangiogenesis mediates cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy: Attenuation or reversal by local vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy without augmenting tumor growth","volume":"111","author":"Kirchmair","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mt.6300019","article-title":"Therapeutic angiogenesis inhibits or rescues chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: Taxol- and thalidomide-induced injury of vasa nervorum is ameliorated by VEGF","volume":"15","author":"Kirchmair","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00484-0","article-title":"Tissue hypoxia in complex regional pain syndrome","volume":"104","author":"Koban","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02021781","article-title":"Pentoxifylline in the nonoperative management of intermittent claudication","volume":"5","author":"Kokesh","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib53","first-page":"16","article-title":"Effect of clofelin and propranolol on the development of neurogenic pain syndrome in rats","volume":"4","author":"Kukushkin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2010.06625.x","article-title":"Evidence that pregabalin reduces neuropathic pain by inhibiting the spinal release of glutamate","volume":"113","author":"Kumar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2003000300017","article-title":"Compliance with chronic pain treatment: Study of demographic, therapeutic and psychosocial variables","volume":"61","author":"Kurita","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-4-49","article-title":"Cutaneous tactile allodynia associated with microvascular dysfunction in muscle","volume":"4","author":"Laferri\u00e8re","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00542-1","article-title":"Peripheral vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with angina pectoris and normal coronary arteriograms","volume":"31","author":"Lekakis","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000278874.78715.1d","article-title":"Effects of topical application of clonidine cream on pain behaviors and spinal Fos protein expression in rat models of neuropathic pain, postoperative pain, and inflammatory pain","volume":"107","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(89)90127-7","article-title":"Cyclic GMP and mechanisms of vasodilation","volume":"41","author":"Lincoln","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.11.022","article-title":"Pentoxifylline attenuates the development of hyperalgesia in a rat model of neuropathic pain","volume":"412","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2005.02549.x","article-title":"A placebo-controlled study of retinal blood flow changes by pentoxifylline and metabolites in humans","volume":"61","author":"Magnusson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.11.054","article-title":"Effects of pentoxifylline and its metabolites on platelet aggregation in whole blood from healthy humans","volume":"581","author":"Magnusson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib63","first-page":"87","article-title":"Clinical observation on the use of topical nitroglycerin in the management of severe shoulder-hand syndrome","volume":"78","author":"Manahan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nebr Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3109\/02844319609056395","article-title":"Haemodynamic changes in early phase reflex sympathetic dystrophy","volume":"30","author":"Matsumura","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scandinavian J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/S0750-7658(98)80041-5","article-title":"Conventional techniques for analgesia: Opioids and non-opioids. Indications, adverse effects and monitoring","volume":"17","author":"Mazoit","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Fr Anesth Reanim"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-003-0597-z","article-title":"A pilot double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study of molsidomine 16 mg once-a-day in patients suffering from stable angina pectoris: Correlation between efficacy and over time plasma concentrations","volume":"59","author":"Messin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2008.01.006","article-title":"Rats with chronic post-ischemia pain (CPIP) exhibit an analgesic sensitivity profile similar to human patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS-I)","volume":"583","author":"Millecamps","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib68","first-page":"270","article-title":"A novel xanthine derivative counteracting in\u00a0vivo tumor necrosis factor alpha toxicity in mice","volume":"37","author":"Nieh\u00f6rster","year":"1992","journal-title":"Circ Shock"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib69","first-page":"66S","article-title":"The physiopathology of critical ischemia of the lower limbs","volume":"8","author":"Novo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Ital Med Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1006\/jsre.1998.5453","article-title":"Selective downregulation of neutrophils by a phosphatidic acid generation inhibitor in a porcine sepsis model","volume":"81","author":"Oka","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2004.02.016","article-title":"Perceptions of analgesic use and side effects: What the public values in pain management","volume":"28","author":"Palos","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/327524a0","article-title":"Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor","volume":"327","author":"Palmer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00363-3","article-title":"A painful peripheral neuropathy in the rat produced by the chemotherapeutic drug, paclitaxel","volume":"94","author":"Polomano","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2154","article-title":"Impaired skin microvascular reactivity in painful diabetic neuropathy","volume":"30","author":"Quattrini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib75","unstructured":"Ragavendran JV, Laferriere A, Khorashadi M, Coderre TJ: The early anti-allodynic effect of pentoxifylline on chronic post-ischemia pain depends on modulation of plantar blood flow. Abstracts of the XIII World Congress on Pain, IASP Press, PT 186, 2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3857","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.9.3857","article-title":"Protection from endotoxic shock in mice by pharmacologic inhibition of phosphatidic acid","volume":"91","author":"Rice","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib77","first-page":"CD003748","article-title":"Cilostazol for peripheral arterial disease","author":"Robless","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0241005","article-title":"Multiplicity within cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases","volume":"24","author":"Rybalkin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1159\/000051078","article-title":"Assessment of the peripheral microcirculation using computer-assisted venous congestion plethysmography in post-traumatic complex regional pain syndrome type I","volume":"38","author":"Schurmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Vasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600750111","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of orally administered pentoxifylline in humans","volume":"75","author":"Smith","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1991.tb03919.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of molsidomine and its active metabolite, linsidomine, in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"32","author":"Spreux-Varoquaux","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1185\/03007998509109641","article-title":"Clinical investigation of the effects of pentoxifylline in patients with severe peripheral occlusive vascular disease","volume":"9","author":"Sternitzky","year":"1985","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib83","first-page":"A7","article-title":"Effect and side effects of apraclonidine","volume":"209","author":"Stewart","year":"1996","journal-title":"Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.1999.14.2.34","article-title":"Effect of cilostazol on the neuropathies of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"14","author":"Suh","year":"1999","journal-title":"Korean J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.76.891.16","article-title":"Role of the vascular endothelium in patients with angina pectoris or acute myocardial infarction with normal coronary arteries","volume":"76","author":"Sztajzel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2007.00122.x","article-title":"Treatment of refractory ischemic pain from chemotherapy-induced Raynaud's syndrome with spinal cord stimulation","volume":"7","author":"Ting","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.1.20","article-title":"Complex regional pain syndrome type I (RSD): Pathology of skeletal muscle and peripheral nerve","volume":"51","author":"van der Laan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib88","first-page":"455S","article-title":"The pharmacology of centrally acting antihypertensive drugs","volume":"15","author":"Van Zwieten","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06656-6","article-title":"Cyclic GMP synthesis and function","volume":"39","author":"Waldman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-199904000-00008","article-title":"Lisofylline ameliorates intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction caused by ischemia and ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"11","author":"Wattanasirichaigoon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199610000-00021","article-title":"Lisofylline decreases white cell adhesiveness and improves survival after experimental hemorrhagic shock","volume":"24","author":"Waxman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.17.040177.002301","article-title":"Selective cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents","volume":"17","author":"Weiss","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.10.031","article-title":"Norepinephrine-induced nociception and vasoconstrictor hypersensitivity in rats with chronic post-ischemia pain","volume":"137","author":"Xanthos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1526590012008541?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1526590012008541?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T19:53:58Z","timestamp":1761508438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1526590012008541"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"references-count":93,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1526590012008541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.717980373.793471604","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1526-5900"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-5900","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Topical Combinations Aimed at Treating Microvascular Dysfunction Reduce Allodynia in Rat Models of CRPS-I and Neuropathic Pain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pain","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.10.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 American Pain Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}