{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T10:59:29Z","timestamp":1781780369657,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,1]],"date-time":"2018-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2048,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DA031208"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA031208"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL 1RR024140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL 1RR024140"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","jpain.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]],"date-time":"2017-10-18T19:45:44Z","timestamp":1508355944000},"page":"166-177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Association of Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Use With Opioid Prescribing and Health Outcomes: A Comparison of Program Users and Nonusers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Deyo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara E.","family":"Hallvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christi","family":"Hildebran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Springer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica M.","family":"Irvine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7378-0234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"O'Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Van Otterloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dagan A.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Leichtling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Millet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jody","family":"Carson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne","family":"Wakeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9014-2894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dennis","family":"McCarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2037","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3150","article-title":"A critical appraisal of propensity-score matching in the medical literature between 1996 and 2003","volume":"27","author":"Austin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2015.1673","article-title":"Prescription drug monitoring programs are associated with sustained reductions in opioid prescribing by physicians","volume":"35","author":"Bao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.2012.00343.x","article-title":"Accuracy of record linkage software in merging dental administrative data sets","volume":"73","author":"Beil","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Public Health Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/003335491412900207","article-title":"Prescription drug monitoring and dispensing of prescription opioids","volume":"129","author":"Brady","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458208088855","article-title":"Record linkage software in the public domain: a comparison of Link Plus, The Link King, and a \u2018basic\u2019 deterministic algorithm","volume":"14","author":"Campbell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Informatics J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.033","article-title":"Impact of prescription drug monitoring programs and pill mill laws on high-risk opioid prescribers: A comparative interrupted time series analysis","volume":"165","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-016-3810-3","article-title":"Association between initial opioid prescribing patterns and subsequent long-term use among opioid-na\u00efve patients: A statewide retrospective cohort study","volume":"32","author":"Deyo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000180","article-title":"Leading a horse to water: Facilitating registration and use of a prescription drug monitoring program","volume":"31","author":"Deyo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E852","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.120465","article-title":"Effect of a centralized prescription network on inappropriate prescriptions for opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines","volume":"184","author":"Dormuth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.1464","article-title":"CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain\u2014United States, 2016","volume":"315","author":"Dowell","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.32614\/RJ-2010-008","article-title":"Two-sided exact tests and matching confidence intervals for discrete data","volume":"2","author":"Fay","year":"2010","journal-title":"R Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2354-5","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of prescription drug monitoring program implementation: a scoping review","volume":"17","author":"Finley","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1712","article-title":"Can prescription drug monitoring programs help limit opioid abuse?","volume":"306","author":"Gugelmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.12711","article-title":"High-risk use by patients prescribed opioids for pain and its role in overdose deaths","volume":"174","author":"Gwira Baumblatt","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0080","article-title":"Effect of a high dosage opioid prior authorization policy on prescription opioid use, misuse, and overdose outcomes","author":"Hartung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Subst Abus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12469","article-title":"How clinicians use prescription drug monitoring programs: A qualitative inquiry","volume":"15","author":"Hildebran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnw019","article-title":"Clinical styles and practice policies: Influence on communication with patients regarding worrisome prescription drug monitoring program data","volume":"17","author":"Hildebran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2014.04.003","article-title":"Who uses a prescription drug monitoring program and how? Insights from a statewide survey of Oregon clinicians","volume":"15","author":"Irvine","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2015.302953","article-title":"Opioid overdose deaths and Florida's crackdown on pill mills","volume":"106","author":"Kennedy-Hendricks","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0105","first-page":"1063","article-title":"Clinicians' use of prescription drug monitoring programs in clinical practice and decision-making","volume":"18","author":"Leichtling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1514387","article-title":"State legal restrictions and prescription-opioid use among disabled adults","volume":"375","author":"Meara","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0115","first-page":"297","article-title":"State prescription drug monitoring programs and fatal drug overdoses","volume":"23","author":"Nam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1011512","article-title":"A flood of opioids, a rising tide of deaths","volume":"363","author":"Okie","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4039","article-title":"Preparing a prescription drug monitoring program data set for research purposes","volume":"25","author":"O'Kane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0130","author":"Oregon Health Authority, Center for Prevention & Health Promotion, Injury & Violence Prevention Section"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13741","article-title":"Do more robust prescription drug monitoring programs reduce prescription opioid overdose?","volume":"112","author":"Pardo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2015.1496","article-title":"Implementation of prescription drug monitoring programs associated with reductions in opioid-related death rates","volume":"35","author":"Patrick","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0145","first-page":"1487","article-title":"Vital signs: Overdoses of prescription opioid pain relievers, United States, 1999\u20132008","volume":"60","author":"Paulozzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2011.01062.x","article-title":"Prescription drug monitoring programs and death rates from drug overdose","volume":"12","author":"Paulozzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2011.01260.x","article-title":"A history of being prescribed controlled substances and risk of drug overdose death","volume":"13","author":"Paulozzi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-012-0250-2","article-title":"Prescribing practices, knowledge, and use of prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMP) by a national sample of medical toxicologists, 2012","volume":"8","author":"Perrone","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6450a3","article-title":"Increases in drug and opioid overdose deaths\u2014United States, 2000\u20132014","volume":"64","author":"Rudd","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.1085","article-title":"Most primary care physicians are aware of prescription drug monitoring programs, but many find the data difficult to access","volume":"34","author":"Rutkow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-017-0140-0","article-title":"The current utilization and perceptions of prescription drug monitoring programs among emergency medicine providers in Florida","volume":"10","author":"Young","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1526590017307368?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1526590017307368?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,16]],"date-time":"2023-09-16T23:57:53Z","timestamp":1694908673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1526590017307368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1526590017307368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-5900"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-5900","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Use With Opioid Prescribing and Health Outcomes: A Comparison of Program Users and Nonusers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pain","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.10.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 by the American Pain Society","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}