{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:23:20Z","timestamp":1790645000487,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":679,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1IK2CX002107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1IK2CX002107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1IK2RX001515"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1IK2RX001515"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["569"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["569"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 AG047903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 AG047903"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AG05064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AG05064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 DK082325"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 DK082325"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006379","name":"Office of Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006379","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpain.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T15:00:47Z","timestamp":1621609247000},"page":"1506-1517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Pain and Trauma: The Role of Criterion A Trauma and Stressful Life Events in the Pain and PTSD Relationship"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4112-5232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianna","family":"Gasperi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niloofar","family":"Afari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeep","family":"Suri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6449-2097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew S.","family":"Panizzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01517.x","article-title":"PTSD, combat injury, and headache in veterans returning from Iraq\/Afghanistan","volume":"49","author":"Afari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Headache J Head Face Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0002","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0003","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0004","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0005","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.04.008","article-title":"A twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and chronic widespread pain","volume":"124","author":"Arguelles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22285","article-title":"The emotional and physical pains of trauma: Contemporary and innovative approaches for treating co-occurring PTSD and chronic pain","volume":"31","author":"Asmundson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370204701004","article-title":"PTSD and the experience of pain: Research and clinical implications of shared vulnerability and mutual maintenance models","volume":"47","author":"Asmundson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20600","article-title":"Understanding the co-occurrence of anxiety disorders and chronic pain: State-of-the-art","volume":"26","author":"Asmundson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1507136","article-title":"Intensity of chronic pain\u2014the wrong metric?","volume":"373","author":"Ballantyne","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stat Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(97)00129-3","article-title":"Chronic posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic pain in Vietnam combat veterans","volume":"43","author":"Beckham","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.68","article-title":"Synaptic plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex in acute and chronic pain","volume":"17","author":"Bliss","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/ppc.12093","article-title":"Chronic pain and PTSD: Evolving views on their comorbidity","volume":"51","author":"Brennstuhl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Perspect Psychiatr Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0015","series-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.06.022","article-title":"Associations of limbic-affective brain activity and severity of ongoing chronic arthritis pain are explained by trait anxiety","volume":"12","author":"Cottam","year":"2016","journal-title":"NeuroImage: Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.07030504","article-title":"Functional neuroimaging of anxiety: a meta-analysis of emotional processing in PTSD, social anxiety disorder, and specific phobia","volume":"164","author":"Etkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnw065","article-title":"Chronic pain types differ in their reported prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and there is consistent evidence that chronic pain is associated with PTSD: An evidence-based structured systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Fishbain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-018-9692-4","article-title":"No trauma, no problem: Symptoms of posttraumatic stress in the absence of a criterion a stressor","volume":"41","author":"Franklin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychopathol Behav Assess."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000899","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic pain conditions in men: A Twin Study","volume":"83","author":"Gasperi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychosom Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2004.06.002","article-title":"Is life stress more traumatic than traumatic stress?","volume":"19","author":"Gold","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-770","article-title":"Pain as a global public health priority","volume":"11","author":"Goldberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1375\/136905202320906318","article-title":"The Vietnam era twin registry","volume":"5","author":"Goldberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Twin Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-016-1208-5","article-title":"The epidemiology of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder in the United States: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III","volume":"51","author":"Goldstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000908","article-title":"Does requiring trauma exposure affect rates of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD? Implications for DSM-5","volume":"13","author":"Hyland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy;"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000606","article-title":"Perturbed connectivity of the amygdala and its subregions with the central executive and default mode networks in chronic pain","volume":"157","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2920","article-title":"Preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain, and behavioral recovery in young children undergoing surgery","volume":"118","author":"Kain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22615","article-title":"Resting state functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex in veterans with and without post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"36","author":"Kennis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.168","article-title":"The world mental health (WMH) survey initiative version of the world health organization (WHO) composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI)","volume":"13","author":"Kessler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.29.020907.090847","article-title":"The descriptive epidemiology of commonly occurring mental disorders in the United States","volume":"29","author":"Kessler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(02)00399-9","article-title":"Chronic pain syndromes and their relation to childhood abuse and stressful life events","volume":"54","author":"Lampe","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1159\/000481950","article-title":"Did the DSM-5 improve the traumatic stressor criterion?: Association of DSM-IV and DSM-5 criterion a with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms","volume":"50","author":"Larsen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-018-1550-x","article-title":"Do trauma type, stressful life events, and social support explain women veterans\u2019 high prevalence of PTSD?","volume":"53","author":"Lehavot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796014000365","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of the PTSD checklist and the Vietnam Era Twin Registry PTSD scale","volume":"24","author":"Magruder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2016.06.002","article-title":"Overlapping chronic pain conditions: implications for diagnosis and classification","volume":"17","author":"Maixner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2019.1608717","article-title":"Mutual maintenance of PTSD and physical symptoms for Veterans returning from deployment","volume":"10","author":"McAndrew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23861","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder in interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome: Relationship to patient phenotype and clinical practice implications","volume":"38","author":"McKernan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.54.101601.145112","article-title":"Progress and controversy in the study of posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"54","author":"McNally","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(75)90044-5","article-title":"The McGill Pain Questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods","volume":"1","author":"Melzack","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(87)91074-8","article-title":"The short-form McGill pain questionnaire","volume":"30","author":"Melzack","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0041","series-title":"Handbook of Pain Assessment","first-page":"35","article-title":"The McGill Pain Questionnaire: Appraisal and Current Status","author":"Melzack","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12424","article-title":"Evidence for acute central sensitization to prolonged experimental pain in posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"15","author":"Moeller-Bertram","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2003.09.0397","article-title":"An examination of the relationship between chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"40","author":"Otis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rehabil Res Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9896","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-24-09896.2001","article-title":"Exacerbation of pain by anxiety is associated with activity in a hippocampal network","volume":"21","author":"Ploghaus","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0045","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0046","first-page":"39","article-title":"Traumatic events, criterion creep, and the creation of pretraumatic stress disorder","volume":"3","author":"Rosen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci Rev Mental Health Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2007.12.002","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder: An empirical evaluation of core assumptions","volume":"28","author":"Rosen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(00)00071-4","article-title":"Chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder: Mutual maintenance?","volume":"21","author":"Sharp","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2012.122","article-title":"The Vietnam Era Twin Registry: a quarter century of progress","volume":"16","author":"Tsai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.07.003","article-title":"Experiencing early life maternal separation increases pain sensitivity in adult offspring","volume":"62","author":"Vilela","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00242-0","article-title":"Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: A state of the art","volume":"85","author":"Vlaeyen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/139329","article-title":"Psychological distress and stressful life events in pediatric complex regional pain syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Wager","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain Res Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0053","series-title":"Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies","article-title":"The PTSD Checklist: Reliability, validity and diagnostic utility","author":"Weathers","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0054","first-page":"250","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL-C, PCL-S, PCL-M, PCL-PR)","volume":"34","author":"Weathers","year":"1996","journal-title":"Meas Stress Trauma Adapt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2007.03.004","article-title":"Performance characteristics of the posttraumatic stress disorder checklist and SPAN in Veterans Affairs primary care settings","volume":"29","author":"Yeager","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.11.079","article-title":"Sadness enhances the experience of pain via neural activation in the anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala: An fMRI study","volume":"50","author":"Yoshino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1526590021002297?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1526590021002297?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T20:10:44Z","timestamp":1778616644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1526590021002297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1526590021002297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-5900"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-5900","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pain and Trauma: The Role of Criterion A Trauma and Stressful Life Events in the Pain and PTSD Relationship","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pain","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of United States Association for the Study of Pain, Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}