{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T07:59:19Z","timestamp":1780819159005,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FT180100565"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT180100565"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000874","name":"Brain and Behavior Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpain.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T23:29:04Z","timestamp":1760657344000},"page":"105582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Brain-wide changes in microglial morphology following peripheral nerve injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0485-0737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael A.","family":"Cazuza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6641-7288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michail","family":"Laoumtzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Lacagnina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1968-054X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane C.","family":"Morphett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8360-0236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sever M.","family":"Zagrai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anamaria R.","family":"Grieco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2154-5950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark R.","family":"Hutchinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8999-1220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter M.","family":"Grace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2020.00198","article-title":"Overview of general and discriminating markers of differential microglia phenotypes","volume":"14","author":"Jurga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2022.10.020","article-title":"Microglia states and nomenclature: a field at its crossroads","volume":"110","author":"Paolicelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5726","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1110647","article-title":"Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo","volume":"308","author":"Nimmerjahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4397","article-title":"Microglia emerge as central players in brain disease","volume":"23","author":"Salter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02309-6","article-title":"The semantics of microglia activation: neuroinflammation, homeostasis, and stress","volume":"18","author":"Woodburn","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.11.009","article-title":"Microglia in pain: detrimental and protective roles in pathogenesis and resolution of pain","volume":"100","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2018.2","article-title":"Microglia in neuropathic pain: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"19","author":"Inoue","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3441","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1602070113","article-title":"Morphine paradoxically prolongs neuropathic pain in rats by amplifying spinal NLRP3 inflammasome activation","volume":"113","author":"Grace","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"0 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.06.022","article-title":"Glia and pain: is chronic pain a gliopathy?","volume":"154 1","author":"Ji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"252","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"reE14","DOI":"10.1126\/stke.2522004re14","article-title":"Cell signaling and the genesis of neuropathic pain","volume":"2004","author":"Ji","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci STKE"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2019-0138","article-title":"Role of the immune system in neuropathic pain","volume":"20","author":"Malcangio","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/753656","article-title":"Microglia and spinal cord synaptic plasticity in persistent pain","volume":"2013","author":"Taves","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-025-00914-5","article-title":"How microglia contribute to the induction and maintenance of neuropathic pain","volume":"26","author":"Malcangio","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.09.028","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pain","volume":"139","author":"Basbaum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"619","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib15","article-title":"Brain circuits for pain and its treatment","volume":"13","author":"Lindsay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-080317-061522","article-title":"Endogenous and Exogenous Opioids in Pain","volume":"41","author":"Corder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3779","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI43766","article-title":"Central modulation of pain","volume":"120","author":"Ossipov","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000318225.51122.63","article-title":"Descending monoaminergic pain modulation: bidirectional control and clinical relevance","volume":"71","author":"Benarroch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-019-0813-1","article-title":"Descending control mechanisms and chronic pain","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Rheuma Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.05.057","article-title":"Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus pathways in pain modulation","volume":"338","author":"Llorca-Torralba","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(02)00009-6","article-title":"Descending control of pain","volume":"66","author":"Millan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2021.696515","article-title":"Monoaminergic and opioidergic modulation of brainstem circuits: new insights into the clinical challenges of pain treatment?","volume":"2","author":"Tavares","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pain Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(94)90143-0","article-title":"The dorsal raphe: an important nucleus in pain modulation","volume":"34","author":"Wang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2697","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000688","article-title":"Parabrachial complex links pain transmission to descending pain modulation","volume":"157","author":"Roeder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23883","article-title":"Topography of microglial activation in sensory- and affect-related brain regions in chronic pain","volume":"95","author":"Taylor","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00213","article-title":"Brain microglial activation in chronic pain-associated affective disorder","volume":"13","author":"Barcelon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.08.005","article-title":"Peripheral nerve injury triggers neuroinflammation in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus in a subgroup of rats with coincident affective behavioural changes","volume":"416","author":"Fiore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8442","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4036-14.2015","article-title":"Microglia disrupt mesolimbic reward circuitry in chronic pain","volume":"35","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2024.08.057","article-title":"18 kDa Translocator protein (TSPO) is upregulated in rat brain after peripheral nerve injury and downregulated by diroximel fumarate","volume":"123","author":"Cazuza","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.09.018","article-title":"Brain glial activation in fibromyalgia - A multi-site positron emission tomography investigation","volume":"75","author":"Albrecht","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0433-1","article-title":"The neuroinflammatory component of negative affect in patients with chronic pain","volume":"26","author":"Albrecht","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu377","article-title":"Evidence for brain glial activation in chronic pain patients","volume":"138","author":"Loggia","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24133","article-title":"Sex-specific transcriptome of spinal microglia in neuropathic pain due to peripheral nerve injury","volume":"70","author":"Fiore","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4053","article-title":"Different immune cells mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity in male and female mice","volume":"18","author":"Sorge","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23091-2","article-title":"Comparisons of quantitative approaches for assessing microglial morphology reveal inconsistencies, ecological fallacy, and a need for standardization","volume":"12","author":"Green","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01167-6","article-title":"A tool for mapping microglial morphology, morphOMICs, reveals brain-region and sex-dependent phenotypes","volume":"25","author":"Colombo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90209-6","article-title":"A Peripheral Mononeuropathy in Rat That Produces Disorders of Pain Sensation Like Those Seen in Man","volume":"33","author":"Bennett","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000003077","article-title":"Oral dimethyl fumarate reduces peripheral neuropathic pain in rodents via NFE2L2 antioxidant signaling","volume":"132","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlad031","article-title":"Association between APOE genotype and microglial cell morphology","volume":"82","author":"Kloske","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-021-02372-6","article-title":"Diverse human astrocyte and microglial transcriptional responses to Alzheimer's pathology","volume":"143","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.02.008","article-title":"Age-related pathology after adenoviral overexpression of the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 in the mouse striatum","volume":"66","author":"Kritzinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib42","volume":"1","author":"Paxinos","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2024.08.057","article-title":"18 kDa Translocator protein (TSPO) is upregulated in rat brain after peripheral nerve injury and downregulated by diroximel fumarate","volume":"123","author":"Cazuza","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2012","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000607","article-title":"Prior voluntary wheel running attenuates neuropathic pain","volume":"157","author":"Grace","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105553","article-title":"Fc gamma receptor IIa signaling from spinal cord astrocytes promotes neuropathic pain in rats","volume":"36","author":"Lacagnina","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.113829","article-title":"The functional and anatomical characterization of three spinal output pathways of the anterolateral tract","volume":"43","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5747","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0587-12.2012","article-title":"Abnormalities in hippocampal functioning with persistent pain","volume":"32","author":"Mutso","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6424","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap8586","article-title":"An amygdalar neural ensemble that encodes the unpleasantness of pain","volume":"363","author":"Corder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001748","article-title":"Selective modulation of tonic aversive qualities of neuropathic pain by morphine in the central nucleus of the amygdala requires endogenous opioid signaling in the anterior cingulate cortex","volume":"161","author":"Navratilova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s12993-019-0156-0","article-title":"Motor cortex and pain control: exploring the descending relay analgesic pathways and spinal nociceptive neurons in healthy conscious rats","volume":"15","author":"Lopes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav Brain Funct"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5287","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2566-20.2021","article-title":"The Modulatory Effect of Motor Cortex Astrocytes on Diabetic Neuropathic Pain","volume":"41","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.07.012","article-title":"The cerebral signature for pain perception and its modulation","volume":"55","author":"Tracey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2003.10.073","article-title":"Afferent pain pathways: a neuroanatomical review","volume":"1000","author":"Almeida","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.09.001","article-title":"Pain matrices and neuropathic pain matrices: a review","volume":"154","author":"Garcia-Larrea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00358-4","article-title":"Lateral hypothalamus: site involved in pain modulation","volume":"70","author":"Dafny","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00134.2023","article-title":"Immune and metabolic challenges induce changes in pain sensation and related pathways in the hypothalamus","volume":"56","author":"Rodriguez-Zas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physiol Genom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib57","article-title":"Supraspinal Glial-Neuronal Interactions Contribute to Descending Pain Facilitation after Nerve Injury","volume":"59","author":"Dubner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Physiol Sci"},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10482","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3593-08.2008","article-title":"Supraspinal Glial-Neuronal Interactions Contribute to Descending Pain Facilitation","volume":"28","author":"Wei","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.05.002","article-title":"The hippocampal-VTA loop: Controlling the entry of information into long-term memory","volume":"46","author":"Lisman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0189-4","article-title":"Altered activation and connectivity in a hippocampal-basal ganglia-midbrain circuit during salience processing in subjects at ultra high risk for psychosis (vol 7, e1245, 2017)","volume":"8","author":"Winton-Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Psychiat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.26653","article-title":"Anatomical and functional organization of the human substantia nigra and its connections","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib62","first-page":"129","article-title":"Chronic pain: The role of learning and brain plasticity","volume":"32","author":"Mansour","year":"2014","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neuros"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.05.033","article-title":"Reward deficiency and anti-reward in pain chronification","volume":"68","author":"Borsook","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2008.08.024","article-title":"Role of enhanced noradrenergic transmission within the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in visceral pain-induced aversion in rats","volume":"197","author":"Deyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2018.10.003","article-title":"The role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in pain-induced aversive motivation","volume":"26","author":"Minami","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30177-3","article-title":"Forebrain medial septum sustains experimental neuropathic pain","volume":"8","author":"Ariffin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01922-y","article-title":"Lateral septum-lateral hypothalamus circuit dysfunction in comorbid pain and anxiety","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.66446","article-title":"An excitatory lateral hypothalamic circuit orchestrating pain behaviors in mice","volume":"10","author":"Siemian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"7829","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2777-8","article-title":"Negative feedback control of neuronal activity by microglia","volume":"586","author":"Badimon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.56502","article-title":"Microglial calcium signaling is attuned to neuronal activity in awake mice","volume":"9","author":"Umpierre","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2013.09.012","article-title":"Network hubs in the human brain","volume":"17","author":"van den Heuvel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.04.012","article-title":"Are the emergence of affective disturbances in neuropathic pain states contingent on supraspinal neuroinflammation?","volume":"56","author":"Fiore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2025.03.027","article-title":"A sensory-motor-sensory circuit underlies antinociception ignited by primary motor cortex in mice","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.945548","article-title":"Brain region- and sex-specific transcriptional profiles of microglia","volume":"13","author":"Barko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.10.036","article-title":"The classical complement cascade mediates CNS synapse elimination","volume":"131","author":"Stevens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6588","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf6805","article-title":"A spinal microglia population involved in remitting and relapsing neuropathic pain","volume":"376","author":"Kohno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-022-00199-6","article-title":"Neuroplasticity related to chronic pain and its modulation by microglia","volume":"42","author":"Hiraga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflamm Regen"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1526590025008090?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1526590025008090?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T07:21:19Z","timestamp":1780816879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1526590025008090"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":77,"alternative-id":["S1526590025008090"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582","relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-5900"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-5900","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Brain-wide changes in microglial morphology following peripheral nerve injury","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pain","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpain.2025.105582","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 \u00a9 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of United States Association for the Study of Pain, Inc All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105582"}}