{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T19:08:27Z","timestamp":1785784107711,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81873094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81873094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T19:04:01Z","timestamp":1657134241000},"page":"114927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Effects of sulfur-fumigated ginseng on the global quality of Si-Jun-Zi decoction, a traditional ginseng-containing multi-herb prescription, evaluated by metabolomics and glycomics strategies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"219","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Hao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Di","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan-Shan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song-Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2012.09.030","article-title":"Sulfur fumigation, a better or worse choice in preservation of Traditional Chinese Medicine?","volume":"20","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2011.00084","article-title":"Sulfur fumigation processing of traditional chinese medicinal herbs: beneficial or detrimental?","volume":"2","author":"Kan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2015.05.055","article-title":"Discovery of characteristic chemical markers for inspecting sulfur-fumigated Radix Angelicae Sinensis by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole\/time-of-flight mass spectrometry based metabolomics and chemical profiling approach","volume":"76","author":"Bai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3828","DOI":"10.1039\/c2an35543d","article-title":"Global detection and analysis of volatile components from sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated herbal medicine by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography\/time-of-flight mass spectrometry","volume":"137","author":"Cao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2012.01.083","article-title":"Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole\/time of flight mass spectrometry based chemical profiling approach to rapidly reveal chemical transformation of sulfur-fumigated medicinal herbs, a case study on white ginseng","volume":"1231","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2017.07.003","article-title":"A practical protocol for comprehensive evaluation of sulfur-fumigation of Gastrodia Rhizoma using metabolome and health risk assessment analysis","volume":"340","author":"Kang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.10.023","article-title":"Effects of sulfur-fumigation on the pharmacokinetics, metabolites and analgesic activity of Radix Paeoniae Alba","volume":"212","author":"Kong","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.11.023","article-title":"Sulfur fumigation reducing systemic exposure of ginsenosides and weakening immunomodulatory activity of ginseng","volume":"195","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112799","article-title":"Effect of sulfur-fumigation process on ginseng: Metabolism and absorption evidences","volume":"256","author":"Shen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.1675","article-title":"Comparative study on intestinal metabolism and absorption in vivo of ginsenosides in sulphur-fumigated and non-fumigated ginseng by ultra performance liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry based chemical profiling approach","volume":"7","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Test. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO03341C","article-title":"Efficacy of ginseng and its ingredients as adjuvants to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02084-3","article-title":"Structural analogues in herbal medicine ginseng hit a shared target to achieve cumulative bioactivity","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9740","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO02434A","article-title":"Similar hypoglycemic effects of glucomannan and its enzyme degraded products from Amorphophallus albus on type 2 diabetes mellitus in mice and potential mechanisms","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115250","article-title":"Effects and contributory factors of sulfur-fumigation on the efficacy and safety of medicinal herbs evaluated by meta-analysis","volume":"293","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8358609","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8358609","article-title":"Evaluation of the influence of sulfur-fumigated paeoniae Radix Alba on the quality of Si Wu Tang by chromatographic and chemometric analysis","volume":"2016","author":"Pei","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Anal. Methods Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.201400874","article-title":"Evaluation of the influence of sulfur fumigation on the pharmacokinetics of four active ingredients in Si Wu Tang","volume":"38","author":"Pei","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Sep. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.02.029","article-title":"Paeonifiorin sulfonate as a characteristic marker for specifically inspecting Chinese patent medicine Liu-Wei-Di-Huang-Wan contained sulfur-fumigated Moutan Cortex","volume":"138","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2021.153790","article-title":"Differential effect of polysaccharide and nonpolysaccharide components in Sijunzi decoction on spleen deficiency syndrome and their mechanisms","volume":"93","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.09.136","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of Sijunzi Decoction for chronic fatigue syndrome with spleen deficiency pattern: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2017.25","article-title":"Kruppel-like factor 4 acts as a potential therapeutic target of Sijunzi decoction for treatment of colorectal cancer","volume":"24","author":"Jie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2019.152880","article-title":"Effect of polysaccharides from Sijunzi decoction on Ca(2+) related regulators during intestinal mucosal restitution","volume":"58","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2018.10.038","article-title":"Less SO2 residue may not indicate higher quality, better efficacy and weaker toxicity of sulfur-fumigated herbs: Ginseng, a pilot study","volume":"364","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.578086","article-title":"A practical protocol for a comprehensive evaluation of sulfur fumigation of Trichosanthis Radix Based on both non-targeted and widely targeted metabolomics","volume":"11","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2020.113581","article-title":"Effects of sulfur fumigation and heating desulfurization on quality of medicinal herbs evaluated by metabolomics and glycomics: Codonopsis Radix, a pilot study","volume":"191","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2016.10.043","article-title":"Integrating targeted glycomics and untargeted metabolomics to investigate the processing chemistry of herbal medicines, a case study on Rehmanniae Radix","volume":"1472","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib26","series-title":"Pharmacopoeia of the People\u2019s Republic of China","author":"ChP","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60111a017","article-title":"Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances","volume":"28","author":"Dubois","year":"1956","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2013.02.021","article-title":"UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS fingerprinting of Traditional Chinese Formula SiJunZiTang","volume":"80","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3511","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-021-03302-x","article-title":"An integrated strategy of MS-network-based offline 2DLC-QTOF-MS\/MS coupled with UHPLC-QTRAP((R))-MS\/MS for the characterization and quantification of the non-polysaccharides in Sijunzi decoction","volume":"413","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2018.04.009","article-title":"Rapid characterization of the chemical constituents of Sijunzi decoction by UHPLC coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry","volume":"1086","author":"Guan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112377","article-title":"The effects of sulfur fumigation processing on Panacis Quinquefolii Radix in chemical profile, immunoregulation and liver and kidney injury","volume":"249","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2019.460418","article-title":"Effects of chromatographic conditions and mass spectrometric parameters on the ionization and fragmentation of triterpene saponins of Ilex asprella in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis","volume":"1608","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2021.114522","article-title":"Quality consistency evaluation of commercial Impatiens Caulis by integrating UPLC-QTOF-MS\/MS chemical profiling and UPLC-DAD multi-components quantification approaches","volume":"209","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.10.151","article-title":"UPLC-QTOF-MS\/MS-guided isolation and purification of sulfur-containing derivatives from sulfur-fumigated edible herbs, a case study on ginseng","volume":"246","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.05.116","article-title":"Influence of sulphur-fumigation on the quality of white ginseng: a quantitative evaluation of major ginsenosides by high performance liquid chromatography","volume":"135","author":"Jin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem."}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S073170852200348X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S073170852200348X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T09:24:15Z","timestamp":1760001855000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S073170852200348X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["S073170852200348X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927","relation":{},"ISSN":["0731-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0731-7085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of sulfur-fumigated ginseng on the global quality of Si-Jun-Zi decoction, a traditional ginseng-containing multi-herb prescription, evaluated by metabolomics and glycomics strategies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114927","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"114927"}}