{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T21:06:18Z","timestamp":1789419978890,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82204760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82204760"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82574689"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82574689"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T07:46:30Z","timestamp":1772005590000},"page":"117443","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Systematic characterization of chemical constituents and in vivo metabolites of Jiuwei Qianghuo Granules by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"274","author":[{"given":"Zihang","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengru","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenqi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongfei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyao","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengjiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beibei","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4760-101X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaqi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.37349\/ent.2025.1004121","article-title":"A comprehensive insight into baicalein and baicalin: neuroprotective perspectives in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Sarup","year":"2025","journal-title":"Explor. Neuroprot. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/s41540-025-00620-z","article-title":"Unraveling anti-inflammatory metabolic signatures of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and isoliquiritigenin through multiomics","volume":"11","author":"Kiuchi","year":"2025","journal-title":"npj Syst. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120827","article-title":"A comprehensive review of Glycyrrhiza glabra in the management of rheumatoid arthritis: ethnopharmacology, pharmacological mechanisms and synergistic therapeutic strategies","volume":"356","author":"Prajapati","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib4","first-page":"39","article-title":"Synergistic effect of notopterygium incisum and saposhnikovia divaricata in the anti-inflammatory activity","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Kor. J. Herbol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2023.105758","article-title":"Systematic characterization of the chemical constituents in vitro and in vivo of Qianghuo by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS","volume":"172","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib6","article-title":"The study of a novel strategy for the in vivo metabolite identification of licorice using UHPLC-MS\/MS","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib7","first-page":"1300","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of 7 aristolochic acids of Jiuwei Qianghuo granules by UPLC-MS\/MS","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mod. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib8","first-page":"3824","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of thirteen constituents in Jiuwei Qianghuo Oral Liquid by RP-HPLC","volume":"47","author":"Ren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17091130","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals in Sayeok-Tang via UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and UPLC-TQ-MS\/MS","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2010.05.009","article-title":"Analysis of the bioactive constituents of ChanSu in rat plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection","volume":"53","author":"Xia","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2019.460501","article-title":"A classification of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry techniques for evaluation of chemical composition and quality control of traditional medicines","volume":"1609","author":"Stavrianidi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2025.116758","article-title":"An integrated analysis strategy for characterization of chromones and coumarins from Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. by UHPLC-QTOF-MS","volume":"259","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4982","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28134982","article-title":"A review of classification, biosynthesis, biological activities and potential applications of flavonoids","volume":"28","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib14","first-page":"2267","article-title":"Analysis of the mechanism of action of Qingfei Decoction's anti-pneumonia activity by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS combined with network pharmacology","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Hunan Univ. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib15","first-page":"814","article-title":"Analysis of chemical constituents in Huangqin Qingre Chubi capsule based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS","volume":"43","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Instrum. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1007\/s11655-023-3746-5","article-title":"Advances in phytochemistry and modern pharmacology of saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk","volume":"29","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib17","first-page":"512","article-title":"Identification of components and metabolites of Saposhnikoviae Radix decoction in rats\u2019 plasma by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS","volume":"37","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pract. Serv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib18","first-page":"1956","article-title":"Research progress of active constituents and their mechanism of action in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch","volume":"43","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. Life."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib19","first-page":"569","article-title":"UPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis on chemical constituents of classical prescription Xiehuang San standard decoction","volume":"40","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Nanjing Univ. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib20","first-page":"1736","article-title":"Analysis and evaluation on Atractylodes-Cyperus alcohol extract by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS and HPLC","volume":"58","author":"Cao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. Pharm. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib21","first-page":"2144","article-title":"Rapid analysis of components in Longshengzhi capsules based on UPLC-Q\/TOF-MS technology","volume":"26","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mod. Tradit. Chin. Med. Mater. Med. World Sci. Tech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib22","first-page":"2051","article-title":"Analysis of the main chemical components in fresh and dried Pheretima aspergillum from Guangdong by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS and HPLC","volume":"36","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. R&D"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2012.01.055","article-title":"Omic techniques in systems biology approaches to traditional Chinese medicine research: present and future","volume":"140","author":"Buriani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.1.39","article-title":"Rat gastrointestinal tissues metabolize quercetin1, 2","volume":"136","author":"Graf","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2024.2426614","article-title":"Mechanisms of gut bacterial metabolism of dietary polyphenols into bioactive compounds","volume":"16","author":"Alqudah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17172793","article-title":"Unlocking polyphenol efficacy: The role of gut microbiota in modulating bioavailability and health effects","volume":"17","author":"Mahdi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib27","series-title":"Pharmacology for the Health Care Professions","author":"Thorp","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-020-00784-w","article-title":"Role of gut microbiota in identification of novel TCM-derived active metabolites","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Protein & Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib29","first-page":"5","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics research advances of coumarin compounds in vivo","volume":"25","author":"Lei","year":"2016","journal-title":"China Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib30","first-page":"4574","article-title":"UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS analysis of prototypical components and metabolites of Atractylodes macrocephala in serum, urine, feces and tissues of rats","volume":"56","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib31","first-page":"172","article-title":"Study on metabolites derived from Zhideke granules in rats in vivo","volume":"35","author":"Liang","year":"2024","journal-title":"China Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib32","article-title":"Shenyang Pharmaceutical University","author":"Wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stud. Qual. Eval. Asari Radix Et. Rhizoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2021.462178","article-title":"A strategy for intelligent chemical profiling-guided precise quantitation of multi-components in traditional Chinese medicine formulae-QiangHuoShengShi decoction","volume":"1649","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-019-01361-0","article-title":"Metabolomic profiling of saposhnikoviae Radix from Mongolia by LC-IT-TOF-MS\/MS and multivariate statistical analysis","volume":"74","author":"Batsukh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1366482","article-title":"Rapid characterisation and identification of compounds in Saposhnikoviae Radix by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry","volume":"32","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib36","first-page":"54","article-title":"HPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS analysis of chemical constituents of Fangfeng Shaoyaotang","volume":"24","author":"Shao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Tradit. Med. Formula"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib37","first-page":"298","article-title":"Rapid identification of chemical components in compound Nanxing acesodyne plaster by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"China J. Chin. Mater. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib38","series-title":"Study on the chemical constituents of Saposhnikoviae Radix and their quality evaluation methods","author":"Chen","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2019.05.046","article-title":"Tissue distribution study of Angelica dahurica cv. Yubaizhi in rat by ultra\u2013performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"174","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib40","first-page":"2658","article-title":"Identification of chemical constituents and blood-absorbed ingredients of Chaihu-Jia-Longgu-Muli decoction by UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE","volume":"41","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Mod. Appl. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2017.07.021","article-title":"Systematic screening and characterization of multiple constituents in Guizhi Fuling capsule and metabolic profiling of bioactive components in rats using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography\/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry","volume":"1061-1062","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2023.115763","article-title":"The chemical constituents and metabolite profiles of Huangqin decoction in normal and ulcerative colitis rats by UHPLC-Q-TOF\/MS analysis","volume":"237","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2016.02.079","article-title":"A targeted strategy to analyze untargeted mass spectral data: rapid chemical profiling of Scutellaria baicalensis using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry and key ion filtering","volume":"1441","author":"Qiao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2021.122793","article-title":"Characterization of chemical constituents and metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of San Miao Wan by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry","volume":"1178","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2015.05.030","article-title":"Global identification and quantitative analysis of chemical constituents in traditional Chinese medicinal formula Qi-Fu-Yin by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry","volume":"114","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib46","first-page":"73","article-title":"Establishment of characteristic chromatograms for different processed products of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE technology combined with UNIFI","volume":"46","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib47","first-page":"358","article-title":"UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS for rapid identification of chemical components in Jiawei Bazhen Yimu ointment","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cent. South Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib48","first-page":"5496","article-title":"Identification of chemical components and blood components of Biqi Capsules by UPLC-Q\/TOF-MS","volume":"52","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Herb. Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib49","first-page":"2069","article-title":"Chemical constituents of Guifu Dihuang pills and absorbed components in the plasma based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS technology","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cent. South Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443_bib50","first-page":"776","article-title":"ldentification of chemical components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma herb pairs and absorbed components in serum of rats based on UPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Eval. Res"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117447","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000}}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0731708526001111?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0731708526001111?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T18:08:34Z","timestamp":1777572514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0731708526001111"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0731708526001111"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443","relation":{},"ISSN":["0731-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0731-7085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Systematic characterization of chemical constituents and in vivo metabolites of Jiuwei Qianghuo Granules by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS\/MS","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117443","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117443"}}