{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T03:03:27Z","timestamp":1789787007816,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81973456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973456"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T14:50:14Z","timestamp":1788706214000},"page":"117721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Study on the influence of gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid in rats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"282","author":[{"given":"Linwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenggang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhen","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongshan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.153968","article-title":"Preventive effects of traditional Chinese medicine formula Huoxiangzhengqi against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response","volume":"99","author":"Gao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157567","article-title":"Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial","volume":"149","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib3","first-page":"2993","article-title":"Large- scale prospective clinical study on prophylactic intervention of COVID-19 in community population using Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid and jinhao jiere granules","volume":"45","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prmcm.2025.100659","article-title":"Interactions between traditional chinese medicine and gut microbiota in chronic diseases","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res. - Mod. Chin. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2024.116646","article-title":"Identification and quality control of isomers in Huo-Xiang-Zheng-Qi Mixture using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and inductive effects analysis","volume":"255","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117338","article-title":"Metabolic profiling of Gegen-Qinlian Decoction and its modified formula in gut microbiota from healthy individuals and ulcerative colitis patients with different syndromes using UHPLC-QTOF-MS\/MS and an in vitro incubation model","volume":"272","author":"Peng","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.115.065714","article-title":"Drug metabolism by the host and gut microbiota: a partnership or rivalry?","volume":"43","author":"Swanson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug. Metab. Dispos."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib8","first-page":"831","article-title":"Overview of research on intestinal flora mediating the metabolism of Chinese medicine","volume":"59","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8317","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c01087","article-title":"Biotransformation and gut microbiota-mediated bioactivity of flavonols","volume":"71","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12020320","article-title":"The interaction between flavonoids and intestinal microbes: a review","volume":"12","author":"Xiong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"},{"issue":"Part 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib11","article-title":"vitro fermentation characteristics of polysaccharides from coix seed and its effects on the gut microbiota","volume":"262","author":"Ge","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c06460","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation of metabolism and the contribution of the hepatic first-pass effect in the bioavailability of glabridin in rats","volume":"71","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.684358","article-title":"Blood-glucose-lowering effect of coptidis rhizoma extracts from different origins via gut microbiota modulation in db\/db Mice","volume":"12","author":"Lyu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.116818","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic interactions between metformin and berberine in rats: role of oral administration sequences and microbiota","volume":"235","author":"Lyu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G816","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00026.2020","article-title":"Impact of host and environmental factors on \u03b2-glucuronidase enzymatic activity: implications for gastrointestinal serotonin","volume":"318","author":"Walsh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4961","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.8.4961","article-title":"Fecalase: a model for activation of dietary glycosides to mutagens by intestinal flora","volume":"77","author":"Tamura","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2025.117123","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic assessment of twenty compounds from Bufei Huoxue capsule in rats using HPLC-MS\/MS","volume":"266","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122387","article-title":"Hesperidin: a review on extraction methods, stability and biological activities","volume":"14","author":"Pyrzynska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4341","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666160530150936","article-title":"Pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential of naringenin: a citrus flavonoid of pharmaceutical promise","volume":"22","author":"Neha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1021\/mp900013d","article-title":"Disposition of naringenin via glucuronidation pathway is affected by compensating efflux transporters of hydrophilic glucuronides","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2025.116950","article-title":"Rapid characterization of the chemical composition and metabolic transformation of flavonoids in Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction guided by feature-based molecular networking and sequential metabolism strategy","volume":"263","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G816","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00026.2020","article-title":"Impact of host and environmental factors on \u03b2-glucuronidase enzymatic activity: implications for gastrointestinal serotonin","volume":"318","author":"Walsh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2021.104906","article-title":"High-level expression of a novel multifunctional GH3 family \u03b2-xylosidase\/\u03b1-arabinosidase\/\u03b2-glucosidase from Dictyoglomus turgidum in Escherichia coli","volume":"111","author":"Tong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b21-00658","article-title":"Impact of gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of glycyrrhizic acid in yokukansan, a kampo medicine","volume":"45","author":"Ishida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24091816","article-title":"Simultaneous determination and pharmacokinetic characterization of glycyrrhizin, isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, and liquiritin in rat plasma following oral administration of glycyrrhizae radix extract","volume":"24","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-018-0011-0","article-title":"Pretreatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics alters the pharmacokinetics of major constituents of Shaoyao-Gancao decoction in rats after oral administration","volume":"40","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11897","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms262411897","article-title":"Gut microbiota in the regulation of intestinal drug transporters: molecular mechanisms and pharmacokinetic implications","volume":"26","author":"Rzeczycki","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-023-01578-y","article-title":"Gut microbiome modulates tacrolimus pharmacokinetics through the transcriptional regulation of ABCB1","volume":"11","author":"Degraeve","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12808","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222312808","article-title":"Cytochrome P450 enzymes and drug metabolism in humans","volume":"22","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0731708526003894?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0731708526003894?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:33:04Z","timestamp":1789785184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0731708526003894"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["S0731708526003894"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721","relation":{},"ISSN":["0731-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0731-7085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Study on the influence of gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of Huoxiang Zhengqi oral liquid in rats","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117721","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117721"}}