{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:39:47Z","timestamp":1792615187230,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,2,1]],"date-time":"2027-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1801440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,2,1]],"date-time":"2027-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1801440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,2,1]],"date-time":"2027-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1801440000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,2,1]],"date-time":"2027-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1801440000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,2,1]],"date-time":"2027-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1801440000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,2,1]],"date-time":"2027-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1801440000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,2,1]],"date-time":"2027-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1801440000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013290","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T15:14:32Z","timestamp":1791990872000},"page":"117770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A novel UPLC-ECD method for simultaneous quantification of levodopa, benserazide, and their major metabolites in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"284","author":[{"given":"Siqi","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiaoying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingtao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib1","first-page":"412","article-title":"The treatment of older patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"122","author":"Djukic","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dtsch. Arztebl. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib2","article-title":"Comparison of the effectiveness, safety, and costs of anti-Parkinson drugs: a multiple-center retrospective study","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1529932","article-title":"Levodopa-induced motor complications associated with benserazide and carbidopa in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a disproportionality analysis of the FAERS database","volume":"16","author":"Qiu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-83-5-677","article-title":"Drugs five years later: Levodopa","volume":"83","author":"Yahr","year":"1975","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117671","article-title":"Integrating Box\u2013Behnken and Plackett\u2013Burman designs for the robust impurity profiling of levodopa and carbidopa tablets","volume":"281","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00614388","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of the decarboxylase inhibitor benserazide in man; its tissue distribution in the rat","volume":"7","author":"Schwartz","year":"1974","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.1999.tb00015.x","article-title":"The effect of tolcapone on the pharmacokinetics of benserazide","volume":"6","author":"Jorga","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1973.tb10040.x","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier to carbidopa (MK-486) and Ro 4\u20134602, peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitors","volume":"25","author":"Clark","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-002-0778-4","article-title":"Commonly used L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitors block monoamine oxidase activity in the rat","volume":"110","author":"Treseder","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031610","article-title":"Identification by virtual screening and in vitro testing of human DOPA decarboxylase inhibitors","volume":"7","author":"Daidone","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.4382","article-title":"A new validated HPLC method for the determination of levodopa: Application to study the impact of ketogenic diet on the pharmacokinetics of levodopa in Parkinson's participants","volume":"33","author":"Elbarbry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2011.07.040","article-title":"Simultaneous quantitation of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa in human plasma by HPLC\u2013ESI-MS\/MS: Application for a pharmacokinetic study with a levodopa\/benserazide formulation","volume":"56","author":"C\u00e9sar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(97)00307-1","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of L-dopa and 3-O-methyldopa in human platelets and plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection","volume":"700","author":"Blandini","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-022-02621-9","article-title":"Lycium barbarum polysaccharide improves dopamine metabolism and symptoms in an MPTP-induced model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7468","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27217468","article-title":"Development and validation of a reversed-phase HPLC method with UV detection for the determination of L-dopa in Vicia faba L. broad beans","volume":"27","author":"Tesoro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2025.466443","article-title":"Green analytical methods for simultaneous determination of levodopa, carbidopa, and benserazide in Parkinson\u2019s drugs: The preferable superiority of the capillary electrophoresis comparing to the standard high performance liquid chromatography","volume":"1763","author":"Nguyen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.18433\/J3K923","article-title":"Development and validation of a robust and efficient HPLC method for the simultaneous quantification of levodopa, carbidopa, benserazide and entacapone in complex matrices","volume":"20","author":"Wollmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-025-01410-8","article-title":"Analytical method for simultaneous quantification of levodopa and carbidopa in the injectable oleogel formulation by HPLC","volume":"19","author":"Nakmode","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.199.149","article-title":"Effects of benserazide on L-DOPA-derived extracellular dopamine levels and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase activity in the striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats","volume":"199","author":"Shen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Tohoku J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/bmaa114","article-title":"Rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method for levodopa quantitation at low UV wavelength: Application of pharmacokinetics study in rat following intranasal delivery","volume":"59","author":"Parhizkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s007020170056","article-title":"Benserazide decreases central AADC activity, extracellular dopamine levels and levodopa decarboxylation in striatum of the rat","volume":"108","author":"Jonkers","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neural Transm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2023.05.012","article-title":"CSF dopamine is elevated in first-episode psychosis and associates to symptom severity and cognitive performance","volume":"257","author":"Orhan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(89)90114-3","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid indices of blood-brain barrier permeability following adrenal-brain transplantation in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"105","author":"Ahlskog","year":"1989","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo15010030","article-title":"Multiplexed dilute-and-shoot liquid chromatography\u2013multiple-reaction monitoring mass spectrometry clinical assay for metanephrines and catecholamines in human urine","volume":"15","author":"Qasrawi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29020496","article-title":"The high-precision liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) for monoamines neurotransmitters and their metabolites: A review","volume":"29","author":"Guiard","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52449","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c05399","article-title":"C. Carnicer-Caceres, Systematic assessment of matrix effect, recovery, and process efficiency using three complementary approaches: Implications for LC-MS\/MS bioanalysis applied to glucosylceramides in human cerebrospinal fluid","volume":"10","author":"Castillo-Ribelles","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.7509","article-title":"Development of a surrogate matrix for cerebral spinal fluid for liquid chromatography\/mass spectrometry based analytical methods","volume":"30","author":"Hooshfar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass. Spectrom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1373\/49.7.1041","article-title":"Ion suppression in mass spectrometry","volume":"49","author":"Annesley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1365\/s10337-010-1683-x","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of levodopa, benserazide and 3-O-methyldopa in human serum by LC\u2013MS\u2013MS","volume":"72","author":"Pan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chromatographia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1365\/s10337-005-0515-x","article-title":"Determination of levodopa and benserazide hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations by CZE with amperometric detection","volume":"61","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chromatographia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2004.07.006","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of levodopa and benserazide by stopped-flow injection analysis and three-way multivariate calibration of kinetic-spectrophotometric data","volume":"36","author":"Pistonesi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010935228654","article-title":"A pharmacokinetic model to predict the PK interaction of L-dopa and benserazide in rats","volume":"18","author":"Grange","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2006.08.071","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of benserazide and levodopa by capillary electrophoresis\u2013chemiluminescence using an improved interface","volume":"1131","author":"He","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2021.114558","article-title":"An UPLC-PDA assay for simultaneous determination of seven antibiotics in human plasma","volume":"210","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2015.01.040","article-title":"Determination of acacetin in rat plasma by UPLC-MS\/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study","volume":"986-987","author":"Fan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7641","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-014-8212-y","article-title":"Evaluation of human plasma sample preparation protocols for untargeted metabolic profiles analyzed by UHPLC-ESI-TOF-MS","volume":"406","author":"Rico","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5433","DOI":"10.1021\/ac5005103","article-title":"Quantitating metabolites in protein precipitated serum using NMR spectroscopy","volume":"86","author":"Gowda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(97)00343-5","article-title":"Determination of catecholamines in sheep plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection: Comparison of deoxyepinephrine and 3,4-dihydroxybenzylamine as internal standard","volume":"701","author":"He","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2025.124648","article-title":"Quantitative GC-NICI-MS and GC-NICI-MS\/MS analysis by using isotopologs as internal standards: A tutorial review","volume":"1262","author":"Tsikas","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.40.73","article-title":"Improved method for the analysis of ascorbic acid in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection","volume":"40","author":"Umegaki","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(64)90321-2","article-title":"Inhibition of decarboxylase of aromatic amino acids by 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzylhydrazine and its seryl derivative","volume":"107","author":"Burkard","year":"1964","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-026-01491-9","article-title":"Brain penetration of benserazide inversely associates with levodopa response in Parkinson\u2019s disease","author":"Lu","year":"2026","journal-title":"npj Park. 's. Dis."}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0731708526004383?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0731708526004383?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T19:48:01Z","timestamp":1792612081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0731708526004383"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,2]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0731708526004383"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770","relation":{},"ISSN":["0731-7085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0731-7085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A novel UPLC-ECD method for simultaneous quantification of levodopa, benserazide, and their major metabolites in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2026.117770","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"117770"}}