{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T12:12:04Z","timestamp":1785499924978,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,1]],"date-time":"2005-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1109635200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,8]],"date-time":"2005-03-08T18:29:05Z","timestamp":1110306545000},"page":"402-407","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Incidence and prevalence of HIV encephalopathy in children with HIV infection receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Claudia A.","family":"Chiriboga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Fleishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Champion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Gaye-Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine J.","family":"Abrams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-2-383","article-title":"Neurologic manifestations of infection with human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical features and pathogenesis","volume":"107","author":"Gabuzda","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.5.1089","article-title":"HIV-1-related encephalopathy in infants compared with children and adults. French Pediatric HIV Infection Study and the SEROCO Group","volume":"54","author":"Tardieu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410180509","article-title":"Neurological complications in infants and children with acquired immune deficiency syndrome","volume":"18","author":"Belman","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.78.4.678","article-title":"Neurologic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection in children","volume":"78","author":"Epstein","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1086\/314623","article-title":"Combination antiretroviral therapy and recent declines in AIDS incidence and mortality","volume":"179","author":"Vittinghoff","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.2.190","article-title":"Reduction in mortality with availability of antiretroviral therapy for children with perinatal HIV-1 infection. Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children and the Italian National AIDS Registry","volume":"284","author":"De martino","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198810063191401","article-title":"Effect of continuous intravenous infusion of zidovudine (AZT) in children with symptomatic HIV infection","volume":"319","author":"Pizzo","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)80150-7","article-title":"Effect of continuous-infusion zidovudine therapy on neuropsychologic functioning in children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"117","author":"Brouwers","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E7","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.101.3.e7","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental\/neuroradiologic recovery of a child infected with HIV after treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy using the HIV-specific protease inhibitor ritonavir","volume":"101","author":"Tepper","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.125007","article-title":"Effects of combination antiretroviral therapy on cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA, HIV resistance, and clinical manifestations of encephalopathy","volume":"141","author":"McCoig","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib11","first-page":"778","article-title":"Report of a Working Group of the American Academy of Neurology AIDS Task Force","volume":"41","author":"Nomenclature and research case definitions for neurologic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib12","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th ed. [DSM-IVTR]. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib13","series-title":"Wechsler intelligence scale for children","author":"Wechsler","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib14","series-title":"McCarthy scales of children's abilities","author":"McCarthy","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib15","series-title":"Bayley scales of infant development","author":"Bayley","year":"1969"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib16","series-title":"Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 11.0.1 for Windows","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70397-7","article-title":"Encephalopathy in children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection. Pediatric Spectrum of Disease Clinical Consortium","volume":"126","author":"Lobato","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib18","first-page":"221","article-title":"Evolution of HIV-1 encephalopathy in children","volume":"41","author":"Rigardetto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Panminerva Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70308-7","article-title":"Encephalopathy and progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease in a cohort of children with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection. Women and Infants Transmission Study Group","volume":"132","author":"Cooper","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib20","first-page":"500","article-title":"Children at risk for HIV infection: neurological and developmental abnormalities","volume":"34","author":"Chiriboga","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.2.384","article-title":"NIHNIAID\/NICHD\/NIDA-Sponsored Women and Infant Transmission Study Group: high rates of behavioral problems in perinatally HIV-infected children are not linked to HIV disease","volume":"111","author":"Mellins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1086\/315865","article-title":"Treatment-mediated changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 RNA and CD4 cell counts as predictors of weight growth failure, cognitive decline, and survival in HIV-infected children","volume":"182","author":"Lindsey","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-973490","article-title":"Correlation of viral load and CD8 T-lymphocytes with development of neurological manifestations in vertically HIV-1-infected infants: a prospective longitudinal study","volume":"30","author":"Gurbindo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e168","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.2.e168","article-title":"Low blood CD8+ T-lymphocytes and high circulating monocytes are predictors of HIV-1-associated progressive encephalopathy in children","volume":"111","author":"Silvia S\u00e1nchez-Ram\u00f3n JMBSRCC-NDGJ-TRaMM-F","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3340","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.4.3340-3350.1998","article-title":"Human immunodeficiency virus neurotropism: an analysis of viral replication and cytopathicity for divergent strains in monocytes and microglia","volume":"72","author":"Ghorpade","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib26","first-page":"655","article-title":"HIV-1 encephalopathy in children","volume":"7","author":"Gelbard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19970915)16:17<1965::AID-SIM630>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Meta-analysis for the evaluation of potential surrogate markers","volume":"16","author":"Daniels","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stat Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002234760400959X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002234760400959X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T12:26:33Z","timestamp":1683030393000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002234760400959X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S002234760400959X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.10.021","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.11546.469029","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}}}