{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T06:57:26Z","timestamp":1791269846460,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]],"date-time":"2009-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,25]],"date-time":"2009-04-25T05:23:26Z","timestamp":1240637006000},"page":"39-44.e1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Maternal Corticosteroid Use and Hypospadias"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"155","author":[{"given":"Suzan L.","family":"Carmichael","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha M.","family":"Werler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard S.","family":"Olney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary M.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Corticosteroid teratogenicity","volume":"27","author":"Rowland","year":"1983","journal-title":"Adv Vet Sci Comp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9969(94)00146-3","article-title":"The influence of earthquake-induced stress on human facial clefting and its simulation in mice","volume":"40","author":"Montenegro","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.05.046","article-title":"Maternal corticosteroid use and orofacial clefts","volume":"197","author":"Carmichael","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107297","article-title":"International trends in rates of hypospadias and cryptorchidism","volume":"107","author":"Paulozzi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.5.831","article-title":"Hypospadias trends in two US surveillance systems","volume":"100","author":"Paulozzi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6398","article-title":"Toward the effective surveillance of hypospadias","volume":"112","author":"Dolk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0865","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing hormone directly stimulates cortisol and the cortisol biosynthetic pathway in human fetal adrenal cells","volume":"90","author":"Sirianni","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5393","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0680","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and urocortin act through type 1 CRH receptors to stimulate dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate production in human fetal adrenal cells","volume":"90","author":"Sirianni","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1977.5.3.120","article-title":"The influence of betamethasone on the feto-placental unit: a preliminary report","volume":"5","author":"Negulescu","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib10","first-page":"27","article-title":"The effect of combined iron therapy (Chemiron) and single iron therapy on the dexamethasone-estriol reaction test for placenta insufficiency during normal pregnancy","volume":"26","author":"Ajayi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.9.941","article-title":"Systemic adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroid therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"159","author":"Lipworth","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1126\/science.705336","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to prednisone in humans and animals retards intrauterine growth","volume":"202","author":"Reinisch","year":"1978","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.1979.tb01577.x","article-title":"Involvement of glucocorticoids in the development of the secondary palate","volume":"13","author":"Salomon","year":"1979","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-0436.1999.6420115.x","article-title":"Ontogeny of the male urethra: theory of endodermal differentiation","volume":"64","author":"Kurzrock","year":"1999","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000139911.56346.1b","article-title":"In utero prednisone exposure affects genital development","volume":"172","author":"Yucel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2004.09.006","article-title":"The potential influence of maternal stress hormones on development and mental health of the offspring","volume":"19","author":"Weinstock","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(95)00082-8","article-title":"CRF administered to pregnant rats alters offspring behavior and morphology","volume":"52","author":"Williams","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420440505","article-title":"Reversible effects of triamcinolone and lack of effects with aspirin or L-656,224 on external genitalia of male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed in utero","volume":"44","author":"Wise","year":"1991","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000181631.31713.b6","article-title":"Maternal asthma, preeclampsia and risk of hypospadias","volume":"16","author":"Sorensen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-006-0259-z","article-title":"Use of anti-asthmatic drugs during pregnancy, 3: congenital malformations in the infants","volume":"63","author":"Kallen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199711)56:5<335::AID-TERA7>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"Population-based case-control study of teratogenic potential of corticosteroids","volume":"56","author":"Czeizel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1093\/phr\/116.S1.32","article-title":"The National Birth Defect Prevention Study","volume":"116","author":"Yoon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib23","first-page":"33","article-title":"Congenital malformations surveillance report: a report from the National Birth Defects Prevention Network","volume":"61","author":"National Birth Defects Prevention Network","year":"2000","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10012","article-title":"Guidelines for case classification for the National Birth Defects Prevention Study","volume":"67","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib25","series-title":"Part I: weight gain; part II: nutrient supplements","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.06.018","article-title":"National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Correlates of intake of folic acid\u2013containing supplements among pregnant women","volume":"194","author":"Carmichael","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib27","first-page":"249","article-title":"Induction of cleft palate in mice by cortisone and its reduction by vitamins","volume":"30","author":"Peer","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Int Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420260306","article-title":"Vitamin B6 reduces cortisone-induced cleft palate in the mouse","volume":"26","author":"Yoneda","year":"1982","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1054\/mehy.1999.0955","article-title":"High-dose pyridoxine as an \u201canti-stress\u201d strategy","volume":"54","author":"McCarty","year":"2000","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1990.tb28076.x","article-title":"The influence of vitamin B6 on the structure and function of the glucocorticoid receptor","volume":"585","author":"Allgood","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(200003)61:3<172::AID-TERA4>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Normal development of the male anterior urethra","volume":"61","author":"van der Werff","year":"2000","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000091603.43531.d0","article-title":"Hypospadias: trends and descriptive epidemiology in a California population","volume":"14","author":"Carmichael","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epidemiology"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347609000262?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347609000262?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T03:25:04Z","timestamp":1545276304000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022347609000262"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022347609000262"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.01.039","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]}}}