{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:36:57Z","timestamp":1778621817275,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]],"date-time":"2015-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438387200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21DK090778"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DK090778"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21DK090778"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DK090778"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","jpeds.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,29]],"date-time":"2015-05-29T09:32:07Z","timestamp":1432891927000},"page":"416-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Sexual Dimorphism in Newborn Vertebrae and Its Potential Implications"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Skorn","family":"Ponrartana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia C.","family":"Aggabao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naga L.","family":"Dharmavaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carissa L.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Friedlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherin U.","family":"Devaskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vicente","family":"Gilsanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2014-1007","article-title":"Pubertal timing, bone acquisition, and risk of fracture throughout life","volume":"35","author":"Bonjour","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-2039-5","article-title":"Review: developmental origins of osteoporotic fracture","volume":"17","author":"Cooper","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg227","article-title":"Association of birth weight with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis in adult twins","volume":"42","author":"Antoniades","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000155754.67821.CA","article-title":"Birth weight and weight at 1 year are independent determinants of bone mass in the seventh decade: the Hertfordshire cohort study","volume":"57","author":"Dennison","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2246","article-title":"Birth weight is not associated with risk of fracture: results from two Swedish cohort studies","volume":"29","author":"Byberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.9.1694","article-title":"Neonatal bone mass: influence of parental birthweight, maternal smoking, body composition, and activity during pregnancy","volume":"16","author":"Godfrey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2012.04.007","article-title":"Placental size at 19 weeks predicts offspring bone mass at birth: findings from the Southampton Women's Survey","volume":"33","author":"Holroyd","year":"2012","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-003-1454-8","article-title":"A theoretical analysis of the relative influences of peak BMD, age-related bone loss and menopause on the development of osteoporosis","volume":"14","author":"Hernandez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.190.3.8115610","article-title":"Gender differences in vertebral sizes in adults: biomechanical implications","volume":"190","author":"Gilsanz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060606","article-title":"Age- and sex-specific differences in the factor of risk for vertebral fracture: a population-based study using QCT","volume":"21","author":"Bouxsein","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623350","article-title":"Relative contribution of vertebral body and posterior arch in female and male lumbar spine peak bone mass","volume":"4","author":"Fournier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib12","first-page":"75","article-title":"Reference values for trabecular and cortical vertebral bone density in single and dual-energy quantitative computed tomography","volume":"9","author":"Kalender","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2242011369","article-title":"Bone, muscle, and fat: sex-related differences in prepubertal children","volume":"224","author":"Arfai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2501071322","article-title":"MR imaging insights into skeletal maturation: what is normal?","volume":"250","author":"Laor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib15","series-title":"Functional anatomy of the spine","first-page":"173","article-title":"Normal movement","author":"Middleditch","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117925","article-title":"Vertebral size in elderly women with osteoporosis: mechanical implications and relationship to fractures","volume":"95","author":"Gilsanz","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0356-6","article-title":"Vertebral dimensions as risk factor of vertebral fracture in osteoporotic patients: a systematic literature review","volume":"18","author":"Ruyssen-Witrand","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200010000-00011","article-title":"Physiologic predictors of lumbar spine bone mass in neonates","volume":"48","author":"Koo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665100000070","article-title":"Factors affecting newborn bone mineral content: in utero effects on newborn bone mineralization","volume":"59","author":"Namgung","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20955","article-title":"Body composition and its components in preterm and term newborns: a cross-sectional, multimodal investigation","volume":"22","author":"Ahmad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1992.tb12152.x","article-title":"Lumbar bone mineral content measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in newborns and infants","volume":"81","author":"Salle","year":"1992","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(90)90052-Z","article-title":"Sex differences in age-related changes in vertebral body size, density and biomechanical competence in normal individuals","volume":"11","author":"Mosekilde","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-1570","article-title":"Timing of peak bone mass: discrepancies between CT and DXA","volume":"92","author":"Wren","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(93)90085-O","article-title":"Mechanobiologic influences in long bone cross-sectional growth","volume":"14","author":"van der Meulen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib25","first-page":"1603","article-title":"Differential effect of gender on the sizes of the bones in the axial and appendicular skeletons","volume":"82","author":"Gilsanz","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-002-0868-4","article-title":"Fast and reproducible method for the direct quantitation of adipose tissue in newborn infants","volume":"37","author":"Harrington","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.9.2188","article-title":"Body composition in human infants at birth and postnatally","volume":"130","author":"Koo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22678","article-title":"The IGF-I regulatory system and its impact on skeletal and energy homeostasis","volume":"111","author":"Kawai","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib29","series-title":"Williams textbook of endocrinology","first-page":"868","article-title":"Disorders of sex development","author":"Acherman","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(76)80620-8","article-title":"Relative importance of growth hormone and sex steroids for the growth at puberty of trunk length, limb length, and muscle width in growth hormone\u2013deficient children","volume":"89","author":"Tanner","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(76)80619-1","article-title":"Interrelation of the therapeutic effects of growth hormone and testosterone on growth in hypopituitarism","volume":"89","author":"Aynsley-Green","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1005669","article-title":"Growth hormone plus childhood low-dose estrogen in Turner's syndrome","volume":"364","author":"Ross","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2008.01035.x","article-title":"Insulin and the IGF system in the human placenta of normal and diabetic pregnancies","volume":"215","author":"Hiden","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1013","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31828ffa15","article-title":"Association of benign joint hypermobility with spinal segmental motion and its clinical implication in active young males","volume":"38","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/66.11.1697","article-title":"Spinal mobility in young children: a normative study","volume":"66","author":"Haley","year":"1986","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-35552008000500008","article-title":"Qualitative postural analysis among boys and girls of seven to ten years of age","volume":"12","author":"Penha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev Bras Fisioter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib37","series-title":"Physical therapy of the low back","first-page":"51","article-title":"Lumbar posture, movement and mechanics","author":"Twomey","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06342","article-title":"Fetal load and the evolution\u00a0of lumbar lordosis in bipedal hominins","volume":"450","author":"Whitcome","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(95)00042-9","article-title":"Changes in segment mass and mass distribution during pregnancy","volume":"29","author":"Jensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Biomech"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347615004667?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347615004667?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]],"date-time":"2021-04-04T21:01:15Z","timestamp":1617570075000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022347615004667"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022347615004667"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Sexual Dimorphism in Newborn Vertebrae and Its Potential Implications","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pediatrics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.078","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}