{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T18:46:52Z","timestamp":1790880412911,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001130","name":"Gerber Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50HD089922"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50HD089922"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008321","name":"Pennsylvania State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008325","name":"Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpeds.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,29]],"date-time":"2018-03-29T17:46:15Z","timestamp":1522345575000},"page":"137-143.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Racial and Ethnic Disparities and Bias in the Evaluation and Reporting of Abusive Head Trauma"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"198","author":[{"given":"Kent P.","family":"Hymel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoinette L.","family":"Laskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn R.","family":"Crowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Armijo-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terra N.","family":"Frazier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly S.","family":"Tieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri","family":"Weeks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kent P.","family":"Hymel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark S.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Scott","family":"Halstead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vernon M.","family":"Chinchilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Herman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas R.","family":"Willson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Marinello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Armijo-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep K.","family":"Narang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Kissoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Pullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gautham","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Homa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanine M.","family":"Graf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reena","family":"Isaac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Musick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terra N.","family":"Frazier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly S.","family":"Tieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher L.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Truemper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne B.","family":"Haney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindall E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee A.","family":"Higgerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George A.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy S.","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl L.","family":"Serrao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Sirotnak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Albietz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Chiesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Boos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"McKiernan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stoiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Simms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Ornstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phil","family":"Hyden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas J.","family":"Lorenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wouter A.","family":"Karst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0010","series-title":"To err is human: building a safer health system","author":"Institute of Medicine","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2016.08.010","article-title":"Comparison of physician implicit racial bias toward adults versus children","volume":"17","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300621","article-title":"The influence of implicit bias on treatment recommendations for 4 common pediatric conditions: pain, urinary tract infection, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and asthma","volume":"102","author":"Sabin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300591","article-title":"Implicit stereotyping and medical decisions: unconscious stereotype activation in practitioners' thoughts about African Americans","volume":"102","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300601","article-title":"Under the radar: how unexamined biases in decision-making processes in clinical interactions can contribute to health care disparities","volume":"102","author":"Dovidio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300558","article-title":"The associations of clinicians' implicit attitudes about race With medical visit communication and patient ratings of interpersonal care","volume":"102","author":"Cooper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0040","first-page":"942","article-title":"Association of unconscious race and social class bias with vignette-based clinical assessments by medical students","volume":"306","author":"Haider","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2008.1007","article-title":"Disparities in physicians' interpretations of heart disease symptoms by patient gender: results of a video vignette factorial experiment","volume":"18","author":"Maserejian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0258-5","article-title":"Implicit bias among physicians and its prediction of thrombolysis decisions for black and white patients","volume":"22","author":"Green","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.7.621","article-title":"Analysis of missed cases of abusive head trauma","volume":"281","author":"Jenny","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e31805c0849","article-title":"What factors affect the identification and reporting of child abuse-related fractures?","volume":"461","author":"Lane","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.13.1603","article-title":"Racial differences in the evaluation of pediatric fractures for physical abuse","volume":"288","author":"Lane","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0031","article-title":"Disparities in the evaluation and diagnosis of abuse among infants with traumatic brain injury","volume":"126","author":"Wood","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e3182712b09","article-title":"Derivation of a clinical prediction rule for pediatric abusive head trauma","volume":"14","author":"Hymel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1537","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-1329","article-title":"Validation of a clinical prediction rule for pediatric abusive head trauma","volume":"134","author":"Hymel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.09.018","article-title":"Potential impact of a validated screening tool for pediatric abusive head trauma","volume":"167","author":"Hymel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559515583549","article-title":"Annual cost of U.S. hospital visits for pediatric abusive head trauma","volume":"20","author":"Peterson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Maltreat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048_bib0095","first-page":"11","article-title":"Childhood head injuries: accidental or inflicted?","volume":"154","author":"Reece","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347618301240?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347618301240?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T01:52:51Z","timestamp":1770169971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022347618301240"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["S0022347618301240"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Racial and Ethnic Disparities and Bias in the Evaluation and Reporting of Abusive Head Trauma","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pediatrics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.048","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.02.010","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.033","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}