{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T12:19:55Z","timestamp":1784895595185,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"NHLBI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpeds.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T03:42:57Z","timestamp":1590118977000},"page":"115-123.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Fetal Growth Restriction and Hypertension in the Offspring: Mechanistic Links and Therapeutic Directions"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"224","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2600-7529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arvind","family":"Sehgal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara T.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janna L.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"South","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032582","article-title":"Potential US population impact of the 2017 ACC\/AHA High Blood Pressure Guideline","volume":"137","author":"Muntner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e67","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000558","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics-2018 Update: a report from the American Heart Association","volume":"137","author":"Benjamin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13190","article-title":"Perinatal morbidity and mortality in early-onset fetal growth restriction: cohort outcomes of the trial of randomized umbilical and fetal flow in Europe (TRUFFLE)","volume":"42","author":"Lees","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(67)80066-0","article-title":"A practical classification of newborn infants by weight and gestational age","volume":"71","author":"Battaglia","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-017-4341-9","article-title":"Fetal growth restriction: current knowledge","volume":"295","author":"Nardozza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2008.10.008","article-title":"Effects of preterm birth and fetal growth retardation on cardiovascular risk factors in young adulthood","volume":"85","author":"Evensen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(15)30865-3","article-title":"Intrauterine growth restriction: screening, diagnosis, and management","volume":"35","author":"Lausman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm042","article-title":"Birth weight and systolic blood pressure in adolescence and adulthood: meta-regression analysis of sex- and age-specific results from 20 Nordic studies","volume":"166","author":"Gamborg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200018070-00002","article-title":"The role of size at birth and postnatal catch-up growth in determining systolic blood pressure: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Huxley","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3171","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.730366","article-title":"Tracking of blood pressure from childhood to adulthood: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis","volume":"117","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.304.6818.23","article-title":"Blood pressure in first 10 years of life: the Brompton study","volume":"304","author":"de Swiet","year":"1992","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0309","article-title":"Is blood pressure increased 19 years after intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth? A prospective follow-up study in The Netherlands","volume":"116","author":"Keijzer-Veen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13095","article-title":"Preterm birth may be a larger risk factor for increased blood pressure than intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"104","author":"Steen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66419-7","article-title":"Aortic wall thickness in newborns with intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"365","author":"Skilton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.06.030","article-title":"Cardiac function and arterial biophysical properties in small for gestational age infants: postnatal manifestations of fetal programming","volume":"163","author":"Sehgal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.05.076","article-title":"Cardiac morphology and function in preterm growth restricted infants: relevance for clinical sequelae","volume":"188","author":"Sehgal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070420","article-title":"Relationship between birthweight and arterial elasticity in childhood","volume":"115","author":"Rondo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000173522.98728.58","article-title":"Association of pulse waveform characteristics with birthweight in young adults","volume":"23","author":"Broyd","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2008.084475","article-title":"The association of birth weight with arterial stiffness at mid-adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study","volume":"63","author":"Mzayek","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)10508-0","article-title":"Impaired synthesis of elastin in walls of aorta and large conduit arteries during early development as an initiating event in pathogenesis of systemic hypertension","volume":"350","author":"Martyn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200104000-00005","article-title":"Maternal protein restriction suppresses the newborn renin-angiotensin system and programs adult hypertension in rats","volume":"49","author":"Woods","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.00484.x","article-title":"Prenatal programming of adult hypertension in the rat","volume":"59","author":"Vehaskari","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1159\/000333477","article-title":"Prenatal programming of hypertension in the rat: effect of postnatal rearing","volume":"1","author":"Habib","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephron Extra"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2008.04975.x","article-title":"Sheep models of intrauterine growth restriction: fetal adaptations and consequences","volume":"35","author":"Morrison","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.306.6869.24","article-title":"Initiation of hypertension in utero and its amplification throughout life","volume":"306","author":"Law","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.09.063","article-title":"Aortic pulse wave velocity improves cardiovascular event prediction: an individual participant meta-analysis of prospective observational data from 17,635 subjects","volume":"63","author":"Ben-Shlomo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.08.888","article-title":"Carotid stiffness is associated with incident stroke: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"66","author":"van Sloten","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.10.065","article-title":"Pulse wave velocity is an independent predictor of the longitudinal increase in systolic blood pressure and of incident hypertension in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Ageing","volume":"51","author":"Najjar","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000048341.52293.7C","article-title":"Birth weight impacts on wave reflections in children and adolescents","volume":"41","author":"Lurbe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000048894.99865.02","article-title":"Arterial and cardiac ageing: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises. Part III: cellular and molecular clues to heart and arterial ageing","volume":"107","author":"Lakatta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1993.tb15276.x","article-title":"Fetal angiotensin II levels and vascular (type I) angiotensin receptors in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"100","author":"Kingdom","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib32","first-page":"6","article-title":"Serum levels, placental expression and localization of angiotensin converting enzyme in pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy and in women with preeclampsia and IUGR foetuses","volume":"217","author":"Cosmi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib33","first-page":"R124","article-title":"Effect of chronic ANG I-converting enzyme inhibition on ageing processes. II. Large arteries","volume":"267","author":"Michel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200004000-00008","article-title":"Impaired acetylcholine-induced vascular relaxation in low birth weight infants: implications for adult hypertension?","volume":"47","author":"Martin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.7.2233","article-title":"Flow-mediated dilation in 9 to 11-year-old children: the influence of intrauterine and childhood factors","volume":"96","author":"Leeson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.16.8.984","article-title":"Risk factors related to carotid intima-media thickness and plaque in children with familial hypercholesterolemia and control subjects","volume":"16","author":"Tonstad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.9.2070","article-title":"Arterial mechanical changes in children with familial hypercholesterolemia","volume":"20","author":"Aggoun","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000125412.50839.b5","article-title":"Effects of amlodipine and lisinopril on intima-media thickness in previously untreated, elderly hypertensive patients (the ELVERA trial)","volume":"22","author":"Terpstra","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000039288.86470.DD","volume":"106","author":"Zanchetti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl254","article-title":"Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications","volume":"27","author":"Laurent","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000196964.24024.ea","article-title":"Carotid intima-media thickening indicates a higher vascular risk across a wide age range: prospective data from the Carotid Atherosclerosis Progression Study (CAPS)","volume":"37","author":"Lorenz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1161\/hy0102.099031","article-title":"Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of primary coronary events in hypertensive patients: a longitudinal study","volume":"39","author":"Boutouyrie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.3.331","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of statin therapy in children with familial hypercholesterolemia: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"292","author":"Wiegman","year":"2004","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2017.135","article-title":"Vascular ageing and cardiac maladaptation in growth restricted preterm infants","volume":"38","author":"Sehgal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174416000337","article-title":"Human fetal growth restriction: a cardiovascular journey through to adolescence","volume":"6","author":"Sehgal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dev Orig Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.99","article-title":"Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with persistent aortic wall thickening and glomerular proteinuria during infancy","volume":"80","author":"Zanardo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32834d0ca1","article-title":"The impact of birth weight on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in later life: the Enigma Study","volume":"29","author":"Miles","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.22.2601","article-title":"Local pulse pressure and regression of arterial wall hypertrophy during long-term antihypertensive treatment","volume":"101","author":"Boutouyrie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e698","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2472","article-title":"Impaired fetal growth and arterial wall thickening: a randomized trial of omega-3 supplementation","volume":"129","author":"Skilton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.01030","article-title":"High intake of dietary long chain omega-3 fatty acids is associated with lower blood pressure in children born with low birth weight: NHANES 2003\u20132008","volume":"61","author":"Skilton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.182","article-title":"Influence of breastfeeding and postnatal nutrition on cardiovascular remodelling induced by fetal growth restriction","volume":"79","author":"Rodriguez-Lopez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1001714","article-title":"Effect of the renin\u2013angiotensin system on the vessel wall: using ACE inhibition to improve endothelial function","volume":"18","author":"Neutel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hum Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200363991-00002","article-title":"Arterial stiffness, wave reflections and myocardial protection: the REASON project","volume":"63","author":"London","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.133041","article-title":"Blood pressure variables and cardiovascular risk: new findings from ADVANCE","volume":"54","author":"Kengne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.4330\/wjc.v7.i11.742","article-title":"Therapeutic modification of arterial stiffness: an update and comprehensive review","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2006.10.021","article-title":"ACE inhibition with perindopril and endothelial function. Results of a sub-study of the EUROPA study: PERTINENT","volume":"73","author":"Ceconi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-007-6041-3","article-title":"ACE inhibition and endothelial function: main findings of PERFECT, a sub-study of the EUROPA trial","volume":"21","author":"Bots","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.25.4.699","article-title":"Comparison of effects of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition and beta-blockade for 2 years on function of small arteries from hypertensive patients","volume":"25","author":"Schiffrin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.25.4.474","article-title":"Effect of antihypertensive treatment on small arteries of patients with previously untreated essential hypertension","volume":"25","author":"Thybo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib60","first-page":"174","article-title":"Perindopril chronically inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme in both the endothelium and adventitia of the internal mammary artery in patients with ischemic heart disease","volume":"96","author":"Zhuo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2981","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.23.2981","article-title":"Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)","volume":"288","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13821","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13821","article-title":"ACE inhibition for severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia-An approach based on physiology","volume":"6","author":"Sehgal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000181373.29290.80","article-title":"Preterm birth contributes to increased vascular resistance and higher blood pressure in adolescent girls","volume":"58","author":"Bonamy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.025999","article-title":"Relation of arterial stiffness with gestational age and birth weight","volume":"89","author":"Cheung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2012.161","article-title":"Brain renin\u2013angiotensin system in the nexus of hypertension and aging","volume":"36","author":"Arnold","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2019.01.004","article-title":"Angiotensin II and vascular damage in hypertension: role of oxidative stress and sympathetic activation","volume":"115","author":"Masi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vascul Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20171550","article-title":"Fetal programming and the angiotensin-(1-7) axis: a review of the experimental and clinical data","volume":"133","author":"South","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000251865.35728.2f","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1-7) through receptor Mas mediates endothelial nitric oxide synthase activation via Akt-dependent pathways","volume":"49","author":"Sampaio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2017.02.001","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1\u20137)-dependent vasorelaxation of the renal artery exhibits unique angiotensin and bradykinin receptor selectivity","volume":"90","author":"Yousif","year":"2017","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1994.tb14014.x","article-title":"Natriuretic action of angiotensin (1\u20137)","volume":"111","author":"DelliPizzi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.37.1.72","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1-7)-stimulated nitric oxide and superoxide release from endothelial cells","volume":"37","author":"Heitsch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.5.e1","article-title":"A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9","volume":"87","author":"Donoghue","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.31.1.362","article-title":"Metabolism of angiotensin-(1\u20137) by angiotensin-converting enzyme","volume":"31","author":"Chappell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hps090","article-title":"Predominance of AT1 blockade over Mas\u2013mediated angiotensin-(1\u20137) mechanisms in the regulation of blood pressure and renin\u2013angiotensin system in mRen2.Lewis rats","volume":"26","author":"Varagic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R804","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00725.2006","article-title":"Placental insufficiency results in temporal alterations in the renin angiotensin system in male hypertensive growth restricted offspring","volume":"293","author":"Grigore","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-017-0004-2","article-title":"Roles of angiotensin II type 2 receptor in mice with fetal growth restriction","volume":"41","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertens Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.124339","article-title":"Alterations in circulatory and renal angiotensin-converting enzyme and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in fetal programmed hypertension","volume":"53","author":"Shaltout","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2013.03.018","article-title":"Fetal betamethasone exposure attenuates angiotensin-(1-7)-Mas receptor expression in the dorsal medulla of adult sheep","volume":"44","author":"Marshall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R679","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00321.2013","article-title":"Antenatal betamethasone exposure is associated with lower ANG-(1\u20137) and increased ACE in the CSF of adult sheep","volume":"305","author":"Marshall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1056","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00593.2016","article-title":"Antenatal betamethasone attenuates the angiotensin-(1\u20137)-Mas receptor-nitric oxide axis in isolated proximal tubule cells","volume":"312","author":"Su","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F1268","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00047.2015","article-title":"Antenatal glucocorticoid treatment alters Na+ uptake in renal proximal tubule cells from adult offspring in a sex-specific manner","volume":"308","author":"Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15884","article-title":"Consensus definition of fetal growth restriction: a Delphi procedure","volume":"48","author":"Gordijn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.004","article-title":"Evidence-based national guidelines for the management of suspected fetal growth restriction: comparison, consensus, and controversy","volume":"218","author":"McCowan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20070284","article-title":"Circulating renin\u2013angiotensin system and catecholamines in childhood: is there a role for birthweight?","volume":"114","author":"Franco","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.09.058","article-title":"Obesity is associated with higher blood pressure and higher levels of angiotensin II but lower angiotensin-(1-7) in adolescents born preterm","volume":"205","author":"South","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2016.179","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in adolescents born preterm","volume":"81","author":"South","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2092","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001801","article-title":"Association between preterm birth and the renin\u2212angiotensin system in adolescence: influence of sex and obesity","volume":"36","author":"South","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-018-4050-z","article-title":"Renal function and blood pressure are altered in adolescents born preterm","volume":"34","author":"South","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib89","first-page":"298","article-title":"Individuals born preterm have an increased rate of hypertension from adolescence to adulthood [abstract]","volume":"30","author":"South","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2016.1179283","article-title":"Therapeutic uses for angiotensin-(1-7)","volume":"26","author":"Machado-Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Pat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2009.01.014","article-title":"Soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in human heart failure: relation with myocardial function and clinical outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Epelman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-017-2471-9","article-title":"Stabilization of Angiotensin-(1\u20137) by key substitution with a cyclic non-natural amino acid","volume":"49","author":"Wester","year":"2017","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.01814","article-title":"Angiotensin-(1\u20137)\u2013induced renal vasodilation in hypertensive humans is attenuated by low sodium intake and angiotensin II co-infusion","volume":"62","author":"van Twist","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200111000-00010","article-title":"Angiotensin (1-7) potentiates bradykinin-induced vasodilatation in man","volume":"19","author":"Ueda","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R780","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00273.2017","article-title":"Feasibility of phase-contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging for measuring blood flow in the sheep fetus","volume":"317","author":"Duan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib96","first-page":"R1123","article-title":"Improving pregnancy outcomes in humans through studies in sheep","volume":"315","author":"Morrison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol RIC"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.07.028","article-title":"Cardiovascular responses to maternal betamethasone administration in the intrauterine growth-restricted ovine fetus","volume":"201","author":"Miller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R151","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00036.2014","article-title":"Impact of chronic hypoxemia on blood flow to the brain, heart, and adrenal gland in the late-gestation IUGR sheep fetus","volume":"308","author":"Poudel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.199356","article-title":"Prenatal programming of hypertension induces sympathetic over activity in response to physical stress","volume":"61","author":"Mizuno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib100","first-page":"R306","article-title":"Restriction of placental function alters heart development in the sheep fetus","volume":"293","author":"Morrison","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000531","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000531","article-title":"Chronic hypoxemia in late gestation decreases cardiomyocyte number but does not change expression of hypoxia-responsive genes","volume":"28","author":"Botting","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174417000381","article-title":"Small size at birth predicts decreased cardiomyocyte number in the adult ovine heart","volume":"8","author":"Vranas","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dev Orig Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R48","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00180.2017","article-title":"IUGR decreases cardiomyocyte endowment and alters cardiac metabolism in a sex- and cause-of-IUGR-specific manner","volume":"315","author":"Botting","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R81","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-17-0039","article-title":"Akt signalling as a mediator of cardiac adaptation to low birth weight","volume":"233","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R627","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00346.2014","article-title":"IGF-2R-Galphaq signalling and cardiac hypertrophy in the low-birth-weight lamb","volume":"308","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5155","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005155","article-title":"Hypoxia induces dilated cardiomyopathy in the chick embryo: mechanism, intervention, and long-term consequences","volume":"4","author":"Tintu","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.709717","article-title":"Fetal hemodynamic adaptive changes related to intrauterine growth: the Generation R Study","volume":"117","author":"Verburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14251","article-title":"Placental histopathology in preterm fetal growth restriction","volume":"55","author":"Sehgal","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ch Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-5629(95)00016-K","article-title":"Assessment of fetal left cardiac isovolumic relaxation time in appropriate and small-for gestational-age fetuses","volume":"21","author":"Tsyvian","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000338003","article-title":"Fetal cardiac function: technical considerations and potential research and clinical applications","volume":"32","author":"Crispi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000330792","article-title":"Evaluation of conventional Doppler fetal cardiac function parameters: E\/A ratios, outflow tracts, and myocardial performance index","volume":"32","author":"Hernandez-Andrade","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.080523","article-title":"Restriction of placental growth results in greater hypotensive response to a-adrenergic blockade in fetal sheep during late gestation","volume":"563","author":"Danielson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271091","article-title":"Fetal in\u00a0vivo continuous cardiovascular function during chronic hypoxia","volume":"594","author":"Allison","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.897ab.x","article-title":"Restriction of placental and fetal growth in sheep alters fetal blood pressure responses to angiotensin II and captopril","volume":"515","author":"Edwards","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2020.01.080","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory consequences of intrauterine growth restriction: influence of timing, severity and duration of hypoxaemia","volume":"150","author":"Darby","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6795.166","article-title":"Increased birth weight in northerly islands: is \ufb01sh consumption a red herring?","volume":"303","author":"Harper","year":"1991","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90055-3","article-title":"Intake of marine fat, rich in (n-3)-polyunsaturated fatty acids, may increase birthweight by prolonging gestation","volume":"2","author":"Olsen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198803033180905","article-title":"Cardiovascular effects of n-3 fatty acids","volume":"318","author":"Leaf","year":"1988","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(12)90845-5","article-title":"Effects of fish oil supplementation in the third trimester of pregnancy on prostacyclin and thromboxane production","volume":"168","author":"Sorensen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90533-9","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of effect of \ufb01sh-oil supplementation on pregnancy duration","volume":"339","author":"Olsen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/1.4.335","article-title":"Glomeruli and blood pressure. Less of one, more the other?","volume":"1","author":"Brenner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00018.x","article-title":"Glomerular number and size in autopsy kidneys: the relationship to birth weight","volume":"63","author":"Hughson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.042408","article-title":"Reduced nephron number in adult sheep, hypertensive as a result of prenatal glucocorticoid treatment","volume":"549","author":"Wintour","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R309","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.90645.2008","article-title":"Gender differences in the effects of antenatal betamethasone exposure on renal function in adult sheep","volume":"296","author":"Tang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719109351098","article-title":"Differential effects of clinical doses of antenatal betamethasone on nephron endowment and glomerular filtration rate in adult sheep","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.0590051663.x","article-title":"Effect of prenatal dexamethasone on rat development","volume":"59","author":"Ortiz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-016-1086-3","article-title":"The magnitude of nephron number reduction mediates intrauterine growth-restriction-induced long term chronic renal disease in the rat. A comparative study in two experimental models","volume":"14","author":"Boubred","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000257196.13485.9b","article-title":"Size at birth and autonomic function during psychological stress","volume":"49","author":"Jones","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-017-3586-7","article-title":"Blood pressure and heart rate during stress in children born small for gestational age","volume":"32","author":"Pirojsakul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F235","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00288.2009","article-title":"Role of the kidney in the prenatal and early postnatal programming of hypertension","volume":"298","author":"Baum","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-016-3359-8","article-title":"Role of renal sympathetic nerve activity in prenatal programming of hypertension","volume":"33","author":"Baum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R334","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00887.2006","article-title":"Prenatal high-salt diet in the Sprague-Dawley rat programs blood pressure and heart rate hyper-responsiveness to stress in adult female offspring","volume":"293","author":"Porter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000153319.20340.2a","article-title":"Renal denervation abolishes hypertension in low birth weight offspring from pregnant rats with reduced uterine perfusion","volume":"45","author":"Alexander","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.00645","article-title":"Renal denervation abolishes the age-dependent increase in blood pressure in female intrauterine growth-restricted rats at 12 months of age","volume":"61","author":"Intapad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F29","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00123.2008","article-title":"Effect of renal denervation on prenatal programming of hypertension and renal tubular transporter abundance","volume":"295","author":"Dagan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000305","article-title":"Maternal epigenetics and fetal and neonatal growth","volume":"24","author":"Kitsiou-Tzeli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12270","article-title":"Low birth weight activates the renin-angiotensin system, but limits cardiac angiogenesis in early postnatal life","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2772","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-154294","article-title":"Peri-conceptional undernutrition in normal and overweight ewes leads to increased adrenal growth and epigenetic changes in adrenal IGF2\/H19 gene in offspring","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.6.1382","article-title":"Dietary protein restriction of pregnant rats induces and folic acid supplementation prevents epigenetic modification of hepatic gene expression in the offspring","volume":"135","author":"Lillycrop","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719110385134","article-title":"Antenatal maternal hypoxic stress: adaptations in fetal lung Renin-Angiotensin system","volume":"18","author":"Goyal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.6.1235","article-title":"Fetal origins of adult disease: strength of effects and biological basis","volume":"31","author":"Barker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000258855.60637.58","article-title":"Epigenetic modification of the renin-angiotensin system in the fetal programming of hypertension","volume":"100","author":"Bogdarina","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H137","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00618.2015","article-title":"Biochemical evaluation of the renin-angiotensin system: the good, bad, and absolute?","volume":"310","author":"Chappell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.106.085597","article-title":"Childhood growth and hypertension in later life","volume":"49","author":"Eriksson Johan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1113\/JP273825","article-title":"Uteroplacental insufficiency reduces rat plasma leptin concentrations and alters placental leptin transporters: ameliorated with enhanced milk intake and nutrition","volume":"595","author":"Briffa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.150482","article-title":"Lower systolic blood pressure at age 7 y in low-birth-weight children who received iron supplements in infancy: results from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"106","author":"Lindberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000066","volume":"71","author":"Whelton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20171904","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1904","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for screening and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents","volume":"140","author":"Flynn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000055780.21222.96","article-title":"Self-perpetuating effects of birth size on blood pressure levels in elderly people","volume":"41","author":"Yliharsila","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1161\/hy0102.100545","article-title":"Associations between birthweight and antihypertensive medication in black and white Medicaid recipients","volume":"39","author":"Lackland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347620306144?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347620306144?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T09:05:23Z","timestamp":1758359123000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022347620306144"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":150,"alternative-id":["S0022347620306144"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fetal Growth Restriction and Hypertension in the Offspring: Mechanistic Links and Therapeutic Directions","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pediatrics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.05.028","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}