{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T11:33:46Z","timestamp":1792064026735,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81973063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81973063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81560532"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81560532"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpeds.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,6]],"date-time":"2020-10-06T22:02:44Z","timestamp":1602021764000},"page":"183-189.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Association of Anemia with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Children"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"228","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4786-1516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhan","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buyun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda G.","family":"Snetselaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5870-8843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lane","family":"Strathearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30376-5","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"4","author":"Thapar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20190811","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-0811","article-title":"Prevalence and trends of developmental disabilities among children in the United States: 2009-2017","volume":"144","author":"Zablotsky","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e3283564248","article-title":"The care burden of families with members having intellectual and developmental disorder: a review of the recent literature","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.09.011","article-title":"Living on higher ground reduces child neurodevelopment\u2014evidence from South America","volume":"162","author":"Wehby","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(13)70001-9","article-title":"Global, regional, and national trends in haemoglobin concentration and prevalence of total and severe anaemia in children and pregnant and non-pregnant women for 1995-2011: a systematic analysis of population-representative data","volume":"1","author":"Stevens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S72491","article-title":"Iron deficiency and cognitive functions","volume":"10","author":"J\u00e1uregui-Lobera","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2006.08.004","article-title":"Iron deficiency and brain development","volume":"13","author":"Lozoff","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-019-01276-1","article-title":"Iron deficiency, cognitive functions, and neurobehavioral disorders in children","volume":"68","author":"Pivina","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.155846","article-title":"Iron assessment to protect the developing brain","volume":"106","author":"Georgieff","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12118","article-title":"Iron-deficiency anemia in infancy and poorer cognitive inhibitory control at age 10 years","volume":"55","author":"Algar\u00edn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e533","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000533","article-title":"Anemia of inflammation is related to cognitive impairment among children in Leyte, the Philippines","volume":"3","author":"Olson","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190521","article-title":"Anemia in association with cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"72","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Alzheimer's Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60865-0","article-title":"Iron deficiency anaemia","volume":"387","author":"Lopez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2014.07.003","article-title":"Iron and mechanisms of emotional behavior","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Nutri Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(02)00092-X","article-title":"Neurobehavioral analysis of developmental iron deficiency in rats","volume":"134","author":"Beard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1691","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22004","article-title":"Temporal manipulation of transferrin-receptor 1-dependent iron uptake identifies a sensitive period in mouse hippocampal neurodevelopment","volume":"22","author":"Fretham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-13-161","article-title":"Association between psychiatric disorders and iron deficiency anemia among children and adolescents: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib18","first-page":"1","article-title":"Design and estimation for the National Health Interview Survey, 2006-2015","volume":"165","author":"Parsons","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat 2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib19","first-page":"1","article-title":"Design and estimation for the National Health Interview Survey, 1995-2004","volume":"130","author":"Botman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat 2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"370","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib21","first-page":"1","article-title":"Estimated prevalence of autism and other developmental disabilities following questionnaire changes in the 2014 National Health Interview Survey","volume":"87","author":"Zablotsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Natl Health Stat Report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-2989","article-title":"Trends in the prevalence of developmental disabilities in US children, 1997-2008","volume":"127","author":"Boyle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib23","article-title":"Infant iron deficiency, iron supplementation, and psychosocial stress as predictors of neurocognitive development in Chilean adolescents","author":"Doom","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutr Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60555-2","article-title":"Inequality in early childhood: risk and protective factors for early child development","volume":"378","author":"Walker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.12.008","article-title":"Infant iron deficiency and iron supplementation predict adolescent internalizing, externalizing, and social problems","volume":"195","author":"Doom","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e406","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-0283","article-title":"Developmental function in toddlers with sickle cell anemia","volume":"131","author":"Armstrong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1080\/09297049.2018.1526272","article-title":"Associations of transcranial Doppler velocity, age, and gender with cognitive function in children with sickle cell anemia in Nigeria","volume":"25","author":"Prussien","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vitamin B12 and haemoglobin levels may be related with ADHD symptoms: a study in Turkish children with ADHD","volume":"4","author":"Unal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib29","first-page":"108","article-title":"Effect of methylphenidate and folic acid on ADHD symptoms and quality of life and aggression: a randomized double blind placebo controlled clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Ghanizadeh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Iran J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S91581","article-title":"Frequency of anemia in chronic psychiatry patients","volume":"11","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2019.2309","article-title":"Association of prenatal maternal anemia with neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"76","author":"Wiegersma","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.570376","article-title":"Brain iron levels in attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot MRI study","volume":"13","author":"Cortese","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.49","article-title":"MRI estimation of global brain oxygen consumption rate","volume":"30","author":"Jain","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dmm037127","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.037127","article-title":"Hypoxia and connectivity in the developing vertebrate nervous system","volume":"11","author":"Bonkowsky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/63.6.997","article-title":"The role of nutrition in the development of normal cognition","volume":"63","author":"Kretchmer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2009.02182.x","article-title":"Lower maternal folate status in early pregnancy is associated with childhood hyperactivity and peer problems in offspring","volume":"51","author":"Schlotz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib37","first-page":"CD004514","article-title":"Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people","volume":"4","author":"Malouf","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.1381","article-title":"Association of prenatal exposure to population-wide folic acid fortification with altered cerebral cortex maturation in youths","volume":"75","author":"Eryilmaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2019.09.023","article-title":"The human-specific BOLA2 duplication modifies iron homeostasis and anemia predisposition in chromosome 16p11.2 autism individuals","volume":"105","author":"Giannuzzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2004677","article-title":"Effect of iron supplementation on mental and motor development in children: systematic review of randomised controlled trials","volume":"8","author":"Sachdev","year":"2005","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0155-1","article-title":"Glutamate and GABA in autism spectrum disorder\u2014a translational magnetic resonance spectroscopy study in man and rodent models","volume":"8","author":"Horder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-018-1136-9","article-title":"The use of multi-parametric biomarker profiles may increase the accuracy of ASD prediction","volume":"66","author":"Hassan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib43","first-page":"234","article-title":"Event related potentials in anemic school-going girls of age group 8 to 10 years","volume":"55","author":"Bandhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e336","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2525","article-title":"An event-related potential study of attention and recognition memory in infants with iron deficiency anemia","volume":"120","author":"Burden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12127","article-title":"What do we know about the long-term cognitive effects of iron-deficiency anemia in infancy?","volume":"55","author":"Alloway","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-19096-x","article-title":"Peripheral iron levels in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Tseng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.4103\/aam.aam_17_17","article-title":"Iron and vitamin D levels among autism spectrum disorders children","volume":"16","author":"Bener","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Afr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2019.00708","article-title":"Systematic review: overlap between eating, autism spectrum, and\u00a0attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder","volume":"10","author":"Nickel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.142323","article-title":"Predictors of anemia in preschool children: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) project","volume":"106","author":"Engle-Stone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence of children aged 3-17 years with developmental disabilities, by urbanicity: United States, 2015-2018","volume":"139","author":"Zablotsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Natl Health Stat Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib51","first-page":"1","article-title":"Estimated prevalence of children with diagnosed developmental disabilities in the United States, 2014-2016","volume":"291","author":"Zablotsky","year":"2017","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2015.3065","article-title":"Association between atopic disease and anemia in US children","volume":"170","author":"Drury","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347620311720?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347620311720?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T09:06:04Z","timestamp":1758359164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022347620311720"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0022347620311720"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association of Anemia with Neurodevelopmental Disorders in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Children","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pediatrics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.09.039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}