{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T07:10:43Z","timestamp":1787987443006,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]],"date-time":"2022-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664582400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpeds.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T11:15:50Z","timestamp":1656328550000},"page":"59-66.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Changes in Spina Bifida Lesion Level after Folic Acid Fortification in the US"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"249","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7300-0672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cara T.","family":"Mai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clinton J.","family":"Alverson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Flood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirini","family":"Nestoridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Denson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olufunmilola","family":"Adisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia A.","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Nance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Zielke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane H.","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Ethen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Isenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell S.","family":"Kirby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Updated estimates of neural tube defects prevented by mandatory folic acid fortification\u2014United States, 1995-2011","volume":"64","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.10060","article-title":"Prevalence of spina bifida and anencephaly during the transition to mandatory folic acid fortification in the United States","volume":"66","author":"Williams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20485","article-title":"Spina bifida before and after folic acid fortification in Canada","volume":"82","author":"De Wals","year":"2008","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2015.11.007","article-title":"Folic acid supplementation influences the distribution of neural tube defect subtypes: a registry-based study","volume":"59","author":"Bergman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1221","article-title":"Postfolate spina bifida lesion level change","volume":"110","author":"Eldridge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.6423","article-title":"Role of prenatal ultrasound in predicting survival and mental and motor functioning in children with spina bifida","volume":"34","author":"Van Der Vossen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2009.03543.x","article-title":"Expectation of life and unexpected death in open spina bifida: a 40-year complete, non-selective, longitudinal cohort study","volume":"52","author":"Oakeshott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.7.FOCUS19462","article-title":"Reviewing the prognostic factors in myelomeningocele","volume":"47","author":"Protzenko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199414060-00005","article-title":"Walking ability in spina bifida patients: a model for predicting future ambulatory status based on sitting balance and motor level","volume":"14","author":"Swank","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2012.06.002","article-title":"Congenital spinal cord anomalies: a pictorial review","volume":"42","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Probl Diagn Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20092","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology of lipomyelomeningocele, Hawaii, 1986-2001","volume":"70","author":"Forrester","year":"2004","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20418","article-title":"Impact of folic acid food fortification on the birth prevalence of lipomyelomeningocele in Canada","volume":"82","author":"De Wals","year":"2008","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1589","article-title":"National population-based estimates for major birth defects, 2010-2014","volume":"111","author":"Mai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib14","first-page":"827","article-title":"Clinical, genetic, and epidemiological factors in neural tube defects","volume":"43","author":"Hall","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420440508","article-title":"Heterogeneity of neural tube defects in Europe: the significance of site of defect and presence of other major anomalies in relation to geographic differences in prevalence","volume":"44","author":"Dolk","year":"1991","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116470","article-title":"Is there etiologic heterogeneity between upper and lower neural tube defects?","volume":"136","author":"Park","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420490210","article-title":"Epidemiologic characteristics of phenotypically distinct neural tube defects among 0.7 million California births, 1983-1987","volume":"49","author":"Shaw","year":"1994","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199704)55:4<224::AID-TERA2>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Heterogeneity of spina bifida","volume":"55","author":"Blatter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.45.1.52","article-title":"Prevalence of neural tube defects in 20 regions of Europe and the impact of prenatal diagnosis, 1980-1986","volume":"45","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2018.7075","article-title":"Trends in multivitamin use among women of reproductive age: United States, 2006-2016","volume":"28","author":"Wong","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23086","article-title":"Pregnancy termination following prenatal diagnosis of anencephaly or spina bifida: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"94","author":"Johnson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.11.234","article-title":"Fetal myelomeningocele closure: outcomes from the fMMC consortium registry sponsored by NAFTNet","volume":"220","author":"Moldenhauer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199802)57:2<56::AID-TERA3>3.0.CO;2-4","article-title":"Associated malformations in infants and fetuses with upper or lower neural tube defects","volume":"57","author":"K\u00e4li\u00e9n","year":"1998","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20062","article-title":"Neural tube defects and associated anomalies in South Carolina","volume":"70","author":"Stevenson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.36324","article-title":"A description of spina bifida cases and co-occurring malformations, 1976-2011","volume":"164A","author":"Parker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347622005972?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347622005972?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T09:13:44Z","timestamp":1758359624000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022347622005972"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["S0022347622005972"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Changes in Spina Bifida Lesion Level after Folic Acid Fortification in the US","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pediatrics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2022.06.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}