{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T06:27:04Z","timestamp":1793600824231,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"HRSA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1IMC43532"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1IMC43532"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000102","name":"HRSA","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1IMC45814"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1IMC45814"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007921","name":"University of Pittsburgh","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000016","name":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000016","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010554","name":"University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004049","name":"Pittsburgh Emergency Medicine Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0061488"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0061488"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpeds.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T16:05:03Z","timestamp":1774713903000},"page":"115088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Using Vital Signs to Predict Disposition of Children Transported to the Hospital by Emergency Medical Services"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"294","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1389-5726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sriram","family":"Ramgopal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Macy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Horvat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca E.","family":"Cash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Okubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Janofsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Martin-Gill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-3308","article-title":"Pediatric readiness in emergency medical services systems","volume":"145","author":"Owusu-Ansah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.14837","article-title":"Establishing outcome-driven vital signs ranges for children in the prehospital setting","volume":"31","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2024-214402","article-title":"Prehospital vital sign abnormalities and in-hospital outcomes in children","volume":"42","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31826cac31","article-title":"Does a prehospital Glasgow Coma Scale score predict pediatric outcomes?","volume":"28","author":"Nesiama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2024.2333493","article-title":"Prehospital and emergency department vital sign abnormalities among injured children","volume":"29","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211580","article-title":"Predicting in-hospital mortality among non-trauma patients based on vital sign changes between prehospital and in-hospital: an observational cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Kamikawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2019.08.028","article-title":"Pre-hospital shock index correlates with transfusion, resource utilization and mortality; the role of patient first vitals","volume":"218","author":"Jehan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.28128","article-title":"Prehospital early warning scores to predict mortality in patients using ambulances","volume":"6","author":"Lindskou","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1140","article-title":"Prediction of critical illness during out-of-hospital emergency care","volume":"304","author":"Seymour","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62226-X","article-title":"Normal ranges of heart rate and respiratory rate in children from birth to 18 years of age: a systematic review of observational studies","volume":"377","author":"Fleming","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib11","series-title":"The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2022.09.002","article-title":"Clinician and caregiver determinations of acuity for children transported by emergency medical services: a prospective observational study","volume":"81","author":"Ward","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Paramedic-Identified enablers of and barriers to pediatric seizure management: a multicenter, qualitative study","volume":"81","author":"Carey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31823a3e73","article-title":"Pediatric educational needs assessment for urban and rural emergency medical technicians","volume":"27","author":"Fleischman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1067\/mem.2000.107662","article-title":"Survey of nationally registered emergency medical services providers: pediatric education","volume":"36","author":"Glaeser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amj.2013.09.003","article-title":"Identification of dynamic prehospital changes with continuous vital signs acquisition","volume":"33","author":"Hu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Air Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1080\/10903120902935298","article-title":"Exploration of prehospital vital sign trends for the prediction of trauma outcomes","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X2000028X","article-title":"Prehospital vital signs accurately predict initial emergency department vital signs","volume":"35","author":"Schellenberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prehospital Disaster Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2013.3128","article-title":"Prehospital heart rate and blood pressure increase the positive predictive value of the Glasgow Coma Scale for high-mortality traumatic brain injury","volume":"31","author":"Reisner","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2022.09.019","article-title":"Empirically derived age-based vital signs for children in the out-of-hospital setting","volume":"81","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/emp2.12915","article-title":"Age-based centiles for diastolic blood pressure among children in the out-of-hospital emergency setting","volume":"4","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACEP Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e791","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000002355","article-title":"Pediatric patients brought by emergency medical services to the emergency department: an analysis from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey","volume":"38","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocab204","article-title":"An atomic approach to the design and implementation of a research data warehouse","volume":"29","author":"Visweswaran","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2014.0679","article-title":"The child opportunity index: improving collaboration between community development and public health","volume":"33","author":"Acevedo-Garcia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Health Aff"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib27","first-page":"1","article-title":"External validation of empirically derived vital signs in children and comparison to other vital signs classification criteria","volume":"28","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2024-066168","article-title":"Comparing AVPU and Glasgow coma scales among children seen by emergency medical services","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Completeness of pediatric versus adult patient assessment documentation in the National Emergency Medical Services Information System","volume":"28","author":"Cercone","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2015.10.001","article-title":"Documentation of pediatric vital signs by EMS providers over time","volume":"51","author":"Hewes","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2023-007645","article-title":"Pediatric vital signs documentation in a nationally representative US emergency department sample","volume":"14","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hosp Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1761-8","article-title":"A readers' guide to the interpretation of diagnostic test properties: clinical example of sepsis","volume":"29","author":"Fischer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib34","article-title":"Children brought to the pediatric emergency department by emergency medical services: an evaluation of the PECARN registry","volume":"26","author":"Ramgopal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acad Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1080\/10903120802100167","article-title":"The epidemiology of emergency medical services use by children: an analysis of the national hospital ambulatory medical care survey","volume":"12","author":"Shah","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118432","article-title":"The precision-recall plot is more informative than the ROC plot when evaluating binary classifiers on imbalanced datasets","volume":"10","author":"Saito","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2356472","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.56472","article-title":"Comparison of vital sign cutoffs to identify children with major trauma","volume":"7","author":"Gorski","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09271-0","article-title":"The association between prehospital vital signs of children and their critical clinical outcomes at hospitals","volume":"12","author":"Kurosawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2019.1645924","article-title":"Validity of the pediatric early warning score and the bedside pediatric early warning score in classifying patients who require the resources of a higher level pediatric hospital","volume":"24","author":"Studnek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000003425","article-title":"Emergency medical services clinician accuracy using the pediatric observation priority Score","volume":"41","author":"Ward","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2025.2477213","article-title":"Emergency Medical Services (EMS) clinician perspectives on the Pediatric Observation Priority Score (POPS)","volume":"29","author":"Ward","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A12","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2011-200617.28","article-title":"Determining the effect of objective and subjective criteria on a risk assessment tool in a Children's Emergency Department","volume":"28","author":"Roland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1080\/10903129808958868","article-title":"Prehospital interventions in children","volume":"2","author":"Reisdorff","year":"1998","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000003131","article-title":"Prevalence of low-acuity pediatric emergency medical services transports to a pediatric emergency department in an urban area","volume":"40","author":"Ward","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347626001162?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347626001162?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T05:34:22Z","timestamp":1793597662000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022347626001162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0022347626001162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Using Vital Signs to Predict Disposition of Children Transported to the Hospital by Emergency Medical Services","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pediatrics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115088","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115088"}}