{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:01:37Z","timestamp":1790798497771,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018553","name":"Chuck Noll Foundation for Brain Injury Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpeds.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T06:00:47Z","timestamp":1788760847000},"page":"115310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Associations between Saliva-Based Biomarkers and Pediatric Concussion Subtypes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"300","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0663-7320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron J.","family":"Zynda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael W.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8149-3609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cyndi L.","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne E.","family":"Mozel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6717-4270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina L.","family":"Master","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristy B.","family":"Arbogast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarka","family":"Southern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony P.","family":"Kontos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967116662458","article-title":"The rise of concussions in the adolescent population","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.1092","article-title":"Optimal recovery following pediatric concussion","volume":"8","author":"Beauchamp","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2011.07.015","article-title":"Concussion in the pediatric and adolescent population: \"different population, different concerns\"","volume":"3","author":"Karlin","year":"2011","journal-title":"PM R"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000573","article-title":"Sport-related concussion clinical profiles: clinical characteristics, targeted treatments, and preliminary evidence","volume":"18","author":"Kontos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz332","article-title":"Concussion Guidelines step 2: evidence for subtype classification","volume":"86","author":"Lumba-Brown","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010351","article-title":"Symptom burden and profiles in concussed children with and without prolonged recovery","volume":"17","author":"Schilling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-106898","article-title":"Consensus statement on concussion in sport: the 6th International Conference on Concussion in Sport\u2013Amsterdam, October 2022","volume":"57","author":"Patricios","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-3074","article-title":"Sport-Related concussion in children and adolescents","volume":"142","author":"Halstead","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2915","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-025-02256-9","article-title":"Clinical utility of the sport concussion office assessment tool 6 (SCOAT6) and other select multidomain assessments for subacute sport-related concussion","volume":"55","author":"Kontos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.4103\/jets.jets_76_24","article-title":"Updated review of neurologic concussion biomarkers for time-sensitive point-of-care testing","volume":"18","author":"Kurup","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Emerg Trauma Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2545","article-title":"Systematic review of clinical research on biomarkers for pediatric traumatic brain injury","volume":"30","author":"Papa","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.9","article-title":"Biomarkers of mild traumatic brain injury in cerebrospinal fluid and blood","volume":"9","author":"Zetterberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2017.04.007","article-title":"Consensus guidelines for lumbar puncture in patients with neurological diseases","volume":"8","author":"Engelborghs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (Amst)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-025-01088-8","article-title":"Biomarkers and clinical rules for the management of mild traumatic brain injury: a narrative review","volume":"19","author":"Salgado","year":"2026","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib15","article-title":"Review on the role of salivary biomarkers in the diagnosis of mild traumatic brain injury and post-concussion syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Mavroudis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s40291-021-00569-9","article-title":"Salivary biomarkers as indicators of TBI diagnosis and prognosis: a systematic review","volume":"26","author":"Porteny","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Diagn Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.17219\/acem\/206004","article-title":"Potential salivary protein biomarkers for the identification of mild traumatic brain injury: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Fabiyi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/s40291-023-00684-9","article-title":"Saliva collection methods among children and adolescents: a scoping review","volume":"28","author":"Fey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Diagn Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.3390\/bios13020206","article-title":"Salivary diagnostics in pediatrics and the status of saliva-based biosensors","volume":"13","author":"Min","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biosensors (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib20","article-title":"Peripheral blood and salivary biomarkers of blood-brain barrier permeability and neuronal damage: clinical and applied concepts","volume":"11","author":"Janigro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-022-00329-9","article-title":"Diagnostic biomarker kinetics: how brain-derived biomarkers distribute through the human body, and how this affects their diagnostic significance: the case of S100B","volume":"19","author":"Murcko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2023.2184867","article-title":"Salivary microRNA as a prospective tool for concussion diagnosis and management: a scoping review","volume":"37","author":"Campbell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2018.00290","article-title":"Salivary MicroRNAs: diagnostic markers of mild traumatic brain injury in contact-sport","volume":"11","author":"Di Pietro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5111","article-title":"Overlapping MicroRNA expression in saliva and cerebrospinal fluid accurately identifies pediatric traumatic brain injury","volume":"35","author":"Hicks","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.3884","article-title":"Association of salivary MicroRNA changes with prolonged concussion symptoms","volume":"172","author":"Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2021.08.003","article-title":"Refinement of saliva microRNA biomarkers for sports-related concussion","volume":"12","author":"Hicks","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14377","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.28139","article-title":"Potential biomarkers to detect traumatic brain injury by the profiling of salivary extracellular vesicles","volume":"234","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.266924","article-title":"Inflammation-related gene expression profiles of salivary extracellular vesicles in patients with head trauma","volume":"15","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1373","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000002050","article-title":"Role of salivary biomarkers in predicting significant traumatic brain injury: an exploratory study","volume":"37","author":"Yeung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3439","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-07241-0","article-title":"Salivary S100 calcium-binding protein beta (S100B) and neurofilament light (NfL) after acute exposure to repeated head impacts in collegiate water polo players","volume":"12","author":"Monroe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2023.03.036","article-title":"The American Congress of rehabilitation medicine diagnostic criteria for mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"104","author":"Silverberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2021.01.057","article-title":"Racial disparities in diagnosis of concussion and minor head trauma and mechanism of injury in pediatric patients visiting the emergency department","volume":"233","author":"Wallace","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0b013e3181d36ca3","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in functional, psychosocial, and neurobehavioral outcomes after brain injury","volume":"25","author":"Arango-Lasprilla","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Head Trauma Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026119331193","article-title":"A six-item short-form survey for measuring headache impact: the HIT-6","volume":"12","author":"Kosinski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.01916.x","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the ID Migraine: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Cousins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib36","series-title":"Technical Manual: Online ImPACT 2007-2012","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib37","article-title":"Responsiveness and clinically important differences of the PROMIS short form-depression 8a, anxiety 8a, and PASS-20 in individuals with chronic low back pain","volume":"9","author":"Phongsaphakjarukorn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pain Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A78.1","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097270.201","article-title":"To document false-positive scores on the sport concussion assessment tool (scat3) in high school athletes","volume":"51","author":"Covassin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1085662","article-title":"Targeted multidomain intervention for complex mTBI: protocol for a multisite randomized controlled trial in military-age civilians","volume":"14","author":"Elbin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2026.1317","article-title":"Targeted multidomain treatment for mild traumatic brain injury: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Kontos","year":"2026","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2479","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514543775","article-title":"A Brief Vestibular\/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) assessment to evaluate concussions: preliminary findings","volume":"42","author":"Mucha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2016.1085","article-title":"Association of football subconcussive head impacts with ocular near point of convergence","volume":"134","author":"Kawata","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.18867","article-title":"Determining near point of convergence: exploring a component of the Vestibular\/Ocular motor screen comparing varied target sizes","volume":"16","author":"Heick","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib44","series-title":"Integrating population outcomes, biological mechanisms and research methods in the Study of human milk and lactation","first-page":"183","article-title":"Cellular mechanism for milk-borne transmission of HIV and HTLV","author":"Southern","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib45","first-page":"328","article-title":"Milk-borne transmission of HIV. Characterization of productively infected cells in breast milk and interactions between milk and saliva","volume":"1","author":"Southern","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hum Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib46","series-title":"Health test for a broad spectrum of health problems United States patent 10,317,416","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib47","series-title":"Systems and methods for analyzing persistent homeostatic perturbations United States patent 8,518,649","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib48","series-title":"Health test for a broad spectrum of health problems. US Patent 9,874,573","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4252","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0500607102","article-title":"On the utility of pooling biological samples in microarray experiments","volume":"102","author":"Kendziorski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4378","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti717","article-title":"Effect of pooling samples on the efficiency of comparative studies using microarrays","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib51","series-title":"Health test for a broad spectrum of health problems. US patent 9,176,149","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib52","series-title":"Health test for a broad spectrum of health problems. US patent 10,705,097","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp053","article-title":"Testing significance relative to a fold-change threshold is a TREAT","volume":"25","author":"McCarthy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4238","article-title":"A min-max combination of biomarkers to improve diagnostic accuracy","volume":"30","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib55","series-title":"Biomarkers for traumatic brain injury","first-page":"333","article-title":"Chapter 23 - saliva biomarkers of traumatic brain injury","author":"Southern","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5214","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-32351-8","article-title":"Medial prefrontal cortex oxytocin mitigates epilepsy and cognitive impairments induced by traumatic brain injury through reducing neuroinflammation in mice","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2026.106293","article-title":"Oxytocin release modulates acute neuroinflammation and improves brain development after pediatric traumatic brain injury","volume":"133","author":"Knoop","year":"2026","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13248","article-title":"Intranasal oxytocin attenuates reactive and ongoing, chronic pain in a model of mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"58","author":"Meidahl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23010150","article-title":"Roles of oxytocin in stress responses, allostasis and resilience","volume":"23","author":"Takayanagi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib60","first-page":"1529","article-title":"Self-soothing behaviors with particular reference to oxytocin release induced by non-noxious sensory stimulation","volume":"5","author":"Uvn\u00e4s-Moberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00176","article-title":"Neuroendocrine abnormalities following traumatic brain injury: an important contributor to neuropsychiatric sequelae","volume":"9","author":"Molaie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.04.007","article-title":"Diurnal changes of salivary oxytocin in healthy and psychiatric adolescents","volume":"186","author":"Gizuterman","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2018.08.010","article-title":"Adolescent oxytocin response to stress and its behavioral and endocrine correlates","volume":"105","author":"Bernhard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-44831-8","article-title":"Relationship of oxytocin and cortisol response to psychosocial stress in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders","volume":"16","author":"Goetz","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-80194-8","article-title":"The association between salivary oxytocin, age, and puberty in children with and without OCD","volume":"14","author":"Mora-Jensen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-021-01693-1","article-title":"Neurofilament light chain in patients with a concussion or head impacts: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Karantali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1177\/08919887241254469","article-title":"Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker of global cognition in individuals with possible vascular mild cognitive impairment","volume":"38","author":"Gaur","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1517663","article-title":"Association of serum neurofilament light chain with cognitive impairment: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Original Research","volume":"17","author":"Meng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-016-0440-6","article-title":"The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in mild cognitive impairment","volume":"37","author":"Iyalomhe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20220272","DOI":"10.1515\/tnsci-2022-0272","article-title":"HIF-1\u03b1 participates in secondary brain injury through regulating neuroinflammation","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transl Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib71","first-page":"209","article-title":"c-Fos expression differentially acts in the healthy brain compared with alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"24","author":"Babaei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gene Expr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25094581","article-title":"The role of oxygen homeostasis and the HIF-1 factor in the development of neurodegeneration","volume":"25","author":"Mitroshina","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-022-00960-5","article-title":"Toll-like receptors and their role in neuropathic pain and migraine","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00233","article-title":"Vascular contributions to migraine: time to revisit?","volume":"12","author":"Mason","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1518776","article-title":"Evaluating NfL and NTproBNP as predictive biomarkers of intracranial injuries after mild traumatic brain injury in children presenting to emergency departments","volume":"16","author":"Chiollaz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15060660","article-title":"Inflammatory biomarkers of traumatic brain injury","volume":"15","author":"Johnson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.07.022","article-title":"Role of toll-like receptor mediated signaling in traumatic brain injury","volume":"145","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inat.2023.101947","article-title":"Trehalose: a promising new treatment for traumatic brain injury? A systematic review of animal evidence","volume":"36","author":"Ghorbani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Interdiscip Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-025-09220-y","article-title":"The effect of Trehalose on inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, clinical symptoms, and mortality in patients with head trauma in Iran: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial protocol","volume":"26","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.3.PEDS2267","article-title":"Characteristics of concussion subtypes from a multidomain assessment","volume":"30","author":"Eagle","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jox15020044","article-title":"Brain cytochrome P450: navigating neurological health and metabolic regulation","volume":"15","author":"Durairaj","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Xenobiot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.97105","article-title":"The current state of biomarkers of mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"3","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(99)00162-8","article-title":"Differential expression, activity and regulation of the sodium\/myo-inositol cotransporter in astrocyte cultures from different regions of the rat brain","volume":"39","author":"Lubrich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12070637","article-title":"The catalytic domain of neuropathy target esterase influences lipid droplet biogenesis and lipid metabolism in human neuroblastoma cells","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1080\/15287390309353769","article-title":"Biosensor detection of neuropathy target esterase in whole blood as a biomarker of exposure to neuropathic organophosphorus compounds","volume":"66","author":"Makhaeva","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2025.06.002","article-title":"The pathophysiology of concussive brain injury","volume":"45","author":"Shane","year":"2026","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310_bib87","series-title":"Health test for a broad spectrum of health problem. US Patent 12,360,122","year":"2025"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347626003380?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022347626003380?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:34:46Z","timestamp":1790796886000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022347626003380"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["S0022347626003380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3476"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3476","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Associations between Saliva-Based Biomarkers and Pediatric Concussion Subtypes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pediatrics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2026.115310","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115310"}}