{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:50:44Z","timestamp":1792144244966,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1TR004909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1TR004909"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR003107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR003107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008519","name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008519","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020523","name":"United States Drug Enforcement Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15DDHQ20N00000008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15DDHQ20N00000008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020523","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020523","name":"United States Drug Enforcement Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15DDHQ24A00000020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15DDHQ24A00000020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020523","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jpet.aspetjournals.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T15:50:46Z","timestamp":1790610646000},"page":"105039","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Locomotor stimulant and methamphetamine-like interoceptive effects of putative impurity N-ethyl-methamphetamine in rodents: Role of Phase I metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"393","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1428-2400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brenda M.","family":"Gannon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9132-8201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin M.","family":"Pressley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andriy","family":"Fomin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4572-7819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sierra","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1600-2894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah E.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8539-4662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melinda G.","family":"Gunnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel L.","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4868-8913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Avram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Prioleau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffery H.","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9964-1593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William E.","family":"Fantegrossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01183a091","article-title":"Studies on the mechanism of the Leuckart reaction","volume":"70","author":"Alexander","year":"1948","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01184a038","article-title":"The Leuckart reaction; a study of the mechanism","volume":"70","author":"Weber","year":"1948","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib3","first-page":"37","article-title":"Impurities in illicit amphetamine: Review","volume":"33","author":"Sinnema","year":"1981","journal-title":"Bull Narc"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7342","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9005588","article-title":"Characterization of route-specific impurities found in methamphetamine synthesized by the Leuckart and reductive amination methods","volume":"81","author":"Kunalan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib5","first-page":"47","article-title":"Leuckart-specific impurities in amphetamine and methamphetamine seized in Norway","volume":"36","author":"Lambrechts","year":"1984","journal-title":"Bull Narc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsisyn.2020.06.004","article-title":"A review of the newly identified impurity profiles in methamphetamine seizures","volume":"2","author":"Onoka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Synerg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lomonte JN, Lowry WT, Stone IC. Contaminants in illicit amphetamine preparations. J Forensic Sci. 21(3):575\u2013582.","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS10529J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1002\/jssc.201601313","article-title":"Chemometrics-assisted chromatographic fingerprinting: An illicit methamphetamine case study","volume":"40","author":"Shekari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sep Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2004.03.002","article-title":"Impurity profiling of methamphetamine hydrochloride drugs seized in the Philippines","volume":"144","author":"Dayrit","year":"2004","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2008.09.012","article-title":"Identification of impurities and statistical classification of methamphetamine hydrochloride drugs seized in China","volume":"182","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"1\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.11.005","article-title":"Determination of impurities in illicit methamphetamine samples seized in Iran","volume":"217","author":"Khajeamiri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.2174\/138920010794233503","article-title":"Methodologies for investigating drug metabolism at the early drug discovery stage: Prediction of hepatic drug clearance and P450 contribution","volume":"11","author":"Emoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Drug Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.2020","article-title":"In vivo use of the CYP inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole to increase long-term exposure in mice","volume":"37","author":"Watanabe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib14","first-page":"1059","article-title":"Oxidation of methamphetamine and methylenedioxymethamphetamine by CYP2D6","volume":"25","author":"Lin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(97)00014-2","article-title":"Interactions of amphetamine analogs with human liver CYP2D6","volume":"53","author":"Wu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2012.00235","article-title":"MDMA, methamphetamine, and CYP2D6 pharmacogenetics: What is clinically relevant?","volume":"3","author":"de la Torre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-011-0024-2","article-title":"Chemical inhibitors of cytochrome P450 isoforms in human liver microsomes: a re-evaluation of P450 isoform selectivity","volume":"36","author":"Khojasteh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-022-06205-6","article-title":"Convulsant doses of abused synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists AB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, 5F-ADB-PINACA, and JWH-018 do not elicit electroencephalographic (EEG) seizures in male mice","volume":"239","author":"Wilson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2022.109468","article-title":"Cannabimimetic effects of abused indazole-carboxamide synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists AB-PINACA, 5F-AB-PINACA, and 5F-ADB-PINACA in mice: Tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal","volume":"236","author":"Wilson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.123.001942","article-title":"Phencyclidine-like abuse liability and psychosis-like neurocognitive effects of novel arylcyclohexylamine drugs of abuse in rodents","volume":"390","author":"Shaw","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.104988","article-title":"Interoceptive effects of N1-substituted lysergamides in rats: Role of agonist affinity at 5-HT receptors and in vivo metabolism to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)","author":"Berquist","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0b013e328349aafa","article-title":"Discriminative stimulus effects of NMDA, AMPA, and mGluR5 glutamate receptor ligands in methamphetamine-trained rats","volume":"22","author":"Wooters","year":"2011","journal-title":"Behav Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.02.002","article-title":"Discriminative-stimulus effects of second-generation synthetic cathinones in methamphetamine-trained rats","volume":"149","author":"Naylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.10.041","article-title":"Differential modulation of the discriminative stimulus effects of methamphetamine and cocaine by alprazolam and oxazepam in male and female rats","volume":"102","author":"Spence","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2019.02.008","article-title":"Enrichment-induced differences in methamphetamine drug discrimination in male rats","volume":"179","author":"Chacho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811221142566","article-title":"Comparison of locomotor stimulant and drug discrimination effects of four synthetic cathinones to commonly abused psychostimulants","volume":"37","author":"Shetty","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1823177","article-title":"Locomotor and discriminative stimulus effects of N-cyclohexyl butylone and N-cyclohexyl methylone","volume":"17","author":"Gatch","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15761\/FSC.1000125","article-title":"Multi-laboratory validation of a \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol LC-MS\/MS test kit designed for quantifying THC and marijuana metabolites in blood","volume":"3","author":"Patton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Criminol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.3c00136","article-title":"Hands-free analytical urine testing technology validated for drug-facilitated crime investigations","author":"Avram","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem Res Toxicol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2025.103617","article-title":"Locomotor and discriminative stimulus effects of fluorinated analogs of amphetamine and methamphetamine in mice and rats","volume":"392","author":"Anchondo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-025-03686-x","article-title":"A combined study of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of methamphetamine and its metabolite in male mice","volume":"31","author":"Su","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(24)15170-7","article-title":"Involvement of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 in lidocaine N-deethylation and 3-hydroxylation in humans","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib33","first-page":"55","article-title":"Clinical implications of genetic polymorphisms and drug interactions mediated by cytochrome P-450 enzymes","volume":"14","author":"Touw","year":"1997","journal-title":"Drug Metab Drug Interact"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199500291-00004","article-title":"Antidepressant drug interactions and the cytochrome P450 system. The role of cytochrome P450 2D6","volume":"29","author":"Ereshefsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)04496-9","article-title":"Studies on sympathomimetic amines. II. The biotransformation and physiological disposition of d-amphetamine, d-p-hydroxyamphetamine, and d-methamphetamine","volume":"110","author":"Axelrod","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.08.002","article-title":"Prodrugs\u2014Recent approvals and a glimpse of the pipeline","volume":"109","author":"Rautio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14268","article-title":"Prodrugs of new psychoactive substances (NPS): A new challenge","volume":"65","author":"Elliott","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.3109\/03639045.2012.680468","article-title":"Current approaches in tamper-resistant and abuse-deterrent formulations","volume":"39","author":"Mastropietro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881113482532","article-title":"Amphetamine, past and present\u2014a pharmacological and clinical perspective","volume":"27","author":"Heal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)30066-2","article-title":"Structure-activity relationships between meta-substituted N-ethylamphetamines and isolated guinea-pig atrial rate","volume":"192","author":"Tessel","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)30065-0","article-title":"Structure-activity relationships between meta-substituted N-ethylamphetamines and locomotor activity in mice","volume":"192","author":"Tessel","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00429257","article-title":"Fenfluramine and N-ethyl amphetamine: comparison of the reinforcing and rate-decreasing actions in the rhesus monkey","volume":"43","author":"Tessel","year":"1975","journal-title":"Psychopharmacologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)13399-5","article-title":"Stimulant and hallucinogenic behavioral profiles of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and N-ethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine in rats","volume":"247","author":"Gold","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(87)90206-1","article-title":"Behavioral effects of N-ethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDE; \"EVE\")","volume":"28","author":"Boja","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(89)90491-7","article-title":"Stimulus effects of N-monoethyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane (MDE) and N-hydroxy-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane (N-OH MDA) in rats trained to discriminate MDMA from saline","volume":"33","author":"Glennon","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pharmacol Biochem Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01247337","article-title":"DNA haplotype dependency of debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase (CYP2D6) expression among extensive metabolizers","volume":"92","author":"Mura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib47","first-page":"284","article-title":"Cytochrome P450 2D6 variants in a Caucasian population: Allele frequencies and phenotypic consequences","volume":"60","author":"Sachse","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1081\/DMR-120034149","article-title":"The unique regulation of brain cytochrome P450 2 (CYP2) family enzymes by drugs and genetics","volume":"36","author":"Miksys","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/31.1.31","article-title":"Determination of amphetamine, methamphetamine, and hydroxyamphetamine derivatives in urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and its relation to CYP2D6 phenotype of drug users","volume":"31","author":"Miranda-G","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617710000779","article-title":"Cytochrome P450-2D6 extensive metabolizers are more vulnerable to methamphetamine-associated neurocognitive impairment: preliminary findings","volume":"16","author":"Cherner","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Int Neuropsychol Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12950","article-title":"CYP2D6 genotype may moderate measures of brain structure in methamphetamine users","volume":"26","author":"Dean","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addict Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2013.818684","article-title":"Polymorphisms in CYP2D6 may predict methamphetamine-related heart failure","volume":"51","author":"Sutter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.01.033","article-title":"Reduced CYP2D6 activity is a negative risk factor for methamphetamine dependence","volume":"434","author":"Otani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022356526012395?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022356526012395?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T09:42:15Z","timestamp":1792143735000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022356526012395"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022356526012395"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3565","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Locomotor stimulant and methamphetamine-like interoceptive effects of putative impurity N-ethyl-methamphetamine in rodents: Role of Phase I metabolism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpet.2026.105039","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105039"}}