{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:03:24Z","timestamp":1791295404955,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Physiology-Paris"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,29]],"date-time":"2013-03-29T03:10:07Z","timestamp":1364526607000},"page":"278-285","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Reconsideration of bipolar disorder as a developmental disorder: Importance of the time of onset"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Pierre Alexis","family":"Geoffroy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Etain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Jamain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Leboyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Bellivier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e3283384c74","article-title":"Age at onset and latency to treatment (duration of untreated illness) in patients with mood and anxiety disorders: a naturalistic study","volume":"25","author":"Altamura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0010","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV-TR Fourth Edition","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1990.tb03052.x","article-title":"The impact of phenotypic variation on genetic analysis: application to X-linkage in manic-depressive illness","volume":"82","author":"Baron","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)00624-1","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism in early and late onset bipolar patients","volume":"233","author":"Bellivier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.5.999","article-title":"Age at onset in bipolar I affective disorder: further evidence for three subgroups","volume":"160","author":"Bellivier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellivier, F., Etain, B., Malafosse, A., Henry, C., Kahn, J.-P., Elgrabli-Wajsbrot, O., Jamain, S., Azorin, J.-M., Frank, E., Scott, J., et al., 2011. Age at onset in bipolar I affective disorder in the USA and Europe. The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry: The Official Journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry. <http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22188366> [accessed 14.01.12].","DOI":"10.3109\/15622975.2011.639801"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bellivier, F., Geoffroy, P.A., Scott, J., Schurhoff, F., Leboyer, M., Etain, B., in press. Biomarkers of bipolar disorder: specific or shared with schizophrenia? Front Biosci (Elite Ed). Bellivier, F., Golmard, J.L., Henry, C., Leboyer, M., Sch\u00fcrhoff, F., 2001. Admixture analysis of age at onset in bipolar I affective disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 58, 510\u2013512.","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.5.510"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370404900716","article-title":"Age at onset of bipolar II disorder","volume":"49","author":"Benazzi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2008.10.007","article-title":"Classifying mood disorders by age-at-onset instead of polarity","volume":"33","author":"Benazzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.09.002","article-title":"A length polymorphism in the circadian clock gene Per3 influences age at onset of bipolar disorder","volume":"445","author":"Benedetti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2011.00889.x","article-title":"Does stage of illness impact treatment response in bipolar disorder? Empirical treatment data and their implication for the staging model and early intervention","volume":"13","author":"Berk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.12.1201","article-title":"Amygdala and hippocampal volumes in adolescents and adults with bipolar disorder","volume":"60","author":"Blumberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1080\/hrp.11.5.269.283","article-title":"Clinical significance of brain white matter hyperintensities in young adults with psychiatric illness","volume":"11","author":"Breeze","year":"2003","journal-title":"Harv. Rev. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.06122050","article-title":"Facial emotion labeling deficits in children and adolescents at risk for bipolar disorder","volume":"165","author":"Brotman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0075","first-page":"221","article-title":"Neurocognition in bipolar disorder and juvenile bipolar disorder","volume":"18","author":"Cahill","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Can. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1089\/104454603322724931","article-title":"Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the frontal lobe and cerebellar vermis in children with a mood disorder and a familial risk for bipolar disorders","volume":"13","author":"Cecil","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e05","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.8125tx7c","article-title":"Course and impact of bipolar disorder in young patients","volume":"71","author":"Chang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.8.781","article-title":"Anomalous prefrontal-subcortical activation in familial pediatric bipolar disorder: a functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation","volume":"61","author":"Chang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.03.042","article-title":"Abnormal left superior temporal gyrus volumes in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder: a magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"363","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1159\/000218518","article-title":"The road to DSM-V. Bipolar disorder episode and course specifiers","volume":"42","author":"Colom","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01756.x","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and clinical outcomes of bipolar disorder","volume":"124","author":"Daruy-Filho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1399-5618.2003.00087.x","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of amygdala and other subcortical brain regions in adolescents with bipolar disorder","volume":"6","author":"DelBello","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S5970","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and long-term response to mood stabilizers in patients with bipolar disorder and different age at onset","volume":"5","author":"Dell\u2019osso","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n1213","article-title":"A prospective study of the offspring of bipolar parents responsive and nonresponsive to lithium treatment","volume":"63","author":"Duffy","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001815","article-title":"Genome-wide scan for genes involved in bipolar affective disorder in 70 European families ascertained through a bipolar type I early-onset proband: supportive evidence for linkage at 3p14","volume":"11","author":"Etain","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2008.00635.x","article-title":"Beyond genetics: childhood affective trauma in bipolar disorder","volume":"10","author":"Etain","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.148","article-title":"A SNAP25 promoter variant is associated with early-onset bipolar disorder and a high expression level in brain","volume":"15","author":"Etain","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.07.007","article-title":"Genetics of circadian rhythms and mood spectrum disorders","volume":"21","author":"Etain","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01893-0","article-title":"The genetics of pediatric-onset bipolar disorder","volume":"53","author":"Faraone","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09r05222gry","article-title":"Comorbid substance use disorders among youth with bipolar disorder: opportunities for early identification and prevention","volume":"71","author":"Goldstein","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2011.0009","article-title":"Preliminary findings regarding proinflammatory markers and brain-derived neurotrophic factor among adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders","volume":"21","author":"Goldstein","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.07.001","article-title":"The social zeitgeber theory, circadian rhythms, and mood disorders: review and evaluation","volume":"26","author":"Grandin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.10047","article-title":"Different familial transmission patterns in bipolar I disorder with onset before and after age 25","volume":"105","author":"Grigoroiu-Serbanescu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.01.045","article-title":"Families at high and low risk for depression: a three-generation startle study","volume":"57","author":"Grillon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.163.4.492","article-title":"Familial psychiatric illness and obstetric complications in early-onset affective disorder. A case-control study","volume":"163","author":"Guth","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.2741\/e534","article-title":"Immuno-inflammatory markers of bipolar disorder: a review of evidence","volume":"4","author":"Hamdani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Biosci. (Elite Ed.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.10.021","article-title":"Age-at-onset in bipolar-I disorder: mixture analysis of 1369 cases identifies three distinct clinical sub-groups","volume":"116","author":"Hamshere","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Affect Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08010098","article-title":"Sleep and circadian rhythms in bipolar disorder: seeking synchrony, harmony, and regulation","volume":"165","author":"Harvey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1998)7:2<76::AID-DA5>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Age of first onset of bipolar disorder: demographic, family history, and psychosocial correlates","volume":"7","author":"Hays","year":"1998","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-010-0156-0","article-title":"New ways to classify bipolar disorders: going from categorical groups to symptom clusters or dimensions","volume":"12","author":"Henry","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Houenou, J., Frommberger, J., Carde, S., Glasbrenner, M., Diener, C., Leboyer, M., Wessa, M., 2011. Neuroimaging-based markers of bipolar disorder: evidence from two meta-analyses. J. Affect Disord. <http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21470688> [Accessed 08.06.11].","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.03.016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1977.01770180101009","article-title":"Early- and late-onset bipolar affective disorder. A genetic study","volume":"34","author":"James","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Javaid, N., Kennedy, J.L., De Luca, V., 2011. Ethnicity and age at onset in bipolar spectrum disorders. CNS Spectr. <http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21632013> [Accessed 09.06.11].","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852912000296"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05585ora","article-title":"A cohort study of the prevalence and impact of comorbid medical conditions in pediatric bipolar disorder","volume":"71","author":"Jerrell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.109.4.797","article-title":"Electroencephalographic asymmetries in adolescents with major depression: influence of comorbidity with anxiety disorders","volume":"109","author":"Kentgen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Abnorm. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2528","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.20.2528","article-title":"The increasing medical burden in bipolar disorder","volume":"293","author":"Kupfer","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lagerberg, T.V., Sundet, K., Aminoff, S.R., Berg, A.O., Ringen, P.A., Andreassen, O.A., Melle, I., 2011. Excessive cannabis use is associated with earlier age at onset in bipolar disorder. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. <http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.gate2.inist.fr\/pubmed\/21267743> [Accessed 07.03.11].","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-011-0188-4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.10m06347yel","article-title":"Bipolar disorder: new perspectives in health care and prevention","volume":"71","author":"Leboyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(98)00087-0","article-title":"Age at onset and gender resemblance in bipolar siblings","volume":"81","author":"Leboyer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(97)01187-9","article-title":"Psychiatric genetics: search for phenotypes","volume":"21","author":"Leboyer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2005.00181.x","article-title":"Age at onset in bipolar affective disorders: a review","volume":"7","author":"Leboyer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.12.049","article-title":"Can bipolar disorder be viewed as a multi-system inflammatory disease?","volume":"141","author":"Leboyer","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-010-0169-z","article-title":"Early-onset bipolar disorder: how about visual-spatial skills and executive functions?","volume":"261","author":"Lera-Miguel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.2.240","article-title":"Clinical correlates and familial aggregation of age at onset in bipolar disorder","volume":"163","author":"Lin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.11.007","article-title":"High frequencies of De Novo CNVs in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia","volume":"72","author":"Malhotra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890510007377","article-title":"Circadian genes and bipolar disorder","volume":"37","author":"Mansour","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Massat, I., Kocabas, N.A., Crisafulli, C., Chiesa, A., Calati, R., Linotte, S., Kasper, S., Fink, M., Antonijevic, I., Forray, C., et al., 2011. COMT and age at onset in mood disorders: A replication and extension study. Neurosci Lett. <http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21600957> [accessed 08.06.11].","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.05.012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04212","article-title":"Polypharmacy in children and adolescents treated for major depressive disorder: a claims database study","volume":"70","author":"McIntyre","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2008.11.008","article-title":"Family and genetic association studies of bipolar disorder in children","volume":"18","author":"Mick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child Adolesc. Psychiatr. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Milhiet, V., Etain, B., Boudebesse, C., Bellivier, F., 2011. Circadian biomarkers, circadian genes and bipolar disorders. J. Physiol. <http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21767641> [accessed 24.09.11].","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2011.07.002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.7.1240","article-title":"Brain-to-serum lithium ratio and age: an in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy study","volume":"159","author":"Moore","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0310","series-title":"The Global Burden of Disease. A Comprehensive Assessment of Morbidity and Disability from Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors in 1990 and Projected to 2020","author":"Murray","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1080\/15374416.2011.546049","article-title":"A meta-analysis of neuropsychological functioning in patients with early onset schizophrenia and pediatric bipolar disorder","volume":"40","author":"Nieto","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0320","unstructured":"Ortiz, A., Bradler, K., Slaney, C., Garnham, J., Ruzickova, M., O\u2019Donovan, C., Hajek, T., Alda, M., 2010. An admixture analysis of the age at index episodes in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res. <http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.gate2.inist.fr\/pubmed\/21131056> [accessed 08.03.11]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(00)01464-6","article-title":"An association study of bipolar mood disorder (type I) with the 5-HTTLPR serotonin transporter polymorphism in a human population isolate from Colombia","volume":"292","author":"Ospina-Duque","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2007.151","article-title":"Neurochemical alterations in adolescent bipolar depression: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy pilot study of the prefrontal cortex","volume":"18","author":"Patel","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820090031005","article-title":"Risks of affective illness among first-degree relatives of bipolar I old-order Amish probands","volume":"49","author":"Pauls","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00683.x","article-title":"Cortical folding difference between patients with early-onset and patients with intermediate-onset bipolar disorder","volume":"11","author":"Penttil\u00e4","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.01.022","article-title":"Long-term implications of early onset in bipolar disorder: data from the first 1000 participants in the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder (STEP-BD)","volume":"55","author":"Perlis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(01)00129-9","article-title":"Increased presence of white matter hyperintensities in adolescent patients with bipolar disorder","volume":"114","author":"Pillai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579401003091","article-title":"Developmental vulnerabilities to the onset and course of bipolar disorder","volume":"13","author":"Post","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dev. Psychopathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04994yel","article-title":"Early-onset bipolar disorder and treatment delay are risk factors for poor outcome in adulthood","volume":"71","author":"Post","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priebe, L., Degenhardt, F.A., Herms, S., Haenisch, B., Mattheisen, M., Nieratschker, V., Weingarten, M., Witt, S., Breuer, R., Paul, T., et al., 2011. Genome-wide survey implicates the influence of copy number variants (CNVs) in the development of early-onset bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry. doi: gate2.inist.fr\/10.1038\/mp.2011.8 [accessed 08.03.11].","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.8"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2007.05.002","article-title":"Predictors of prophylactic response to lithium","volume":"34","author":"Rohayem","year":"2008","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1159\/000151520","article-title":"Functional impairment in patients with remitted bipolar disorder","volume":"77","author":"Rosa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.12.1368","article-title":"What is familial about familial bipolar disorder? Resemblance among relatives across a broad spectrum of phenotypic characteristics","volume":"63","author":"Schulze","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(99)00111-1","article-title":"Early and late onset bipolar disorders: two different forms of manic-depressive illness?","volume":"58","author":"Sch\u00fcrhoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Affect Disord."},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.07.006","article-title":"Clinical parameters of circadian rhythms in affective disorders","volume":"21","author":"Scott","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-7006(11)70048-3","article-title":"Cons\u00e9quences du retard diagnostique dans la d\u00e9pression bipolaire","volume":"37","author":"Scott","year":"2011","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00667.x","article-title":"Association study in a Sardinian sample between bipolar disorder and the nuclear receptor REV-ERB\u03b1 gene, a critical component of the circadian clock system","volume":"11","author":"Severino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2006.06.002","article-title":"The relation between frontal EEG asymmetry and the risk for anxiety and depression","volume":"74","author":"Smit","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sole, B., Bonnin, C.M., Torrent, C., Martinez-Aran, A., Popovic, D., Tabar\u00e9s-Seisdedos, R., Vieta, E., 2011. Neurocognitive Impairment Across the Bipolar Spectrum. CNS Neurosci Ther. <http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/22128808> [accessed 14.01.12].","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5949.2011.00262.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2010.09.013","article-title":"Age at onset in bipolar disorder: Investigation of the role of TaqIA polymorphism of DRD2 gene in a Sardinian sample","volume":"26","author":"Squassina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2007.10.007","article-title":"The impairment of pediatric bipolar sleep: hypotheses regarding a core defect and phenotype-specific sleep disturbances","volume":"108","author":"Staton","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Affect Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.01.001","article-title":"Association of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene and bipolar disorder with early age of onset in mainland China","volume":"433","author":"Tang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1981.01780260060006","article-title":"Early- and late-onset bipolar illness","volume":"38","author":"Taylor","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2009.11.025","article-title":"Admixture analysis of age at onset in bipolar disorder","volume":"185","author":"Tozzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2005.00219.x","article-title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder: consensus and controversies","volume":"7","author":"Yatham","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006_b0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00672.x","article-title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) collaborative update of CANMAT guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder: update 2009","volume":"11","author":"Yatham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord."}],"container-title":["Journal of Physiology-Paris"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0928425713000089?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0928425713000089?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T14:19:55Z","timestamp":1562854795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0928425713000089"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0928425713000089"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2013.03.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0928-4257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0928-4257","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}}}