{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T07:48:43Z","timestamp":1793173723300,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jprasopen.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JPRAS Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T05:05:46Z","timestamp":1761368746000},"page":"41-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Mitigating facial nerve injury risks in aesthetic surgery: A narrative review of surgical practices and anatomical challenges"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9944-9601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdallah","family":"Abushehab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9817-6819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean Huu-Tien","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Sauve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9761-5295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pravin","family":"Meshram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniah","family":"ALNafisee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Vakayil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3033-4434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Warren","family":"Schubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2243-5165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raeesa","family":"Kabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neej","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1491-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Fazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony J","family":"Weinhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"James","family":"Harmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0001","series-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","article-title":"Neuroanatomy, cranial nerve 7 (facial)","author":"Dulak","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0002","series-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","article-title":"Facial nerve anatomy and clinical applications","author":"Seneviratne","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0003","series-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","article-title":"Facial nerve trauma","author":"Mistry","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276152","article-title":"Oral health and oral health-related quality of life in patients with chronic peripheral facial nerve palsy with synkinesis: a case-control-study","volume":"17","author":"Strobelt","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S398190","article-title":"Ocular and palpebral manifestations of facial palsy: an epidemiologic descriptive study","volume":"17","author":"Guerrero-de Ferran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ojab007","DOI":"10.1093\/asjof\/ojab007","article-title":"How to prevent and treat complications in facelift surgery, part 1: short-term complications","volume":"3","author":"Sinclair","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J Open Forum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0007","first-page":"686","article-title":"The anatomy of the facial nerve","volume":"69","author":"Monkhouse","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2024.101414","article-title":"The variations of osseous structure of the internal acoustic canal: an anatomical study","volume":"90","author":"Sar\u0131","year":"2024","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0009","article-title":"Imaging the facial nerve: a contemporary review","volume":"2013","author":"Gupta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0010","article-title":"ScienceDirect Topics","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nerve to the Stapedius - An Overview"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0011","series-title":"A Physiological Approach to Clinical Neurology","first-page":"219","article-title":"The special senses and cranial nerves","author":"Lance","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0012","series-title":"Nerves and Nerve Injuries","first-page":"357","article-title":"Chapter 24 \u2013 Anatomy of the facial nerve","author":"Lysek","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0013","first-page":"385","article-title":"Surgical anatomy of the facial nerve and parotid gland based upon a study of 350 cervicofacial halves","volume":"102","author":"Davis","year":"1956","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0014","series-title":"Essential Clinically Applied Anatomy of the Peripheral Nervous System in the Head and Neck","first-page":"21","article-title":"Chapter 2 \u2013 Head","author":"Rea","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0015","series-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","article-title":"Anatomy, head and neck: orbicularis oculi muscle","author":"Tong","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22162","article-title":"Clinically relevant landmarks of the frontotemporal branch of the facial nerve: a three-dimensional study","volume":"25","author":"Davies","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"NP223","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjz186","article-title":"A simple clinical application for locating the frontotemporal branch of the facial nerve using the zygomatic arch and the tragus","volume":"40","author":"Green Sanderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-40206-5","article-title":"Topography of the frontal branch of the facial nerve and its clinical implication for temporal direct browplasty","volume":"13","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2019.11.009","article-title":"Depth transitions of the frontal branch of the facial nerve: implications in SMAS rhytidectomy","volume":"26","author":"Pankratz","year":"2020","journal-title":"JPRAS Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.2310\/7750.2011.10064","article-title":"Facial nerve danger zone in dermatologic surgery: temporal branch","volume":"15","author":"Dahlke","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.1985.tb02981.x","article-title":"Management of temporal nerve injuries","volume":"11","author":"Grabski","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Dermatol Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e245","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000009997","article-title":"The clinical experience in temporal branch of facial nerve transient injury after reduction malarplasty","volume":"35","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/01.scs.0000193556.32293.9c","article-title":"Anatomic guides to precisely localize the zygomatic branches of the facial nerve","volume":"17","author":"Saylam","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23332","article-title":"Anatomical study of the zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve: application to facial reanimation procedures","volume":"32","author":"Kehrer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-007-1404-x","article-title":"Facial-zygomatic triangle: a relationship between the extracranial portion of facial nerve and the zygomatic arch","volume":"150","author":"Campero","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0026","series-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","article-title":"Facial nerve palsy","author":"Walker","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0027","article-title":"Facial paralysis treatment using selective neurectomy: a comprehensive review","volume":"16","author":"Fatani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.09.050","article-title":"Facial nerve injury during external dacryocystorhinostomy","volume":"116","author":"Vagefi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SCS.0000157019.35407.55","article-title":"Interrelated buccal fat pad with facial buccal branches and parotid duct","volume":"16","author":"Hwang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2022.152025","article-title":"Study of the functional relationships between the buccinator muscle and the connective tissue of the cheek in humans","volume":"246","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Sanz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0031","series-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","article-title":"Anatomy, head and neck: buccal nerve","author":"Siddik","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-006-0127-7","article-title":"Anatomic landmarks of the buccal branches of the facial nerve","volume":"28","author":"Saylam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.12.018","article-title":"Clinical significance of buccal branches of the facial nerve and their relationship with the emergence of Stensen\u2019s duct: an anatomical study on adult Taiwanese cadavers","volume":"47","author":"Tsai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0034","first-page":"68","article-title":"Individual specific features and variability of the buccal branches of the facial nerve","volume":"22","author":"Babuci","year":"2015","journal-title":"Galician Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000000823","article-title":"Injury to the buccal nerve in a patient with a history of parotidectomy","volume":"42","author":"Pelster","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2017.12.014","article-title":"Facial nerve paralysis \u2013 a rare complication of open reduction of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures","volume":"76","author":"Agarwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0037","article-title":"Origin of the buccal branch of facial nerve and anastomosis of the facial nerve branches","volume":"4","author":"Eltohami","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Case Stu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.63968","article-title":"Marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve: an anatomical study","volume":"43","author":"Batra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.37080\/nmj.174","article-title":"Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve \u2013 a literature review","volume":"6","author":"Nirala","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nepal Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X11398352","article-title":"Bony anatomic landmarks to avoid injury to the marginal mandibular nerve","volume":"31","author":"Hazani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5811","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000005811","article-title":"M-point: a landmark for locating the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve","volume":"12","author":"Kannan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2069","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009415","article-title":"Pearls & oy-sters: facial nerve marginal mandibular branch lesion \u2013 a complication of carotid surgery","volume":"94","author":"Fleuren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.4103\/ksj.ksj_22_21","article-title":"Marginal mandibular nerve dysfunction after submandibular surgeries","volume":"27","author":"Sugeeth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kerala Surg J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181e3b374","article-title":"Locating the cervical motor branch of the facial nerve: anatomy and clinical application","volume":"126","author":"Chowdhry","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-117X(81)90002-0","article-title":"The surgical anatomy of the cervical distribution of the facial nerve","volume":"19","author":"Ziarah","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br J Oral Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002894","article-title":"Platysma bands: is a change needed in the surgical paradigm","volume":"139","author":"Tr\u00e9vidic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000061004.74788.33","article-title":"Incidence of cervical branch injury with \u201cmarginal mandibular nerve pseudo-paralysis\u201d in patients undergoing face lift","volume":"111","author":"Daane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1372522","article-title":"Facial nerve trauma: evaluation and considerations in management","volume":"8","author":"Gordin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2008.10.003","article-title":"Nerve injuries and treatment in facial cosmetic surgery","volume":"21","author":"Azizzadeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0050","series-title":"Facial Trauma Surgery","first-page":"58","article-title":"1.5 \u2013 Traumatic facial nerve injury","author":"Rozen","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0051","series-title":"Precise Extratemporal Pattern and Intramuscular Distribution of the Facial Nerve","author":"Uruwan","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.2009.96","article-title":"Temporal branch of the facial nerve and its relationship to fascial layers","volume":"12","author":"Babakurban","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181d18136","article-title":"The frontal branch of the facial nerve across the zygomatic arch: anatomical relevance of the high-SMAS technique","volume":"125","author":"Trussler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181c82e9d","article-title":"The course of the frontal branch of the facial nerve in relation to fascial planes: an anatomic study","volume":"125","author":"Agarwal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2640","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000002640","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of 225 sub-SMAS facelifts with no temporal incision","volume":"8","author":"Swanson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjz045","article-title":"A meta-analysis of complication rates among different SMAS facelift techniques","volume":"39","author":"Jacono","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2023.06.003","article-title":"Evolution of superficial muscular aponeurotic system facelift techniques: a comprehensive systematic review of complications and outcomes","volume":"39","author":"Mortada","year":"2024","journal-title":"JPRAS Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-025-04932-7","article-title":"Facelift surgery and nerve injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Gandra","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182818bdd","article-title":"Resident involvement and plastic surgery outcomes: an analysis of 10,356 patients from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database","volume":"131","author":"Jordan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-016-0651-8","article-title":"The impact of resident participation in outpatient plastic surgical procedures","volume":"40","author":"Massenburg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-015-0558-9","article-title":"Is the SMAS flap facelift safe? A comparison of complications between the sub-SMAS approach versus the subcutaneous approach with or without SMAS plication in aesthetic rhytidectomy at an academic institution","volume":"39","author":"Rammos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31827c70f1","article-title":"A 20-year experience with secondary rhytidectomy: a review of technique, longevity, and outcomes","volume":"131","author":"Beale","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31826d9eea","article-title":"Secondary rhytidectomy: comprehensive review and current concepts","volume":"130","author":"Rasko","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X12471829","article-title":"Complications of browlift techniques: a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Byun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0066","article-title":"Long-term brow lift outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Karanfilian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjae225","article-title":"Long-term stability in endoscopic brow lift: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature","volume":"45","author":"\u015eibar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1695724","article-title":"Safety of concurrent endoscopic browlift and blepharoplasty","volume":"35","author":"Hjelm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0069","first-page":"251","article-title":"Secondary endoscopic forehead lift in patients with previous coronal brow lifts","volume":"54","author":"De la Torre","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0070","first-page":"e2098","article-title":"Simplified lateral brow lift under local anesthesia for correction of lateral hooding","volume":"7","author":"Turin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001773","article-title":"Facial nerve injury and repair: a practical review for cutaneous surgery","volume":"45","author":"Condie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181ce17e8","article-title":"Blepharoplasty complications","volume":"125","author":"Lelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjy034","article-title":"Blepharoplasty: anatomy, planning, techniques, and safety","volume":"39","author":"Alghoul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3109\/08820539809066086","article-title":"The transeyelid subperiosteal midface-lift in the unhappy postblepharoplasty patient","volume":"13","author":"Edelstein","year":"1998","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2012.06.006","article-title":"Revision blepharoplasty","volume":"40","author":"Stanciu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1258759","article-title":"Occurrence and treatment of peripheral nerve injuries after cosmetic surgeries","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12440","article-title":"The psychosocial impact of facial palsy: a systematic review","volume":"25","author":"Hotton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2015.42.2.111","article-title":"Total facelift: forehead lift, midface lift, and neck lift","volume":"42","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2011.158","article-title":"Psychological distress in people with disfigurement from facial palsy","volume":"25","author":"Fu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.4559","article-title":"Association of socioeconomic, personality, and mental health factors with health-related quality of life in patients with facial palsy","volume":"146","author":"Bruins","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200009000-00024","article-title":"Impact of facial paralysis on patients with acoustic neuroma","volume":"110","author":"Cross","year":"2000","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/01973533.2014.917973","article-title":"Communicating without the face: holistic perception of emotions of people with facial paralysis","volume":"36","author":"Bogart","year":"2014","journal-title":"Basic Appl Soc Psych"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200103000-00005","article-title":"Validation of a patient-graded instrument for facial nerve paralysis: the FaCE scale","volume":"111","author":"Kahn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1089\/fpsam.2020.0604","article-title":"Interpreting quality-of-life questionnaires in patients with long-standing facial palsy","volume":"24","author":"Bruins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2582","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27772","article-title":"Quality of life after surgical treatments for facial palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"van der Lely","year":"2024","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06188-0","article-title":"Facial nerve monitoring during parotid gland surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"278","author":"Chiesa-Estomba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6060","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60737-x","article-title":"Intraoperative nerve-specific fluorescence visualization in head and neck surgery: a phase 1 trial","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2019.00058","article-title":"Prospective validation of facial nerve monitoring to prevent nerve damage during robotic drilling","volume":"6","author":"Ans\u00f3","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Surg"}],"container-title":["JPRAS Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352587825002335?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352587825002335?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T21:00:04Z","timestamp":1776200404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352587825002335"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["S2352587825002335"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-5878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-5878","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mitigating facial nerve injury risks in aesthetic surgery: A narrative review of surgical practices and anatomical challenges","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JPRAS Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.10.026","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}