{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T21:57:02Z","timestamp":1772402222847,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000765","name":"University College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000765","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jprasopen.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JPRAS Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T17:12:50Z","timestamp":1763658770000},"page":"356-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Systematic mapping review of applications of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in hand surgery"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0961-4004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan","family":"Faderani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0950-8981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Yu Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1659-9444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluwatobi","family":"Adegboye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muholan","family":"Kanapathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dariush","family":"Nikkhah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5940-4446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afshin","family":"Mosahebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bjs\/znae067","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in patients with conditions affecting the hand: meta-analysis","volume":"111","author":"Geoghegan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2174\/0113894501280331240213063333","article-title":"Current insights into carpal tunnel syndrome: clinical strategies for prevention and treatment","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514531911","article-title":"The effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in lower limb tendinopathy: a systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Mani-Babu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12103350","article-title":"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy improves outcome after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendons","volume":"12","author":"Weninger","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.5.190067","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy: an update","volume":"5","author":"Auersperg","year":"2020","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0004","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying the pain-relieving effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy: a focus on fascia nociceptors","volume":"12","author":"Ryskalin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-018-2612-8","article-title":"Effects of the extracorporeal shock wave therapy on the skin: an experimental study","volume":"34","author":"de Lima Morais","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2020.02.004","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy mechanisms in musculoskeletal regenerative medicine","volume":"11","author":"Simplicio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2015.06.059","article-title":"Biological mechanism of shockwave in bone","volume":"24","author":"Cheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.851894","article-title":"Biological response of extracorporeal shock wave therapy to tendinopathy in vivo (review)","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2022.1597","article-title":"Biological effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in tendons: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Poenaru","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10051084","article-title":"The effects of the exposure of musculoskeletal tissue to extracorporeal shock waves","volume":"10","author":"Wuerfel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10235569","article-title":"Effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy in patients with acute low back pain-randomized controlled trial","volume":"10","author":"Lange","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385","article-title":"The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations","volume":"162","author":"Hutton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0016","first-page":"2127","article-title":"Methodological quality of case series studies: an introduction to the JBI critical appraisal tool","volume":"18","author":"Munn","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBI Evid Synth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i4919","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.10.019","article-title":"The statistical significance of randomized controlled trial results is frequently fragile: a case for a Fragility Index","volume":"67","author":"Walsh","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_155_21","article-title":"The effect of shock wave therapy on improving the symptoms and function of patients with Dupuytren's contracture","volume":"11","author":"Taheri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S232727","article-title":"The effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of patients with trigger finger","volume":"11","author":"Vahdatpour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Access J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1111-8892","article-title":"Outcomes of the treatment of trigger digits by extracorporal shock wave therapy (ESWT)","volume":"52","author":"Zyluk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S108126","article-title":"Radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy for the treatment of finger tenosynovitis (trigger digit)","volume":"7","author":"Malliaropoulos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Open Access J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0024","first-page":"e8385","article-title":"The effect of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of trigger finger","volume":"12","author":"Dogru","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.07.002","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in pillar pain after carpal tunnel release: a preliminary study","volume":"37","author":"Romeo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4565","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-023-04806-0","article-title":"Double screw versus angular stable plate fixation of scaphoid waist nonunions in combination with intraoperative extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT)","volume":"143","author":"Quadlbauer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-018-3087-6","article-title":"Treatment of scaphoid waist nonunion by one, two headless compression screws or plate with or without additional extracorporeal shockwave therapy","volume":"139","author":"Quadlbauer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e31826edc7b","article-title":"The effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy vs. local steroid injection for management of carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Seok","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1177\/0394632015584501","article-title":"Comparison of shock wave therapy and nutraceutical composed of Echinacea angustifolia, alpha lipoic acid, conjugated linoleic acid and quercetin (perinerv) in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Notarnicola","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0030","first-page":"521","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy and ultrasound therapy improve pain and function in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. A randomized controlled trial","volume":"51","author":"Paoloni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-9175.186983","article-title":"Effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on the treatment of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Vahdatpour","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.23113","article-title":"Effect of radial shock wave therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome: a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"34","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38344","article-title":"The dose-dependent efficiency of radial shock wave therapy for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: a prospective, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Ke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.08.022","article-title":"The effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shock waves for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"43","author":"Raissi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-1948-3","article-title":"Comparison of single-dose radial extracorporeal shock wave and local corticosteroid injection for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome including mid-term efficacy: a prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Atthakomol","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0036","first-page":"166","article-title":"Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome with ESWT: a sham controlled double blinded randomised study","volume":"11","author":"Karatas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Clin Analytic Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnz309","article-title":"The effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma and radial extracorporeal shock wave compared with platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of moderate carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-019-04432-9","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial: comparing extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus local corticosteroid injection for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"44","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5114\/pq.2020.96420","article-title":"Shock wave versus iontophoresis in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Abd Elrazik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiother Quart"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-020-01785-9","article-title":"Effectiveness of focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study","volume":"133","author":"Gesslbauer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2020.3956","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy as a conservative treatment option for carpal tunnel syndrome: a double-blind, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"66","author":"Ko\u00e7ak Ulucak\u00f6y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Turk J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.5606\/tftrd.2022.7187","article-title":"Physical therapy versus radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized-controlled study","volume":"68","author":"Sa\u011flam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Turk J Phys Med Rehabil."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001891","article-title":"Comparison of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy and local corticosteroid injection effectiveness in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized controlled study","volume":"101","author":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk Durmaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-03940-0","article-title":"Synergistic effect of LCI with ESWT on treating patients with mild to moderate CTS: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Gholipour","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-021-03254-9","article-title":"Focused electromagnetic high-energetic extracorporeal shockwave (ESWT) reduces pain levels in the nodular state of Dupuytren's disease: a randomized controlled trial (DupuyShock)","volume":"37","author":"Knobloch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4103\/abr.abr_86_18","article-title":"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in pillar pain after carpal tunnel release: a prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Haghighat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Biomed Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2021.34.3.315","article-title":"Efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for pillar pain after open carpal tunnel release: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study","volume":"34","author":"Turgut","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193415622733","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus corticosteroid injection in the treatment of trigger finger: a randomized controlled study","volume":"41","author":"Yildirim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Eur Vol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0049","first-page":"7794","article-title":"Comparing the effect of combined therapy of extracorporeashock wave therapy and ice massage with combined therapy of therapeutic ultrasound with paraffin wax bath itreating trigger finger","volume":"20","author":"Govind","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Forensic Med Toxicol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.04.015","article-title":"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of trigger finger: a randomized controlled study","volume":"102","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0051","first-page":"862","article-title":"High-energy focused extracorporeal shockwave therapy relieved pain in Dupuytren's disease: a series of seven hands","volume":"55","author":"Abdulsalam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0052","first-page":"124","article-title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in Dupuytren\u2019s disease","volume":"52","author":"Aykut","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Bullet Sisli Etfal Hosp"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.08.013","article-title":"The dose-effect relationship in extracorporeal shock wave therapy: the optimal parameter for extracorporeal shock wave therapy","volume":"186","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2024.02.021","article-title":"Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the management of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of dose-response meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jor.2023.11.016","article-title":"No dose response effect in shockwave therapy applied to bone conditions: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"49","author":"Garcia","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2023.102275","article-title":"Dose dependent effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy on pain and function in osteonecrosis of femoral head: a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"Abbas","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159001","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of focused extracorporeal versus radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy for knee osteoarthritis-randomized controlled study","volume":"19","author":"Ko","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2010.0001","article-title":"Comparison of radial versus focused extracorporeal shock waves in plantar fasciitis using functional measures","volume":"31","author":"Lohrer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0064","article-title":"Effectiveness of focused shockwave therapy versus radial shockwave therapy for noncalcific rotator cuff tendinopathies: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"2021","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2023.05.554","article-title":"Comparative effects of focused and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapies on lateral epicondylitis: a randomised sham-controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Kaplan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12790","article-title":"Best practices for extracorporeal shockwave therapy in musculoskeletal medicine: clinical application and training consideration","volume":"14","author":"Tenforde","year":"2022","journal-title":"PMR"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000029664","article-title":"How to report parameters and procedures for shockwave therapy in musculoskeletal disorders: a narrative review","volume":"101","author":"de Menezes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2021.07.036","article-title":"Flexor tendon injuries: repair & rehabilitation","volume":"52","author":"Pearce","year":"2021","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-191654","article-title":"Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy in flexor tendon pathology of the hand: a feasibility study","volume":"28","author":"Lutter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Technol Health Care"}],"container-title":["JPRAS Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352587825002542?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2352587825002542?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T21:22:17Z","timestamp":1772400137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2352587825002542"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["S2352587825002542"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-5878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-5878","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Systematic mapping review of applications of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in hand surgery","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JPRAS Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpra.2025.11.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}