{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T00:38:04Z","timestamp":1792715884557,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016106","name":"Science and Technology Bureau of Zhenjiang","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SH2024043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SH2024043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016106","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018684","name":"National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20DZ2270200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20DZ2270200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018684","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013094","name":"Science and Technology Planning Social Development Project of Zhenjiang City","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013094","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015370","name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Peripheral Nerve and Microsurgery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015370","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003009","name":"Science and Technology Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002703","name":"Jiangsu University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002703","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jprasopen.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JPRAS Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:14:36Z","timestamp":1778822076000},"page":"344-359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Enhanced three-dimensional visualization reconstruction for perforator flaps: A case series on clinical applications and outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Yin","family":"Qixiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai","family":"Huazhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Qun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Yong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi","family":"Jingyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(89)90075-1","article-title":"Inferior epigastric artery skin flaps without rectus abdominis muscle","volume":"42","author":"Koshima","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199103000-00012","article-title":"Free posterior tibial perforator-based flaps","volume":"26","author":"Koshima","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008795","article-title":"Perforator and perforator flap spinoffs: a historical journey","volume":"149","author":"Hallock","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1750127","article-title":"Planes for perforator\/skin flap elevation-definition, classification, and techniques","volume":"39","author":"Kwon","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000003203","article-title":"A comparison of handheld doppler and indocyanine green angiography for perforator localization","volume":"89","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3066","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-22-734","article-title":"Improving visualization of free fibula flap perforators and reducing radiation dose in dual-energy CT angiography","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-022-03208-8","article-title":"The ultrasound evolution of lateral thoracic perforator flaps design and harvest for partial and total breast reconstruction","volume":"48","author":"Visconti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aesthet Plast Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-021-02781-y","article-title":"A 3D visualization layered anatomy for acromial arterial rete and flap design","volume":"43","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.a2021.0133","article-title":"Standard clinical computed tomography fails to precisely visualise presence, course and branching points of deep cerebral perforators","volume":"82","author":"Rzeplinski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Folia Morphol (Warsz)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0010","first-page":"141","article-title":"A prospective study of the perforator evaluation and eccentric design of anterolateral thigh flap based on superficial fascial perforators assisted by modified computed tomography angiography]","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681000400405","article-title":"Digital planimetry results in more accurate wound measurements: a comparison to standard ruler measurements","volume":"4","author":"Rogers","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.3171\/2023.10.FOCUS23619","article-title":"Mixed reality for spine surgery: a step into the future with a human cadaveric accuracy study","volume":"56","author":"Winkler","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2015.2795","article-title":"Low-molecular-weight heparin and intermittent pneumatic compression for thromboprophylaxis in critical patients","volume":"10","author":"Wan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0014","first-page":"130","article-title":"Trial standards for the functional assessment of the upper limb by the hand surgery society of the chinese medical association","volume":"16","author":"Gy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J Hand Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.07.018","article-title":"Performance of the Michigan hand outcomes questionnaire in hand osteoarthritis","volume":"26","author":"Kroon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoarthr Cartil"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401500701","article-title":"Clinical rating systems for the ankle-hindfoot, midfoot, hallux, and lesser toes","volume":"15","author":"Kitaoka","year":"1994","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2020.12.041","article-title":"Perforator switching flap: A breakthrough option for anatomical variation and perforator injury of anterolateral thigh flap","volume":"74","author":"Shimbo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2023.10.115","article-title":"A simplified classification and economical application of anterolateral thigh flap","volume":"88","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1740955","article-title":"Current applications of ultrasound imaging in the preoperative planning of DIEP Flaps","volume":"38","author":"Perez-Iglesias","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2024.09.010","article-title":"Noninvasive visualization of the midline-crossing arterial variation in the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap using photoacoustic tomography for application in patients with abdominal scars","volume":"99","author":"Tsuge","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-022-01318-0","article-title":"A novel computed tomography angiography technique: guided preoperative localization and design of anterolateral thigh perforator flap","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28946","article-title":"MRA for preoperative planning and postoperative management of perforator flap surgeries: a review","volume":"59","author":"Thimmappa","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2022.08.075","article-title":"Morphological study of branches of lateral femoral circumflex artery based on digital subtraction angiography","volume":"80","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2020.12.093","article-title":"Accuracy of infrared thermography for perforator mapping: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic studies","volume":"74","author":"Berner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2021.09.011","article-title":"The third dimension in perforator mapping-comparison of cinematic rendering and maximum intensity projection in abdominal-based autologous breast reconstruction","volume":"75","author":"Hauck","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2022.06.002","article-title":"3D photography and computer modelling in nasal reconstruction","volume":"12","author":"Faderani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.01.004","article-title":"Comparison of surgical result of anterolateral thigh flap in reconstruction of through-and-through cheek defect with\/without CT angiography guidance","volume":"39","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0028","first-page":"6","article-title":"Force CT microvascular anatomical imaging technology and its clinical application","volume":"45","author":"Zhang Di","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin J Microsurg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000485","article-title":"Photon counting computed tomography with dedicated sharp convolution kernels: tapping the potential of a new technology for stent imaging","volume":"53","author":"von Spiczak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000002379","article-title":"Three-dimensional visualization for extended deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps","volume":"85","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0031","unstructured":"Taotao H.. \"Clinical application of preoperative precise design of perforator flaps assisted by mimics combined with CTA,\"(in Chinese) Soochow University, 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0032","unstructured":"Li L.. \"The application of digital visualization technology based on MRI in superficial tumor excision and perforator flap operations in plastic surgery,\"(in Chinese) Chinese PLA General Hospital, 2019."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/16852","article-title":"HoloLens-based vascular localization system: precision evaluation study with a three-dimensional printed model","volume":"22","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30735","article-title":"Application of augmented reality (AR) technology to locate the cutaneous perforator of anterolateral thigh perforator flap: a case report","volume":"42","author":"Nuri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0035","article-title":"The feasibility and accuracy of holographic navigation with laser crosshair simulator registration on a mixed-reality display","volume":"24","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sens (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0036","first-page":"3","article-title":"Analysis of vascular factors affecting the survival of skin flaps","volume":"25","author":"Zairong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin J Aesthet Plast Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4298","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.31532","article-title":"Characterization of the MSAP flap in head and neck surgical oncology: a 3D cadaveric study","volume":"134","author":"Sampieri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13804","article-title":"The role of vascular endothelium in nitroglycerin-mediated vasodilation","volume":"85","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2023.110877","article-title":"Nitroglycerin improves the visibility of fibula-free flap perforators on computed tomography angiography in patients with oral or maxillofacial lesion","volume":"164","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"}],"container-title":["JPRAS Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S235258782600149X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S235258782600149X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:43:51Z","timestamp":1792712631000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S235258782600149X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S235258782600149X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["2352-5878"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2352-5878","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Enhanced three-dimensional visualization reconstruction for perforator flaps: A case series on clinical applications and outcomes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"JPRAS Open","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpra.2026.04.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}