{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:21:19Z","timestamp":1790511679301,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journalofpsychiatricresearch.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Psychiatric Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,23]],"date-time":"2014-01-23T14:38:14Z","timestamp":1390487894000},"page":"93-99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Resilience characteristics mitigate tendency for harmful alcohol and illicit drug use in adults with a history of childhood abuse: A cross-sectional study of 2024 inner-city men and women"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Aliza P.","family":"Wingo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerry J.","family":"Ressler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bekh","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.07121939","article-title":"Trauma, resilience, and recovery in a high-risk African\u2013American population","volume":"165","author":"Alim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib2","series-title":"AUDIT the alcohol use disorders identification test","author":"Babor","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-199412000-00006","article-title":"Is abuse during childhood a risk factor for developing substance abuse problems as an adult?","volume":"15","author":"Bennett","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.8.1132","article-title":"Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect","volume":"151","author":"Bernstein","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib5","series-title":"Childhood trauma questionnaire manual","author":"Bernstein","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","article-title":"Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire","volume":"27","author":"Bernstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.11.1291","article-title":"Association of FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood abuse with risk of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adults","volume":"299","author":"Binder","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e31820446a8","article-title":"Mental health outcomes and predictors of chronic disorders after the North Sea oil rig disaster: 27-year longitudinal follow-up study","volume":"199","author":"Boe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nerv Ment Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21659","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v4i0.21659","article-title":"Family environment and adult resilience: contributions of positive parenting and the oxytocin receptor gene","volume":"18","author":"Bradley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Psychotraumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2007.26","article-title":"Influence of child abuse on adult depression: moderation by the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene.[see comment]","volume":"65","author":"Bradley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20271","article-title":"Psychometric analysis and refinement of the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC): Validation of a 10-item measure of resilience","volume":"20","author":"Campbell-Sills","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.10.4.408","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the drug abuse screening test in psychiatric outpatients","volume":"10","author":"Cocco","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2007.02.004","article-title":"Resilience to adult psychopathology following childhood maltreatment: evidence from a community sample","volume":"31","author":"Collishaw","year":"2007","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10113","article-title":"Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC)","volume":"18","author":"Connor","year":"2003","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2004.01.008","article-title":"The interrelatedness of multiple forms of childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction","volume":"28","author":"Dong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2524.1998.00097.x","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and the risk of substance problems in later life","volume":"6","author":"Downs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Health Soc Care Community"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1037\/h0080194","article-title":"Childhood physical assault as a risk factor for PTSD, depression, and substance abuse: findings from a national survey","volume":"66","author":"Dunca","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.169.11.896","article-title":"Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 8,169 male Vietnam War era veterans","volume":"169","author":"Eisen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2649","article-title":"Psychobiology and molecular genetics of resilience","volume":"10","author":"Feder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01405.x","article-title":"Adolescent resiliency to family adversity","volume":"37","author":"Fergusson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Psychol Psychiatry & Allied Discip"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2009.05.003","article-title":"Trauma exposure and stress-related disorders in inner city primary care patients","volume":"31","author":"Gillespie","year":"2009","journal-title":"General Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.186","article-title":"Childhood adversities and adult psychiatric disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication I: associations with first onset of DSM-IV disorders","volume":"67","author":"Green","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.09m05780blu","article-title":"Exploration of the resilience construct in posttraumatic stress disorder severity and functional correlates in military combat veterans who have served since September 11, 2001","volume":"71","author":"Green","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.7.830","article-title":"Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence in the United States: results from the national Epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions","volume":"64","author":"Hasin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.181.5.433","article-title":"Survivors of the Piper Alpha oil platform disaster: long-term follow-up study","volume":"181","author":"Hull","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-7006(06)76147-4","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder in survivors of the Agadir earthquake (Morocco) in 1960","volume":"32","author":"Kadri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.10.953","article-title":"Childhood sexual abuse and adult psychiatric and substance use disorders in women: an epidemiological and cotwin control analysis","volume":"57","author":"Kendler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00164","article-title":"The construct of resilience: a critical evaluation and guidelines for future work","volume":"71","author":"Luthar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.187","article-title":"Childhood adversities and adult psychiatric disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication II: associations with persistence of DSM-IV disorders","volume":"67","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11020335","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment predicts unfavorable course of illness and treatment outcome in depression: a meta-analysis","volume":"169","author":"Nanni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2011.00126.x","article-title":"Substance use comorbidity among veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder and other psychiatric illness","volume":"20","author":"Petrakis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.08.001","article-title":"Risk and protective factors associated with suicidal ideation in veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom","volume":"123","author":"Pietrzak","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.04.015","article-title":"Psychosocial buffers of traumatic stress, depressive symptoms, and psychosocial difficulties in veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom: the role of resilience, unit support, and postdeployment social support","volume":"120","author":"Pietrzak","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013058625719","article-title":"The childhood trauma questionnaire in a community sample: psychometric properties and normative data","volume":"14","author":"Scher","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.56.2.212","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder among African Americans in an inner city mental health clinic","volume":"56","author":"Schwartz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychiatr Serv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(82)90005-3","article-title":"The drug abuse screening test","author":"Skinner","year":"1982","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143948","article-title":"The psychobiology of depression and resilience to stress: implications for prevention and treatment","volume":"1","author":"Southwick","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psycho"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01741.x","article-title":"Resiliency in adolescents at high risk for substance abuse: flexible adaptation via subthalamic nucleus and linkage to drinking and drug use in early adulthood","volume":"36","author":"Weiland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.6.816","article-title":"Childhood sexual abuse as a risk factor for depression in women: psychosocial and neurobiological correlates","volume":"156","author":"Weiss","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.04.009","article-title":"Moderating effects of resilience on depression in individuals with a history of childhood abuse or adult trauma","volume":"126","author":"Wingo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2006.00916.x","article-title":"Behavioral control and resiliency in the onset of alcohol and illicit drug use: a prospective study from preschool to adolescence","volume":"77","author":"Wong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-9684(15)30381-3","article-title":"The effect of resilience on posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed inner city primary care patients","volume":"103","author":"Wrenn","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.08.002","article-title":"A\u00a0comprehensive review of the psychometric properties of the Drug Abuse Screening Test","volume":"32","author":"Yudko","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Subst Abuse Treat"}],"container-title":["Journal of Psychiatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022395614000168?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022395614000168?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T19:50:57Z","timestamp":1565121057000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022395614000168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0022395614000168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3956"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3956","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Resilience characteristics mitigate tendency for harmful alcohol and illicit drug use in adults with a history of childhood abuse: A cross-sectional study of 2024 inner-city men and women","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Psychiatric Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.01.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}