{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T13:57:02Z","timestamp":1788011822722,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Psychiatric Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T10:58:17Z","timestamp":1747133897000},"page":"291-298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Identifying subgroups of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in adult general hospital attendees: associations with mental and physical health measures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"187","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7077-8729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rob","family":"Saunders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Nolte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom G.","family":"Osborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1757-652X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry","family":"Delamain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Riedl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Fonagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Lampe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E324","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.131792","article-title":"Child abuse and mental disorders in Canada","volume":"186","author":"Afifi","year":"2014","journal-title":"CMAJ (Can. Med. Assoc. J.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2014.915181","article-title":"Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: three-step approaches using Mplus","volume":"21","author":"Asparouhov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Model."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib3","series-title":"German Pain Questionnaire","author":"Association","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559517736628","article-title":"Latent classes and cumulative impacts of adverse childhood experiences","volume":"23","author":"Barboza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child. Maltreat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60240-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study","volume":"380","author":"Barnett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104185","article-title":"Co-occurrence of adverse childhood experiences and its association with family characteristics. A latent class analysis with Dutch population data","volume":"98","author":"Bussemakers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-200108000-00004","article-title":"Quality improvement research on late life depression in primary care","volume":"39","author":"Callahan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250264","article-title":"Development and validation of a self-report measure of epistemic trust","volume":"16","author":"Campbell","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.02.019","article-title":"Childhood maltreatment and DNA methylation: a systematic review","volume":"112","author":"Cecil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1977.tb01600.x","article-title":"Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm","volume":"39","author":"Dempster","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib11","series-title":"Brief Symptom Inventory","author":"Derogatis","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1037\/a0036505","article-title":"The role of mentalizing and epistemic trust in the therapeutic relationship","volume":"51","author":"Fonagy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-016-0283-3","article-title":"Psychometric analysis of the brief symptom inventory 18 (BSI-18) in a representative German sample","volume":"17","author":"Franke","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00420","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and the consequences on neurobiological, psychosocial, and somatic conditions across the lifespan","volume":"9","author":"Herzog","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1159\/000506406","article-title":"Multidirectional pathways between attachment, mentalizing, and posttraumatic stress symptomatology in the context of childhood trauma","volume":"53","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e356","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(17)30118-4","article-title":"The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Hughes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1026\/1616-3443\/a000257","article-title":"KERF - Ein Instrument zur umfassenden Ermittlung belastender Kindheitserfahrungen: Erstellung und psychometrische Beurteilung der deutschsprachigen MACE (Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure) Scale","volume":"43","author":"Isele","year":"2014","journal-title":"Z. Klin. Psychol. Psychother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.3109\/10253890.2015.1023791","article-title":"Stress the International Journal on the Biology of Stress Adverse childhood experiences and chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity Adverse childhood experiences and chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity","volume":"18","author":"Kalmakis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104914","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and early life inflammation in the Avon longitudinal study of parents and children","volume":"122","author":"Lacey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2020.1720336","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences and chronic lung diseases in adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Lopes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib21","series-title":"Latent Class Analysis and Finite Mixture Modeling","author":"Masyn","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.07.020","article-title":"Outcomes related to adverse childhood experiences in college students: comparing latent class analysis and cumulative risk","volume":"87","author":"Merians","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.182.2.153","article-title":"Hospital doctors' management of psychological problems \u2013 mayou & Smith revisited","volume":"182","author":"Morgan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib24","series-title":"Mplus User's Guide","author":"Muth\u00e9n","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib25","series-title":"Long-Term Conditions and Mental Health. The Cost of Co-morbidities","author":"Naylor","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701575396","article-title":"Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: a Monte Carlo simulation study","volume":"14","author":"Nylund","year":"2007","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Model."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2022.105562","article-title":"Adverse childhood experiences: examining latent classes and associations with physical, psychological, and risk-related outcomes in adulthood","volume":"127","author":"Parnes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2018.11.019","article-title":"Violence from childhood to adulthood: the influence of child victimization and domestic violence on physical health in later life","volume":"116","author":"Riedl","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2020.03.005","article-title":"Prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and associated physical and mental health problems amongst hospital patients: results from a cross-sectional study","volume":"64","author":"Riedl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-2019-001297","article-title":"Childhood adversities in UK treatment-seeking military veterans","volume":"168","author":"Ross","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Mil. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2007.12.006","article-title":"Anxiety disorders and comorbid medical illness","volume":"30","author":"Roy-Byrne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2019.103505","article-title":"Latent variable mixture modelling and individual treatment prediction","volume":"124","author":"Saunders","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.03.011","article-title":"Predicting treatment outcome in psychological treatment services by identifying latent profiles of patients","volume":"197","author":"Saunders","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib34","series-title":"Stata Statistical Software: Release 16","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2014.857517","article-title":"Eating disorders, trauma, PTSD, and psychosocial resources","volume":"22","author":"Tagay","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eat. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib36","series-title":"Eine Verfahrensfamilie zur Identifikation von traumatischen Ereignissen und Traumafolgest\u00f6rungen","article-title":"Essener trauma-Inventar","author":"Tagay","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000586","article-title":"Altered pressure pain thresholds and increased wind-up in adult patients with chronic back pain with a history of childhood maltreatment: a quantitative sensory testing study","volume":"157","author":"Tesarz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib38","first-page":"635","article-title":"Pr\u00e4valenz und Folgen belastender Kindheitserlebnisse in der deutschen Bev\u00f6lkerung","volume":"116","author":"Witt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dtsch. Arztebl. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-018-0887-5","article-title":"The effects of neighborhood context on exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACE) among adolescents involved in the juvenile justice system: latent classes and contextual effects","volume":"47","author":"Wolff","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-306667","article-title":"Long-term effects of bullying","volume":"100","author":"Wolke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."}],"container-title":["Journal of Psychiatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022395625003231?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022395625003231?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T04:14:35Z","timestamp":1778386475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022395625003231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["S0022395625003231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3956"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3956","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Identifying subgroups of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in adult general hospital attendees: associations with mental and physical health measures","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Psychiatric Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.05.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}