{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:39:44Z","timestamp":1789605584119,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Psychiatric Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T06:46:51Z","timestamp":1753944411000},"page":"17-24","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["A population-based study assessing posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder in Turkish adults"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"190","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8189-930X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gizem","family":"Karao\u011flan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4000-7429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatih","family":"Ekici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8022-3962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00fctfi Saltuk","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7775-3962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zkan","family":"G\u00fcler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.2753\/IMH0020-7411360306","article-title":"Psychological trauma: research and practice in Turkey","volume":"36","author":"Aker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Ment. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib2","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2018.210","article-title":"Psychological distress and psychiatric disorder after natural disasters: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"213","author":"Beaglehole","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715001981","article-title":"The epidemiology of traumatic event exposure worldwide: results from the world mental health survey consortium","volume":"46","author":"Benjet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.5.748","article-title":"Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults","volume":"68","author":"Brewin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Consult. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716002026","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder associated with natural and human-made disasters in the World Mental Health surveys","volume":"47","author":"Bromet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20379","article-title":"A community\u2010based survey of posttraumatic stress disorder in the Netherlands","volume":"22","author":"Bronner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-018-0976-x","article-title":"The current evidence for acute stress disorder","volume":"20","author":"Bryant","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2011.10.007","article-title":"The capacity of acute stress disorder to predict posttraumatic psychiatric disorders","volume":"46","author":"Bryant","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.09.006","article-title":"Frequency of trauma exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder in Italy: analysis from the World Mental Health survey initiative","volume":"59","author":"Carmassi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-020-1140-y","article-title":"Gender-and sex-based contributors to sex differences in PTSD","volume":"22","author":"Christiansen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-018-1769-9","article-title":"Prevalence of acute stress disorder among road traffic accident survivors: a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Dai","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib13","first-page":"51","article-title":"DSM-5 bozukluklar\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f klinik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmenin klinisyen versiyonunun t\u00fcrk\u00e7eye uyarlanmas\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenilirlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131","volume":"30","author":"Elbir","year":"2019","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk Psikiyatri Derg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib14","article-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM-5 disorders","author":"First","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Ver. (SCID-5-CV)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00463.x","article-title":"Trauma exposure and post\u2010traumatic stress disorder in the general population","volume":"111","author":"Frans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20845","article-title":"Classification of trauma and stressor\u2010related disorders in DSM\u20105","volume":"28","author":"Friedman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Depress. Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.05.050","article-title":"Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder in a large community sample of Chinese adults","volume":"291","author":"Geng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838020933844","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis on acute stress disorder: rates following different types of traumatic events","volume":"23","author":"Geoffrion","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s10464-007-9134-z","article-title":"Distribution of traumatic and other stressful life events by race\/ethnicity, gender, SES and age: a review of the research","volume":"40","author":"Hatch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Community Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.23048","article-title":"Understanding trauma as contextualized adverse life events that threaten the individual: commentary in response to Marx et al.(2024)","volume":"37","author":"Herzog","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.261","article-title":"Prevention of trauma and stressor-related disorders: a review","volume":"41","author":"Howlett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib22","series-title":"Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2022.2040232","article-title":"Predictors and severity of probable acute stress disorder following the Beirut Port Blast","volume":"13","author":"Karam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Unveiling the neglected role of the intensity of acute stress disorder in the prediction of full-and sub-threshold posttraumatic stress disorder: looking beyond the diagnosis","author":"Karam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatr. Psychiatr. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1353383","article-title":"Trauma and PTSD in the WHO world mental health surveys","volume":"8","author":"Kessler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051725","article-title":"Prevalence of potentially traumatic events, other life events and subsequent reactions indicative for posttraumatic stress disorder in the Netherlands: a general population study based on the trauma screening questionnaire","volume":"17","author":"Knipscheer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib27","first-page":"22","article-title":"Domestic violence among women attending to psychiatric outpatient clinic","volume":"55","author":"Kurt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Noro Psikiyatri Arsivi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-016-1295-3","article-title":"The epidemiology of post-traumatic stress disorder in Norway: trauma characteristics and pre-existing psychiatric disorders","volume":"52","author":"Lassemo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatr. Psychiatr. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3109\/00048674.2010.543654","article-title":"Assessing the prevalence of trauma exposure in epidemiological surveys","volume":"45","author":"Mills","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2009.10.003","article-title":"An experimental comparison of index traumatic event queries in PTSD assessment","volume":"24","author":"Naifeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.03.027","article-title":"Impulsivity is relevant for trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms in a non-clinical population","volume":"239","author":"Netto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796014000092","article-title":"Association between traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder: results from the ESEMeD-Spain study","volume":"24","author":"Olaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Psychiatr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.1.52","article-title":"Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms in adults: a meta-analysis","volume":"129","author":"Ozer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2012.02.009","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidality: the role of comorbid depression","volume":"53","author":"Panagioti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.05.049","article-title":"A longitudinal investigation of trauma-specific rumination and PTSD symptoms: the moderating role of interpersonal trauma experience","volume":"292","author":"Preston","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1614.2002.01039.x","article-title":"Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in Australia: findings in the population sample of the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing","volume":"36","author":"Rosenman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059236","article-title":"A systematic review of PTSD prevalence and trajectories in DSM-5 defined trauma exposed populations: intentional and non-intentional traumatic events","volume":"8","author":"Santiago","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0001121","article-title":"Advancements in the understanding of PTSD and suicide risk: introduction to a special section","volume":"13","author":"Stanley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychol. Trauma : Theor. Res. Pract. Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010574","article-title":"Cross-national analysis of the associations between traumatic events and suicidal behavior: findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys","volume":"5","author":"Stein","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.10.1675","article-title":"Genetic and environmental influences on trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: a twin study","volume":"159","author":"Stein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1177\/0020872813503859","article-title":"Trauma in global contexts: integrating local practices and socio-cultural meanings into new explanatory frameworks of trauma","volume":"59","author":"Suarez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Soc. Work"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.01.086","article-title":"Understanding trajectories of underlying dimensions of posttraumatic psychopathology","volume":"284","author":"Sumner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796013000188","article-title":"Broadening the scope of epidemiology in conflict-affected settings: opportunities for mental health prevention and promotion","volume":"22","author":"Tol","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Psychiatr. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2021.2006502","article-title":"Psychological risk factors that characterize acute stress disorder and trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder after injury: a study using latent class analysis","volume":"13","author":"Visser","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Psychotraumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001447","article-title":"The course, prediction, and treatment of acute and posttraumatic stress in trauma patients: a systematic review","volume":"82","author":"Visser","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Trauma Acute Care Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2832-2-4","article-title":"Risk and resiliency factors in posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"2","author":"Voges","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22807","article-title":"Gender differences in disorders comorbid with posttraumatic stress disorder among US Sailors and Marines","volume":"35","author":"Walter","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib48","author":"Weathers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22430","article-title":"The Hong Kong survey on the epidemiology of trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder","volume":"32","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Trauma Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.10.094","article-title":"Gender differences in risk of posttraumatic stress symptoms after disaster among older people: differential exposure or differential vulnerability?","volume":"297","author":"Yazawa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.06.082","article-title":"Childhood trauma and suicide attempt: a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies from the last decade","volume":"256","author":"Zatti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Psychiatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022395625004753?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022395625004753?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T18:08:53Z","timestamp":1778177333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022395625004753"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["S0022395625004753"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3956"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3956","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A population-based study assessing posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder in Turkish adults","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Psychiatric Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2025.07.034","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}