{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:56:29Z","timestamp":1791950189557,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpurol.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,26]],"date-time":"2020-03-26T01:41:50Z","timestamp":1585186910000},"page":"386.e1-386.e11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Incontinence in persons with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a polish cohort"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Roozen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna Anna","family":"Dylag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Przybyszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justine","family":"Niemczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"von Gontard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gjalt-Jorn Ygram","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerjo","family":"Kok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopold","family":"Curfs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4256","article-title":"Updated clinical guidelines for diagnosing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"138","author":"Hoyme","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1040302","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Canadian guidelines for diagnosis","volume":"172","author":"Chudley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib3","series-title":"Diagnostic guide for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: the 4-digit diagnostic code","author":"Astley","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(87)90087-1","article-title":"Incidence of fetal alcohol syndrome and economic impact of FAS-related anomalies","volume":"19","author":"Abel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib5","first-page":"433","article-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome--Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, and New York, 1995-1997","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12939","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a systematic literature review including meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Roozen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12219","article-title":"FASD prevalence among schoolchildren in Poland","volume":"30","author":"Okulicz-kozaryn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Appl Res Intellect Disabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s40817-016-0025-9","article-title":"Prevention and intervention for FASD in Poland","author":"Okulicz-Kozaryn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91092-1","article-title":"Recognition of the fetal alcohol syndrome in early infancy","volume":"302","author":"Jones","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20152542","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2542","article-title":"Prenatal alcohol exposure, FASD, and Child behavior: a meta-analysis","volume":"137","author":"Tsang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s40474-014-0020-8","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: recent neuroimaging findings","volume":"1","author":"Moore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Dev Disord Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-011-9166-x","article-title":"Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: an overview","volume":"21","author":"Riley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib13","first-page":"74","article-title":"A Long - term Perspective of FAS Few people in their adolescent or adult years are diagnosed","volume":"18","author":"Streissguth","year":"1994","journal-title":"Alcohol Health Res World"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0894","article-title":"Psychological problems in children with daytime wetting","volume":"118","author":"Joinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsl039","article-title":"Psychological problems in children with bedwetting and combined (day and night) wetting: a UK population-based study","volume":"32","author":"Joinson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1773","article-title":"Psychological differences between children with and without soiling problems","volume":"117","author":"Joinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib17","series-title":"IACAPAP E-Textb. Child Adolesc. Ment. Heal.","article-title":"Enuresis","author":"von Gontard","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib18","series-title":"Management of disorders of bladder and bowel control in childhood","author":"von Gontard","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1988.tb10614.x","article-title":"Enuresis in seven year old children","volume":"77","author":"J\u00e4rvelin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.78.5.884","article-title":"Factors related to the age of attainment of nocturnal bladder control: an 8-year longitudinal study","volume":"78","author":"Fergusson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02009667","article-title":"Micturition habits and incontinence in 7-year-old Swedish school entrants","volume":"149","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib22","first-page":"155","article-title":"Die Entwicklung der Darm-und Blasenkontrolle von der Geburt bis zum 18","volume":"108","author":"Largo","year":"1978","journal-title":"Lebensjahr Longitudinale Studie Schweiz Med Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1990.tb16977.x","article-title":"Development of bowel and bladder control in the mentally retarded","volume":"32","author":"von Wendt","year":"1990","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2017.02.009","article-title":"Nocturnal incontinence in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) in a South African cohort","volume":"13","author":"Roozen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib25","series-title":"IACAPAP E-Textb. Child Adolesc. Ment. Heal.","article-title":"Encopresis","author":"von Gontard","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23564","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the \u201cparental questionnaire: enuresis\/urinary incontinence\u201d (PQ-EnU)","author":"Niemczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.03.075","article-title":"Validity of the international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms: a screening questionnaire for children","volume":"184","author":"De Gennaro","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22751","article-title":"The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: update report from the standardization committee of the International Children's Continence Society","volume":"35","author":"Austin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib29","series-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib30","series-title":"Wechsler intelligence scale for children\u2013","author":"Wechsler","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib31","series-title":"And environment for statistical computing","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib32","first-page":"690","article-title":"Siatki centylowe wysoko\u015bci , masy cia\u0142a i wska\u017anika masy cia\u0142a dzieci i m\u0142odzie\u017cy w Polsce \u2013 wyniki badania OLAF","volume":"7","author":"Gurzkowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stand Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2016.09.003","article-title":"Rounding numbers","volume":"152","author":"Blackstone","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01345-8","article-title":"Comorbidity of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"387","author":"Popova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet (Lond, Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib35","series-title":"How often does urinary incontinence really affect primary school children","author":"Czajka Sz","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012_bib36","series-title":"Urinary and fecal incontinence a training program for children and adolescents","author":"Equit","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1477513120300462?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1477513120300462?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T13:48:57Z","timestamp":1761486537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1477513120300462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1477513120300462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-5131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-5131","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Incontinence in persons with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a polish cohort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pediatric Urology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.02.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}