{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T20:37:45Z","timestamp":1761511065941,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jpurol.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,24]],"date-time":"2020-07-24T03:19:44Z","timestamp":1595560784000},"page":"594.e1-594.e7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The pudendal nerve block for ambulatory urology: What's old is new again. A quality improvement project"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Chinonyerem","family":"Okoro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3281-2663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6957-5326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shannon","family":"Cannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Liston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas S.","family":"Lendvay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8537(05)70168-1","article-title":"Regional anesthesia in pediatrics","volume":"18","author":"Markakis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2000.00462.x","article-title":"The caudal canal in children: a study using magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"10","author":"Adewale","year":"2000","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2010.03406.x","article-title":"Successful resuscitation of bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity in a neonate","volume":"20","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-012-9877-3","article-title":"Major complications related to epidural analgesia in children: a 15-year audit of 3,152 epidurals","volume":"60","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can J Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9592.2011.03702.x","article-title":"Surgical outcome in children undergoing hypospadias repair under caudal epidural vs penile block","volume":"22","author":"Kundra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13119","article-title":"The association between caudal anesthesia and increased risk of postoperative surgical complications in boys undergoing hypospadias repair","volume":"27","author":"Taicher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.13463","article-title":"Impact of caudal block on postoperative complications in children undergoing tubularised incised plate urethroplasty for hypospadias repair: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"71","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13657","article-title":"Effect of anesthesia for hypospadias repair on perioperative complications","volume":"29","author":"Splinter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003005.pub2","article-title":"Caudal epidural block versus other methods of postoperative pain relief for circumcision in boys","author":"Cyna","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib10","article-title":"Pudendal nerve block versus penile nerve block in children undergoing circumcision","author":"Tutuncu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Urol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.1998.00669.x","article-title":"Neuroanatomy of the penile portion of the human dorsal nerve of the penis","volume":"82","author":"Yang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.3109\/13697137.2014.912263","article-title":"Management of pudendal neuralgia","volume":"17","author":"P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182a8ee52","article-title":"The effectiveness of pudendal nerve block versus caudal block anesthesia for hypospadias in children","author":"Naja","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000447","article-title":"Pudendal versus caudal block in children undergoing hypospadias surgery a randomized controlled trial","volume":"41","author":"Kendigelen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2017.11.006","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided pudendal block is a viable alternative to caudal block for hypospadias surgery: a single-surgeon pilot study","author":"Hecht","year":"2018","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13286","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided pudendal nerve block in children: a new technique of ultrasound-guided transperineal approach","author":"Gaudet-Ferrand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib17","unstructured":"Foley T. Background: Learning healthcare system. Learn Healthc Proj [n.d]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib18","first-page":"293","article-title":"The FLACC: a behavioral scale for scoring postoperative pain in young children","volume":"23","author":"Merkel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(94)00001-K","article-title":"The post-anesthesia recovery score revisited","volume":"7","author":"Aldrete","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib20","first-page":"264","article-title":"The health care data guide: learning from data for improvement","author":"Provost","year":"2011","journal-title":"Heal Care Data Guid"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000003977","article-title":"Statistical process control: No hits, No runs, No errors?","volume":"128","author":"Vetter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.11.030","article-title":"Caudal epidural blocks in paediatric patients: a review and practical considerations","volume":"122","author":"Wiegele","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200007000-00007","article-title":"Anesthesia-related cardiac arrest in children: initial findings of the pediatric perioperative cardiac arrest (POCA) registry","volume":"93","author":"Morray","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.15275","article-title":"Role of nerve block as a diagnostic tool in pudendal nerve entrapment","volume":"89","author":"Dickson","year":"2019","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2004\/7\/319","article-title":"A novel technique for pudendal nerve block","volume":"7","author":"Abdi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain Physician"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1477513120304368?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1477513120304368?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T13:49:25Z","timestamp":1761486565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1477513120304368"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1477513120304368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-5131"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1477-5131"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The pudendal nerve block for ambulatory urology: What's old is new again. A quality improvement project","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pediatric Urology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpurol.2020.07.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}