{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T06:22:44Z","timestamp":1791181364003,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,30]],"date-time":"2009-04-30T07:34:10Z","timestamp":1241076850000},"page":"33-40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Functional expression of pattern recognition receptors in tissues of the human female reproductive tract"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Hart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy J.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karlene T.","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles R.","family":"Wira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Guyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Pioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.12.032","article-title":"The Crohn's disease protein, NOD2, requires RIP2 in order to induce ubiquitinylation of a novel site on NEMO","volume":"14","author":"Abbott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del388","article-title":"Menstrual cycle-dependent changes of Toll-like receptors in endometrium","volume":"22","author":"Aflatoonian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib3","first-page":"113","article-title":"Essential involvement of interleukin-8 in neutrophil recruitment in rabbits with acute experimental arthritis induced by lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1","volume":"13","author":"Akahoshi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lymphokine Cytokine Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1391","article-title":"Toll-like receptor signalling","volume":"4","author":"Akira","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2007.01.003","article-title":"Viral recognition by Toll-like receptors","volume":"19","author":"Barton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20441","article-title":"NOD2\/CARD15 genotype influences MDP-induced cytokine release and basal IL-12p40 levels in primary isolated peripheral blood monocytes","author":"Beynon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1038\/ni945","article-title":"An essential role for NOD1 in host recognition of bacterial peptidoglycan containing diaminopimelic acid","volume":"4","author":"Chamaillard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2006.00447.x","article-title":"NOD protein expression and function in first trimester trophoblast cells","volume":"57","author":"Costello","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2006.06.003","article-title":"TLRs, NLRs and RLRs: a trinity of pathogen sensors that co-operate in innate immunity","volume":"27","author":"Creagh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dml030","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis-associated tubal factor subfertility: immunogenetic aspects and serological screening","volume":"12","author":"den Hartog","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh775","article-title":"Characterization of Toll-like receptors in the female reproductive tract in humans","volume":"20","author":"Fazeli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1084677","article-title":"Nod1 detects a unique muropeptide from gram-negative bacterial peptidoglycan","volume":"300","author":"Girardin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41702","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307198200","article-title":"Peptidoglycan molecular requirements allowing detection by Nod1 and Nod2","volume":"278","author":"Girardin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00311.x","article-title":"Flow cytometric analysis of leukocytes in the human female reproductive tract: comparison of fallopian tube, uterus, cervix, and vagina","volume":"38","author":"Givan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)01201-1","article-title":"Pattern recognition receptors: doubling up for the innate immune response","volume":"111","author":"Gordon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0241","article-title":"Evidence for the presence of toll-like receptor 4 system in the human endometrium","volume":"90","author":"Hirata","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4531","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.9.4531","article-title":"Quantitative expression of toll-like receptor 1\u201310 mRNA in cellular subsets of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sensitivity to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides","volume":"168","author":"Hornung","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib18","first-page":"53","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis as a cause of abortion","volume":"34","author":"Hossain","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Hyg. Epidemiol. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib19","first-page":"420","article-title":"Adverse foetal outcome in specific IgM positive Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnancy","volume":"94","author":"Jain","year":"1991","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.20.083001.084359","article-title":"Innate immune recognition","volume":"20","author":"Janeway","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/416194a","article-title":"RICK\/Rip2\/CARDIAK mediates signalling for receptors of the innate and adaptive immune systems","volume":"416","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1326.020","article-title":"Innate immune sensing of microbes by Nod proteins. Inflammatory bowel disease: genetics, barrier function, immunologic mechanisms, and microbial pathways","volume":"1072","author":"Kufer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2006.09.067","article-title":"Solution structure of NOD1 CARD and mutational analysis of its interaction with the CARD of downstream kinase RICK","volume":"365","author":"Manon","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1105672","article-title":"New insights into the regulation of TLR signaling","volume":"80","author":"Miggin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-07-0067","article-title":"Critical role of toll-like receptors and nucleotide oligomerisation domain in the regulation of health and disease","volume":"193","author":"Mitchell","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4812","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M008072200","article-title":"Nod2, a Nod1\/Apaf-1 family member that is restricted to monocytes and activates NF-kappaB","volume":"276","author":"Ogura","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2380","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.4.2380","article-title":"RICK\/RIP2 mediates innate immune responses induced through Nod1 and Nod2 but not TLRs","volume":"178","author":"Park","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5799","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.10.5799-5806.2004","article-title":"Differential expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in tissues of the human female reproductive tract","volume":"72","author":"Pioli","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21013","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M512908200","article-title":"TLR8-mediated NF-kappaB and JNK activation are TAK1-independent and MEKK3-dependent","volume":"281","author":"Qin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0378(02)00019-0","article-title":"The innate and early immune response to pathogen challenge in the female genital tract and the pivotal role of epithelial cells","volume":"57","author":"Quayle","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-7502-y","article-title":"NOD-like receptors: ancient sentinels of the innate immune system","author":"Rosenstiel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2004.01898.x","article-title":"Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression and TLR-mediated cytokine\/chemokine production by human uterine epithelial cells","volume":"112","author":"Schaefer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1747","article-title":"Signalling pathways and molecular interactions of NOD1 and NOD2","volume":"6","author":"Strober","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141126","article-title":"Toll-like receptors","volume":"21","author":"Takeda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1205756","article-title":"Pivotal advance: activation of cell surface Toll-like receptors causes shedding of the hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163","volume":"80","author":"Weaver","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2006.00686.x","article-title":"Stimulation of the cytosolic receptor for peptidoglycan, Nod1, by infection with Chlamydia trachomatis or Chlamydia muridarum","volume":"8","author":"Welter-Stahl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2000.440205.x","article-title":"A method for the dispersal and characterization of leukocytes from the human female reproductive tract","volume":"44","author":"White","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00189.x","article-title":"Expression of Toll-like receptors in human endometrial epithelial cells and cell lines","volume":"52","author":"Young","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165037809000461?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165037809000461?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,20]],"date-time":"2018-12-20T01:55:16Z","timestamp":1545270916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165037809000461"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0165037809000461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jri.2008.12.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}}}