{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:48:20Z","timestamp":1782190100229,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017956","name":"Health Commission of Gansu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017956","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T16:24:23Z","timestamp":1771086263000},"page":"104861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["V\u03b42 T-cell cytotoxic polarity shift is associated with vascular dysfunction in unexplained recurrent miscarriage: A preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"174","author":[{"given":"Xiao-xia","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-xing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-ling","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-ming","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.47391\/JPMA.7537","article-title":"Comparison of thrombomodulin, vWF, and ADAMTS13 levels between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy","volume":"74","author":"Ahmad","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pak. Med Assoc."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib2","article-title":"Role of low molecular weight heparin in the management of unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: a review of literature","volume":"12","author":"Awolumate","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.6.2683","article-title":"Recognition of nonclassical HLA class I antigens by gamma delta T cells during pregnancy","volume":"168","author":"Barakonyi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib4","article-title":"ESHRE guideline: recurrent pregnancy loss: an update in 2022","volume":"2023","author":"Bender Atik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2019.01.003","article-title":"Changes of \u03b3\u03b4T cell subtypes during pregnancy and their influences in spontaneous abortion","volume":"131","author":"Cai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib6","first-page":"113","article-title":"Decidual RANKL\/RANK interaction promotes the residence and polarization of TGF-\u03b21-producing regulatory \u03b3\u03b4 T cells","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.3390\/children10091430","article-title":"The current role of the sFlt-1\/PlGF ratio and the uterine-umbilical-cerebral doppler ultrasound in predicting and monitoring hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: an update with a review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Chiril\u0103","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2001.450501.x","article-title":"TH1\/TH2,3 imbalance due to cytokine-producing NK, gammadelta T and NK-gammadelta T cells in murine pregnancy decidua in success or failure of pregnancy","volume":"45","author":"Clark","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.2001.0315","article-title":"Procoagulants in fetus rejection: the role of the OX-2 (CD200) tolerance signal","volume":"13","author":"Clark","year":"2001","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-014-0645-x","article-title":"LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase): a biochemical marker for the prediction of adverse outcomes in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia","volume":"66","author":"Dave","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. India"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12158","article-title":"Thymic stromal lymphopoietin suppresses the apoptosis of decidual gamma-delta T cells via regulation of the signal transduction and activation of transcription 3\/caspase-3 signaling pathway","volume":"70","author":"Duan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"42","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43929","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M401418200","article-title":"Identification of placenta growth factor determinants for binding and activation of Flt-1 receptor","volume":"279","author":"Errico","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719118777638","article-title":"Trophoblast-derived CXCL16 decreased granzyme b production of decidal \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and promoted Bcl-xL expression of trophoblasts","volume":"26","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061022","article-title":"Complement activation induces dysregulation of angiogenic factors and causes fetal rejection and growth restriction","volume":"203","author":"Girardi","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2002.01094.x","article-title":"The same immunoregulatory molecules contribute to successful pregnancy and transplantation","volume":"48","author":"Gorczynski","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib16","first-page":"334","article-title":"Comprehensive RNA expression profile analysis of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells from peripheral blood and decidual tissues in normal pregnancy (NP) donors and patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL)","volume":"113","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib17","article-title":"PD-1 mediates decidual \u03b3\u03b4 T cells cytotoxicity during recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"88","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2020.103269","article-title":"Granzyme B-expressing \u03b3\u03b4-T and NK cells as a predictor of clinical pregnancy failure in patients with unexplained repeated implantation failure","volume":"144","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13696","article-title":"von Willebrand factor and inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Kawecki","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4672","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-08-453738","article-title":"LAMP1\/CD107a is required for efficient perforin delivery to lytic granules and NK-cell cytotoxicity","volume":"121","author":"Krzewski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055352","article-title":"Soluble endoglin and other circulating antiangiogenic factors in preeclampsia","volume":"355","author":"Levine","year":"2006","journal-title":"NEW Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-024-01289-5","article-title":"Discussion on the evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of uterine artery blood flow parameters and serum PLGF and sFlt-1 in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"22","author":"Lian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13534","article-title":"Correlations of the expression of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and their co-stimulatory molecules TIGIT, PD-1, ICOS and BTLA with PR and PIBF in the peripheral blood and decidual tissues of women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"203","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2021.01.012","article-title":"Molecular and immunological developments in placentas","volume":"82","author":"Nakashima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Immunol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0075759","article-title":"An increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF soluble receptor-1 (sFlt-1) are associated with early recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"8","author":"Pang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.29271\/jcpsp.2025.06.717","article-title":"Role of low molecular weight heparin in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"35","author":"Parveen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2016.48","article-title":"The majority of murine \u03b3\u03b4 T cells at the maternal-fetal interface in pregnancy produce IL-17","volume":"94","author":"Pinget","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib28","article-title":"Accumulation of IL-17(+) V\u03b36(+) \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in pregnant mice is not associated with spontaneous abortion. Clin Transl","volume":"7","author":"Polese","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1999.tb00433.x","article-title":"The role of gamma\/delta T cell receptor positive cells in pregnancy","volume":"41","author":"Polgar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"2S","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.10.022","article-title":"Imbalances in circulating angiogenic factors in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and related disorders","volume":"226","author":"Rana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4224","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI122182","article-title":"Regulatory T cells in embryo implantation and the immune response to pregnancy","volume":"128","author":"Robertson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2017.07.018","article-title":"Peripheral gamma delta T cells secrete inflammatory cytokines in women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"102","author":"Talukdar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2643","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052643","article-title":"HLA-G expression\/secretion and T-cell cytotoxicity in missed abortion in comparison to normal pregnancy","volume":"25","author":"Terzieva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13717","article-title":"\u03b3\u03b4-T cell with high toxic potential was associated with recurrent miscarriage","volume":"90","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13859","article-title":"Maternal-fetal immunity and recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"91","author":"Yao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.724662","article-title":"Activated \u03b3\u03b4 T cells with higher CD107a expression and inflammatory potential during early pregnancy in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"12","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib37","article-title":"Early pregnancy human decidua gamma\/delta T cells exhibit tissue resident and specific functional characteristics","volume":"28","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gaz019","article-title":"Platelet-derived microparticles from recurrent miscarriage associated with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome influence behaviours of trophoblast and endothelial cells","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod."}],"container-title":["Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165037826000306?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165037826000306?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T04:15:28Z","timestamp":1782188128000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165037826000306"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0165037826000306"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-0378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-0378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"V\u03b42 T-cell cytotoxic polarity shift is associated with vascular dysfunction in unexplained recurrent miscarriage: A preliminary study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Reproductive Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jri.2026.104861","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104861"}}