{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:55:20Z","timestamp":1791287720951,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jsams.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,5]],"date-time":"2017-12-05T23:09:05Z","timestamp":1512515345000},"page":"789-793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":153,"title":["Eccentric hamstring strength deficit and poor hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio are risk factors for hamstring strain injury in football: A prospective study of 146 professional players"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6055-5492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin W.Y.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kam-Ming","family":"Mok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hardaway C.K.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick S.H.","family":"Yung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Ming","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510395879","article-title":"Epidemiology of muscle injuries in professional football (soccer)","volume":"39","author":"Ekstrand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0010","first-page":"119","article-title":"A prospective epidemiological study of injury incidence and injury patterns in a Hong Kong male professional football league during the competitive season","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Technol"},{"issue":"Jan","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0015","article-title":"Hamstring injuries have increased by 4% annually in men's professional football, since 2001: a 13-year longitudinal analysis of the UEFA Elite Club injury study","volume":"8","author":"Ekstrand","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509358381","article-title":"Intrinsic risk factors for hamstring injuries among male soccer players: a prospective cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Engebretsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.35.6.435","article-title":"Clinical risk factors for hamstring muscle strain injury: a prospective study with correlation of injury by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"35","author":"Verrall","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.002352","article-title":"The Football Association Medical Research Programme: an audit of injuries in professional football\u2014analysis of hamstring injuries","volume":"38","author":"Woods","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.37.5.384","article-title":"Risk factors for sports injuries \u2014 a methodological approach","volume":"37","author":"Bahr","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199407000-00004","article-title":"Assessing causation in sport injury: a multifactorial model","volume":"4","author":"Meeuwisse","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0838.2003.00312.x","article-title":"Hamstring injury occurrence in elite soccer players after preseason strength training with eccentric overload","volume":"13","author":"Askling","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090534","article-title":"High-speed running type or stretching-type of hamstring injuries makes a difference to treatment and prognosis","volume":"46","author":"Askling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5S","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503258912","article-title":"Risk factors for injuries in football","volume":"32","author":"Arnason","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515599633","article-title":"Eccentric knee flexor strength and risk of hamstring injuries in Rugby Union: a prospective study","volume":"43","author":"Bourne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.077560","article-title":"Intrinsic risk factors of non-contact quadriceps and hamstring strains in soccer: a prospective study of 100 professional players","volume":"45","author":"Fousekis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090664","article-title":"Risk factors for hamstring muscle strain injury in sport: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Freckleton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512470634","article-title":"Risk factors for lower extremity muscle injury in professional soccer: the UEFA injury study","volume":"41","author":"H\u00e4gglund","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.056937","article-title":"UEFA injury study\u2014an injury audit of European Championships 2006 to 2008","volume":"43","author":"Hagglund","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000465","article-title":"Eccentric hamstring strength and hamstring injury risk in Australian footballers","volume":"47","author":"Opar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546516632526","article-title":"Hamstring and quadriceps isokinetic strength deficits are weak risk factors for hamstring strain injuries: a 4-year cohort study","author":"van Dyk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659702500116","article-title":"Preseason hamstring muscle weakness associated with hamstring muscle injury in Australian footballers","volume":"25","author":"Orchard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300020901","article-title":"Hamstring muscle strain recurrence and strength performance disorders","volume":"30","author":"Croisier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508316764","article-title":"Strength imbalances and prevention of hamstring injury in professional soccer players","volume":"36","author":"Croisier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2008.056283","article-title":"A prospective cohort study of hamstring injuries in competitive sprinters: preseason muscle imbalance as a possible risk factor","volume":"43","author":"Yeung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-095362","article-title":"Short biceps femoris fascicles and eccentric knee flexor weakness increase the risk of hamstring injury in elite football (soccer): a prospective cohort study","volume":"50","author":"Timmins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesf.2017.04.001","article-title":"The reliability and validity of a video-based method for assessing hamstring strength in football players","volume":"15","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Exerc Sci Fit"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.025270","article-title":"Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries","volume":"40","author":"Fuller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31818cb278","article-title":"Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science","volume":"41","author":"Hopkins","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"6948","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6948.188","article-title":"Diagnostic tests 3: receiver operating characteristic plots","volume":"309","author":"Altman","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2006.00634.x","article-title":"Prevention of hamstring strains in elite soccer: an intervention study","volume":"18","author":"Arnason","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511419277","article-title":"Preventive effect of eccentric training on acute hamstring injuries in men\u2019s soccer: a cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Petersen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017_bib0150","first-page":"1316","article-title":"The preventive effect of the Nordic hamstring exercise on hamstring injuries in amateur soccer players: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial","volume":"43","author":"van der Horst","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inj Prev"}],"container-title":["Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1440244017318224?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1440244017318224?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T17:49:43Z","timestamp":1761414583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1440244017318224"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1440244017318224"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["1440-2440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1440-2440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Eccentric hamstring strength deficit and poor hamstring-to-quadriceps ratio are risk factors for hamstring strain injury in football: A prospective study of 146 professional players","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.11.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}