{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:47:08Z","timestamp":1791841628897,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,1]],"date-time":"2006-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofsubstanceabusetreatment.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,6]],"date-time":"2006-04-06T19:28:31Z","timestamp":1144351711000},"page":"261-270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["Person-related and treatment-related barriers to alcohol treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Zygowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin R.","family":"D'Angelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib1","first-page":"751","article-title":"Barriers to treatment for addicted African-American women","volume":"87","author":"Allen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the National Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1987.48.220","article-title":"A comparison of black and white women entering alcoholism treatment","volume":"48","author":"Amaro","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1986.47.135","article-title":"Personal and social difficulties faced by females and males entering alcoholism treatment","volume":"45","author":"Beckman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379704200904","article-title":"Treatment-seeking for psychiatric disorders","volume":"42","author":"Bland","year":"1997","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1995.56.423","article-title":"The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): Validation of a screening instrument for use in medical settings","volume":"56","author":"Bohn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3289(96)90227-8","article-title":"Late-life problem drinking: Personal and environmental risk factors for 4-year functioning outcomes and treatment seeking","volume":"8","author":"Brennan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3289(94)90217-8","article-title":"Personal and environmental risk factors as predictors of alcohol use, depression, and treatment-seeking: A longitudinal analysis of late-life problem drinkers","volume":"6","author":"Brennan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib8","series-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in access to health insurance and health care","author":"Brown","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.2.211","article-title":"The relationship between mortality and intensity of inpatient alcoholism treatment","volume":"84","author":"Bunn","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib10","series-title":"Motivational interviewing: Preparing people for change","article-title":"The efficacy of motivational interviewing and its adaptations: What we know so far","author":"Burke","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.7.614","article-title":"How stigma interferes with mental health care","volume":"59","author":"Corrigan","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1993.54.693","article-title":"What's in a label? The effects of substance types and labels on treatment considerations and stigma","volume":"54","author":"Cunningham","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(93)90036-9","article-title":"Barriers to treatment: Why alcohol and drug abusers delay or never seek treatment","volume":"18","author":"Cunningham","year":"1993","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib14","series-title":"Brief Symptom Inventory: Administration, scoring and procedures manual","author":"Derogatis","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1995.tb01092.x","article-title":"Entering treatment for alcohol abuse: A stress and coping model","volume":"90","author":"Finney","year":"1995","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017580013197","article-title":"Barriers to help seeking for mental disorders in a rural impoverished population","volume":"37","author":"Fox","year":"2001","journal-title":"Community Mental Health Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2010.0003","article-title":"De facto mental health services in the rural south","volume":"6","author":"Fox","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1997.58.365","article-title":"Barriers to alcoholism treatment: Reasons for not seeking treatment in a general population sample","volume":"58","author":"Grant","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.53.12.1592","article-title":"Factors associated with receipt of behavioral health services among persons with substance dependence","volume":"53","author":"Green-Hennessy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1999.60.120","article-title":"Social resources and alcohol-related losses as predictors of help seeking among male problem drinkers","volume":"60","author":"Hajema","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1982.43.273","article-title":"Seeking help for alcohol problems: A study in the Boston metropolitan area","volume":"43","author":"Hingson","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00778.x","article-title":"Help seeking behavior in problem drinkers: A review","volume":"84","author":"Jordan","year":"1989","journal-title":"British Journal of Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1997.58.155","article-title":"Predictors of help seeking among a longitudinal sample of the general population, 1984\u20131992","volume":"58","author":"Kaskutas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.11.1065","article-title":"Patterns and predictors of treatment seeking after onset of a substance use disorder","volume":"58","author":"Kessler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(97)00072-5","article-title":"Natural resolution of alcohol problems without treatment: Environmental contexts surrounding the initiation and maintenance of stable abstinence or moderation drinking","volume":"23","author":"King","year":"1998","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02291745","article-title":"Predictors of patient entry into alcohol treatment after initial diagnosis","volume":"27","author":"Kirchner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2307\/3350312","article-title":"Management of mental health and substance abuse services: State of the art and early results","volume":"73","author":"Mechanic","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Milbank Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.27.4.349","article-title":"Managed care is harmful to outpatient mental health services: A call for accountability","volume":"27","author":"Miller","year":"1996","journal-title":"Professional Psychology, Research and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib29","article-title":"Form 90: A structures assessment interview for drinking and related behaviors","volume":"vol. 5","author":"Miller","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib30","series-title":"Motivational interviewing: Preparing people to change addictive behavior","author":"Miller","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.59.1.77","article-title":"Perceived need and help-seeking in adults with mood, anxiety, or substance use disorders","volume":"59","author":"Mojtabai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820140017002","article-title":"Use of services by persons with mental and addictive disorders","volume":"50","author":"Narrow","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.10.1415","article-title":"Psychiatric disorder onset and first treatment contact in the United States and Ontario","volume":"155","author":"Olfson","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1177\/002204268201200305","article-title":"Impact of the criminal justice system on substance abusers seeking professional help","volume":"12","author":"Pringle","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Drug Issues"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-002-0576-1","article-title":"Who seeks treatment for alcohol dependence? Findings from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing","volume":"37","author":"Proudfoot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820140007001","article-title":"The de facto US mental and addictive disorders service system","volume":"50","author":"Regier","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.30.4.554","article-title":"Applicants' experience of the process of seeking therapy","volume":"30","author":"Saunders","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.33.4.617","article-title":"Applicants' experience of social support in the process of seeking psychotherapy","volume":"33","author":"Saunders","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(95)00041-0","article-title":"Barriers to help-seeking for change in drinking: A gender-focused review of the literature","volume":"21","author":"Schober","year":"1996","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(01)00200-3","article-title":"Temporal sequencing of alcohol-related problems, problem recognition, and help-seeking episodes","volume":"27","author":"Simpson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Addictive Behaviors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1013172913880","article-title":"Barriers to effective mental health services for African Americans","volume":"3","author":"Snowden","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mental Health Services Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib42","series-title":"Self-control and the addictive behaviors","first-page":"198","article-title":"Recovery from alcohol problems without treatment","author":"Sobell","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1986.tb00405.x","article-title":"Sex differences in help-seeking for alcohol problems\u20141. The barriers to help-seeking","volume":"81","author":"Thom","year":"1986","journal-title":"British Journal of Addictions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1987.tb01559.x","article-title":"Sex differences in help-seeking for alcohol problems\u20142. Entry into treatment","volume":"82","author":"Thom","year":"1987","journal-title":"British Journal of Addictions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib45","first-page":"513","article-title":"Assessment and validation of the Drinker Inventory of Consequences (DrInC): A multi-site outpatient and aftercare clinical sample of problem drinkers","volume":"17","author":"Tonigan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1995.tb02228.x","article-title":"Predictors of help-seeking and the temporal relationship of help to recovery among treated and untreated recovered problem drinkers","volume":"90","author":"Tucker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1994.55.401","article-title":"Environmental events surrounding natural recovery from alcohol-related problems","volume":"55","author":"Tucker","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Studies in Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(03)00209-5","article-title":"A factor analytic study of influences on patterns of help-seeking among treated and untreated alcohol dependent persons","volume":"26","author":"Tucker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2004.00234.x","article-title":"Delays in initial treatment contact after first onset of a mental disorder","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Services Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1993.tb00833.x","article-title":"Toward an alcohol treatment entry model: A comparison of problem drinkers in the general population and in treatment","volume":"17","author":"Weisner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0560.2002.65.x","article-title":"Alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health care for uninsured and insured adults","volume":"37","author":"Wells","year":"2002","journal-title":"Health Services Research"}],"container-title":["Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0740547206000092?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0740547206000092?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T19:28:45Z","timestamp":1760038125000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0740547206000092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0740547206000092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-5472"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-5472","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Person-related and treatment-related barriers to alcohol treatment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsat.2006.01.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}