{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T16:42:35Z","timestamp":1778863355775,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofsubstanceabusetreatment.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T11:55:05Z","timestamp":1664970905000},"page":"108897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Service providers' perspectives on substance use and treatment needs among human trafficking survivors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"Erica","family":"Koegler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire A.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon D.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilly","family":"Bahlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1037\/cbs0000151","article-title":"Sex trafficking of women and girls in a southern Ontario region: Police file review exploring victim characteristics, trafficking experiences, and the intersection with child welfare","volume":"52","author":"Baird","year":"2020","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science\/Revue Canadienne des Sciences du Comportement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0010","first-page":"36","article-title":"Identification of human trafficking victims in health care settings","volume":"13","author":"Baldwin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health & Human Rights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.10.002","article-title":"Identifying best practices for \u201csafe harbor\u201d legislation to protect child sex trafficking victims: Decriminalization alone is not sufficient","volume":"51","author":"Barnert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s10611-013-9509-z","article-title":"When farmworkers and advocates see trafficking but law enforcement does not: Challenges in identifying labor trafficking in North Carolina","volume":"61","author":"Barrick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crime, Law and Social Change"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2019.0057","article-title":"Substance use, mental health, and child welfare profiles of juvenile justice-involved commercially sexually exploited youth","volume":"30","author":"Bath","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0030","first-page":"135","article-title":"Conjoint screening questionnaires for alcohol and other drug abuse: Criterion validity in a primary care practice","volume":"94","author":"Brown","year":"1995","journal-title":"Wisconsin Medical Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.3.337","article-title":"Prevalence and health correlates of prostitution among patients entering treatment for substance use disorders","volume":"65","author":"Burnette","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.85.1.41","article-title":"The natural history of drug use from adolescence to the mid-thirties in a general population sample","volume":"85","author":"Chen","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/emp2.12558","article-title":"Validation of a screening tool for labor and sex trafficking among emergency department patients","volume":"2","author":"Chisolm-Straker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000717","article-title":"The rise of illicit fentanyls, stimulants and the fourth wave of the opioid overdose crisis","volume":"34","author":"Ciccarone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1080\/10911359.2012.655583","article-title":"Age at entry into prostitution: Relationship to drug use, race, suicide, education level, childhood abuse, and family experiences","volume":"22","author":"Clarke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0060","series-title":"Finding a path to recovery: Residential facilities for minor victims of domestic sex trafficking","author":"Clawson","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.2018.1432552","article-title":"Exploring mental health and substance use treatment needs of commercially sexually exploited youth participating in a specialty juvenile court","volume":"44","author":"Cook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1080\/15564886.2019.1595241","article-title":"Provider perspectives on sex trafficking: Victim pathways, service needs, & blurred boundaries","volume":"14","author":"Duncan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Victims & Offenders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.14197\/atr.201221169","article-title":"The perfect victim: \u2018Young girls\u2019, domestic trafficking, and anti-prostitution politics in Canada","volume":"16","author":"Durisin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anti-Trafficking Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01052","article-title":"Lived experience in new models of care for substance use disorder: A systematic review of peer recovery support services and recovery coaching","volume":"10","author":"Eddie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x","article-title":"The qualitative content analysis process","volume":"62","author":"Elo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Nursing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1108\/IJHRH-07-2019-0054","article-title":"The integral role of relationships in experiences of complex trauma in sex trafficking survivors","volume":"13","author":"Evans","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1111\/1745-9133.12456","article-title":"Failing victims? Challenges of the police response to human trafficking","volume":"18","author":"Farrell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Criminology & Public Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.2017.1384360","article-title":"Barriers to accessing detox facilities, substance use treatment, and residential services among women impacted by commercial sexual exploitation and trafficking","volume":"44","author":"Gerassi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2016.08.010","article-title":"Domestic minor sex trafficking patients: A retrospective analysis of medical presentation","volume":"30","author":"Goldberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.202000318","article-title":"Addressing the urgent housing needs of vulnerable women in the era of COVID-19: The Los Angeles County experience","volume":"72","author":"Goodsmith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0115","series-title":"Urban-rural differences in drug overdose death rates, 1999\u20132019","first-page":"1","volume":"403","author":"Hedegaard","year":"2021"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.2018.1432551","article-title":"A comparison of psychological symptoms in survivors of sex and labor trafficking","volume":"44","author":"Hopper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behavioral Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687","article-title":"Three approaches to qualitative content analysis","volume":"15","author":"Hsieh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Qualitative Health Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0130","series-title":"Sex work, health, and human rights","first-page":"95","article-title":"Patterns and epidemiology of illicit drug use among sex workers globally: A systematic review","author":"Iversen","year":"2021"},{"issue":"6408","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aau1184","article-title":"Changing dynamics of the drug overdose epidemic in the United States from 1979 through 2016","volume":"361","author":"Jalal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354919854479","article-title":"Reports and victims of sex and labor trafficking in a major midwest metropolitan area, 2008-2017","volume":"134","author":"Koegler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0140","first-page":"103","article-title":"Traffickers' use of substances to recruit and control victims of domestic trafficking for sexual exploitation in the American Midwest","volume":"18","author":"Koegler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anti-Trafficking Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/23322705.2017.1346445","article-title":"Moving forward: Collaborative accompaniment of human trafficking survivors by using trauma-informed practices","volume":"4","author":"Ladd","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Human Trafficking"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0150","first-page":"61","article-title":"The health consequences of sex trafficking and their implications for identifying victims in healthcare facilities","volume":"23","author":"Lederer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annals of Health Law"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0155","first-page":"1","article-title":"Beyond inclusion: Survivor-leader voice in anti-human trafficking organizations","author":"Lockyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Human Trafficking"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7006a4","article-title":"Trends and geographic patterns in drug and synthetic opioid overdose deaths\u2014United States, 2013\u20132019","volume":"70","author":"Mattson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1080\/10911359.2018.1543630","article-title":"The embodiment of complex trauma in domestic minor sex trafficking victims and the dangers of misidentification","volume":"29","author":"McGuire","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/01488376.2018.1428924","article-title":"Youth experiences survey (YES): Exploring the scope and complexity of sex trafficking in a sample of youth experiencing homelessness","volume":"44","author":"Middleton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Social Service Research"},{"issue":"15\u201316","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3148","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517703373","article-title":"Trafficking experiences and psychosocial features of domestic minor sex trafficking victims","volume":"35","author":"Moore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260512469102","article-title":"Health outcomes among women trafficked for sex in the United States: A closer look","volume":"28","author":"Mufti\u0107","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0185","series-title":"Care management of trafficked persons with substance use disorders. Human trafficking: A treatment guide for mental health professionals","volume":"133","author":"Omar","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499809551951","article-title":"Pathways to prostitution: The chronology of sexual and drug abuse milestones","volume":"35","author":"Potterat","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Sex Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000268","article-title":"Mental health services as a vital component of psychosocial recovery for victims of child trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation","volume":"88","author":"Rafferty","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/08974451003641065","article-title":"Pimp control and violence: Domestic sex trafficking of Chicago women and girls","volume":"20","author":"Raphael","year":"2010","journal-title":"Women & Criminal Justice"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0000000000000820","article-title":"Trafficking and trauma","volume":"55","author":"Ravi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medical Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0210","series-title":"International sex trafficking of women & children: Understanding the global epidemic","first-page":"3","article-title":"Sex trafficking of women in the United States","author":"Raymond","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1080\/0735648X.2014.965588","article-title":"Exploring the impact of alcohol and marijuana use on commercial sexual exploitation among male youth using parallel-process latent growth curve modeling","volume":"38","author":"Reid","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Crime and Justice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1353\/hrq.2007.0011","article-title":"Rehabilitation and community integration of trafficking survivors in the United States","volume":"29","author":"Shigekane","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human Rights Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.08.001","article-title":"The health needs and healthcare experiences of young people trafficked into the UK","volume":"59","author":"Stanley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0235","series-title":"State residential treatment for behavioral health conditions: Regulation and policy environmental scan","author":"Stewart","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0245","first-page":"13","article-title":"Major issues and controversies in the use of mixed methods in the social and behavioral sciences","volume":"1","author":"Teddlie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social and Behavioral Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.94.4.651","article-title":"Housing first, consumer choice, and harm reduction for homeless individuals with a dual diagnosis","volume":"94","author":"Tsemberis","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa142","article-title":"Combatting human trafficking in the United States: How can medical informatics help?","volume":"28","author":"Unertl","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0260","series-title":"Framework document: Developing standard operating procedures to facilitate the identification and protection of victims of trafficking","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0265","series-title":"Screening for human trafficking. Guidelines for administering the trafficking victim identification tool (TVIT)","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0270","unstructured":"Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000, n.d. Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000 (n.d.). Public Law, 106, 386."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-0772","article-title":"A survivor-derived approach to addressing trafficking in the pediatric ED","volume":"147","author":"Wallace","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.3928\/00485713-20210706-01","article-title":"Identification and screening of human trafficking victims","volume":"51","author":"Wilks","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychiatric Annals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0285","author":"Zarate"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.05.028","article-title":"Human trafficking and health: A conceptual model to inform policy, intervention and research","volume":"73","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"}],"container-title":["Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0740547222001799?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0740547222001799?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T19:58:03Z","timestamp":1760039883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0740547222001799"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S0740547222001799"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897","relation":{},"ISSN":["0740-5472"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0740-5472","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Service providers' perspectives on substance use and treatment needs among human trafficking survivors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsat.2022.108897","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108897"}}