{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:35:01Z","timestamp":1791851701650,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,28]],"date-time":"2013-05-28T13:20:52Z","timestamp":1369747252000},"page":"99-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Alzheimer's disease: Review of hormone therapy trials and implications for treatment and prevention after menopause"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"142","author":[{"given":"Victor W.","family":"Henderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0531-5565(94)90008-6","article-title":"Changes of ovarian hormonal function with aging","volume":"29","author":"Judd","year":"1994","journal-title":"Experimental Gerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0010","first-page":"2832","article-title":"A prospective longitudinal study of serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and sex hormone-binding globulin levels through the menopause transition","volume":"85","author":"Burger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2012.04.006","article-title":"Gender, sex steroid hormones, and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"63","author":"Vest","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hormones and Behavior"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(99)00520-5","article-title":"Estrogen binding and estrogen receptor characterization (ER\u03b1 and ER\u03b2) in the cholinergic neurons of the rat basal forebrain","volume":"96","author":"Shughrue","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19971201)388:4<507::AID-CNE1>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Comparative distribution of estrogen receptor-\u03b1 and -\u03b2 mRNA in the rat central nervous system","volume":"388","author":"Shughrue","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1159\/000111559","article-title":"Rapid estrogen signaling in the brain","volume":"16","author":"Raz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuro-Signals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.03.026","article-title":"Mechanisms of estrogen signaling and gene expression via GPR30","volume":"308","author":"Prossnitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1641","article-title":"27-Hydroxycholesterol is an endogenous SERM that inhibits the cardiovascular effects of estrogen","volume":"13","author":"Umetani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1386.035","article-title":"Estrogen action in neuroprotection and brain inflammation","volume":"1089","author":"Pozzi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2011.2","article-title":"Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease","volume":"7","author":"Reitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.57.6.839","article-title":"The course of cognitive impairment in preclinical Alzheimer disease","volume":"57","author":"Small","year":"2000","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.1.90","article-title":"Cognitive deficits of men and women with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"44","author":"Henderson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.2.299","article-title":"Gender differences in language of AD patients: a longitudinal study","volume":"45","author":"Ripich","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1062097","article-title":"Formation of neurofibrillary tangles in P301L tau transgenic mice induced by A42 fibrils","volume":"293","author":"G\u00f6tz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.1.78","article-title":"Rates and risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer's disease: results from EURODEM pooled analyses","volume":"52","author":"Launer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.11.1737","article-title":"Alzheimer disease incidence: a prospective cohort study","volume":"59","author":"Kukull","year":"2002","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550160069041","article-title":"Effects of age, sex, and ethnicity on the association between apolipoprotein E genotype and Alzheimer disease","volume":"278","author":"Farrer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-199910000-00007","article-title":"Evidence for an interaction between apolipoprotein E genotype, gender, and Alzheimer disease","volume":"13","author":"Bretsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1996.6360","article-title":"Astrocytes and microglia respond to estrogen with increased apoE mRNA in vivo and in vitro","volume":"143","author":"Stone","year":"1997","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/974361","article-title":"Function and comorbidities of apolipoprotein E in Alzheimer's disease","author":"Leduc","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90079-9","article-title":"Characterization of stable complexes involving apolipoprotein E and the amyloid \u03b2 peptide in Alzheimer's disease brain","volume":"15","author":"N\u00e4slund","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01643.x","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E enhances uptake of soluble but not aggregated amyloid-beta protein into synaptic terminals","volume":"84","author":"Gylys","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199511093331902","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E, dementia, and cortical deposition of \u03b2-amyloid protein","volume":"333","author":"Polvikoski","year":"1995","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.741","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease: genes, proteins, and therapy","volume":"81","author":"Selkoe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6338589","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease: a disorder of cortical cholinergic innervation","volume":"219","author":"Coyle","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202753","article-title":"Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network, clinical and biomarker changes in dominantly inherited Alzheimer's disease","volume":"367","author":"Bateman","year":"2012","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000271090.28148.24","article-title":"Mixed brain pathologies account for most dementia cases in community-dwelling older persons","volume":"69","author":"Schneider","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19198","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505203102","article-title":"Brain estrogen deficiency accelerates A(beta) plaque formation in an Alzheimer's disease animal model","volume":"102","author":"Yue","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1347.016","article-title":"Estradiol prevents neural tau hyperphosphorylation characteristic of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"1052","author":"Alvarez-De-La-Rosa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2010.01.006","article-title":"Influence of different estrogens on neuroplasticity and cognition in the hippocampus","volume":"1800","author":"Barha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2008-15406","article-title":"Estrogen and hippocampal plasticity in rodent models","volume":"15","author":"Foy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0160","first-page":"1952","article-title":"Estrogen receptor alpha, not beta, is a critical link in estradiol-mediated protection against brain injury","volume":"98","author":"Dubal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1996.66051836.x","article-title":"Estrogens attenuate and corticosterone exacerbates excitotoxicity, oxidative injury, and amyloid \u03b2-peptide toxicity in hippocampal neurons","volume":"66","author":"Goodman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1999.721552.x","article-title":"Estrogen modulates neuronal Bcl-xL expression and \u03b2-amyloid-induced apoptosis: relevance to Alzheimer's disease","volume":"72","author":"Pike","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(91)90068-5","article-title":"Organotypic culture of the developing cerebral cortex and hypothalamus: relevance to sexual differentiation","volume":"16","author":"Toran-Allerand","year":"1991","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3200","article-title":"The ageing cortical synapse: hallmarks and implications for cognitive decline","volume":"13","author":"Morrison","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14069","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4391-07.2007","article-title":"Estradiol in vivo regulation of brain mitochondrial proteome","volume":"27","author":"Nilsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540210068014","article-title":"Estrogen replacement therapy in older women: comparisons between Alzheimer's disease cases and nondemented control subjects","volume":"51","author":"Henderson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(95)00060-7","article-title":"Cognitive skills associated with estrogen replacement in women with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"21","author":"Henderson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.6.1511","article-title":"The Alzheimer's disease assessment scale: patterns and predictors of baseline cognitive performance in multicenter Alzheimer's disease trials","volume":"48","author":"Doraiswamy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.6.1580","article-title":"Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on response to tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease","volume":"46","author":"Schneider","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(86)90019-3","article-title":"Observations in a preliminary open trial of estradiol therapy for senile dementia\u2013Alzheimer's type","volume":"11","author":"Fillit","year":"1986","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(89)90137-4","article-title":"In vivo effects by estrone sulfate on the central nervous system\u2014senile dementia (Alzheimer's type)","volume":"34","author":"Honjo","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.41.361","article-title":"Evaluation of estrogen treatment in female patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type","volume":"41","author":"Ohkura","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrine Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(99)00020-7","article-title":"Cognitive and neuroendocrine response to transdermal estrogen in postmenopausal women with Alzheimer's disease: results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind, pilot study","volume":"24","author":"Asthana","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.4.605","article-title":"High-dose estradiol improves cognition for women with AD: results of a randomized study","volume":"57","author":"Asthana","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-110341","article-title":"Short-term hormone therapy with transdermal estradiol improves cognition for postmenopausal women with Alzheimer's disease: results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Wharton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer's Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.8.1007","article-title":"Estrogen replacement therapy for treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"283","author":"Mulnard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.60.1.148-a","article-title":"No additional benefit of HRT on response to rivastigmine in menopausal women with AD","volume":"60","author":"Rigaud","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.2.295","article-title":"Estrogen for Alzheimer's disease in women: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"54","author":"Henderson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.11.2061","article-title":"Effects of estrogen on cognition, mood, and cerebral blood flow in AD: a controlled study","volume":"54","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0260","first-page":"37","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of the interventional effect of estrogen on Alzheimer's disease","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181beaaf4","article-title":"Effects of hormone therapy on depressive symptoms and cognitive functions in women with Alzheimer disease: a 12 month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of low-dose estradiol and norethisterone","volume":"18","author":"Valen-Sendstad","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/7.2.228","article-title":"An evaluation of psychologic effects of sex hormone administration in aged women. I. Results of therapy after six months","volume":"7","author":"Caldwell","year":"1952","journal-title":"Journal of Gerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0275","first-page":"167","article-title":"An effect of conjugated estrogen to cognitive impairment in women with senile dementia\u2013Alzheimer's type: a placebo-controlled double blind study","volume":"1","author":"Honjo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of the Japan Menopause Society"},{"issue":"Suppl. 7","key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0280","first-page":"S36","article-title":"The role of estrogen in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"48","author":"Birge","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0285","first-page":"CD003799","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy to maintain cognitive function in women with dementia","volume":"1","author":"Hogervorst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394816-8.00010-6","article-title":"Estrogen regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics: implications for prevention of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"64","author":"Yao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Advances in Pharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000059413.75888.BE","article-title":"Estrogen exposures and memory at midlife: a population-based study of women","volume":"60","author":"Henderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a71193","article-title":"Effects of the menopause transition and hormone use on cognitive performance in midlife women","volume":"72","author":"Greendale","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e318241fd22","article-title":"Reconciling subjective memory complaints with objective memory performance in the menopausal transition","volume":"19","author":"Weber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.10.1589","article-title":"Dementia and Alzheimer disease incidence rates do not vary by sex in Rochester, Minn","volume":"59","author":"Edland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009489","article-title":"Incidence and risk of dementia: the Rotterdam study","volume":"147","author":"Ott","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2213","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440180075009","article-title":"Estrogen replacement therapy and risk of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"156","author":"Paganini-Hill","year":"1996","journal-title":"Archives of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)03356-9","article-title":"Effect of oestrogen during menopause on risk and age at onset of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"348","author":"Tang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.4.996","article-title":"Estrogen-replacement therapy and Alzheimer's disease in the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging","volume":"50","author":"Baldereschi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/00002093-200607000-00004","article-title":"Postmenopausal estrogen therapy and Alzheimer disease: overall negative findings","volume":"20","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000276984.19542.e6","article-title":"Increased risk of cognitive impairment or dementia in women who underwent oophorectomy before menopause","volume":"69","author":"Rocca","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1159\/000314681","article-title":"Hysterectomy, oophorectomy and risk of dementia: a nationwide historical cohort study","volume":"30","author":"Phung","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2002.50008.x","article-title":"Hysterectomy, oophorectomy, and cognitive function in older women","volume":"50","author":"Kritz-Silverstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gme.0000196592.36711.a0","article-title":"Cognitive function across the life course and the menopausal transition in a British birth cohort","volume":"13","author":"Kok","year":"2006","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1097\/gme.0b013e31803df49c","article-title":"Surgical versus natural menopause: cognitive issues","volume":"14","author":"Henderson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2651","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.20.2651","article-title":"Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS)","volume":"289","author":"Shumaker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.24.2947","article-title":"Conjugated equine estrogens and incidence of probable dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: Women's Health Initiative Memory Study","volume":"291","author":"Shumaker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.4.683","article-title":"Effect of raloxifene on the prevention of dementia and cognitive impairment in older women: the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) randomized trial","volume":"162","author":"Yaffe","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00410-3","article-title":"The nature of the effect of female gonadal hormone replacement therapy on cognitive function in post-menopausal women: a meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Hogervorst","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.11.1489","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and cognition: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"285","author":"LeBlanc","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117245","article-title":"Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a population-based case\u2013control study","volume":"140","author":"Brenner","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.5.965","article-title":"Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy and risk of AD: a population-based study","volume":"52","author":"Waring","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.6.1517","article-title":"A prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease: the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging","volume":"48","author":"Kawas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.3.435","article-title":"Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"58","author":"Seshadri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0410","first-page":"A205","article-title":"Prior use of hormone therapy and incident Alzheimer's disease in the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study [abstract]","volume":"68","author":"Henderson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318271f823","article-title":"Hormone therapy and AD dementia: new findings from the Cache County study","volume":"79","author":"Shao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.06.017","article-title":"Estrogen-containing hormone therapy and Alzheimer's disease risk: understanding discrepant inferences from observational and experimental research","volume":"138","author":"Henderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(00)00103-2","article-title":"Long-term treatment with estrogen and progesterone enhances acquisition of a spatial memory task by ovariectomized aged rats","volume":"21","author":"Gibbs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb04023.x","article-title":"Effects of hormone replacement therapy on cognitive and brain aging","volume":"949","author":"Resnick","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.17.2170","article-title":"Hormone therapy and risk of Alzheimer disease: a critical time","volume":"288","author":"Resnick","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1097\/00042192-200512010-00005","article-title":"Early postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy may prevent cognitive impairment later in life","volume":"12","author":"Bagger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.024927","article-title":"Postmenopausal hormone therapy and Alzheimer's disease risk: interaction with age","volume":"76","author":"Henderson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22239","article-title":"Timing of hormone therapy and dementia: the critical window theory revisited","volume":"69","author":"Whitmer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4252","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.10.6216","article-title":"Interaction of estrogenic chemicals and phytoestrogens with estrogen receptor beta","volume":"139","author":"Kuiper","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318258f822","article-title":"Long-term soy isoflavone supplementation and cognition in women: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"78","author":"Henderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2000.10718923","article-title":"Brain aging and midlife tofu consumption","volume":"19","author":"White","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of the American College of Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10506","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1334098100","article-title":"Divergent impact of progesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera) on nuclear mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling","volume":"100","author":"Nilsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5303","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0495","article-title":"Dose and temporal pattern of estrogen exposure determines neuroprotective outcome in hippocampal neurons: therapeutic implications","volume":"147","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11700","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1881-12.2012","article-title":"Clinically relevant hormone treatments fail to induce spinogenesis in prefrontal cortex of aged female rhesus monkeys","volume":"32","author":"Ohm","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1008","article-title":"Progestogens used in postmenopausal hormone therapy: differences in their pharmacological properties, intracellular actions, and clinical effects","volume":"34","author":"Stanczyk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrine Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.145383","article-title":"Age moderates the short-term effects of transdermal 17beta-estradiol on endothelium-dependent vascular function in postmenopausal women","volume":"27","author":"Sherwood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1738","article-title":"Relationship between serum levels of sex hormones and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women","volume":"93","author":"Karim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-11-200112040-00005","article-title":"Estrogen in the prevention of atherosclerosis. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"135","author":"Hodis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0b013e31803c764d","article-title":"Estrogen effects on arteries vary with stage of reproductive life and extent of subclinical atherosclerosis progression","volume":"14","author":"Clarkson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0510","first-page":"1465","article-title":"Postmenopausal hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age and years since menopause","volume":"297","author":"Rossouw","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6409","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e6409","article-title":"Effect of hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular events in recently postmenopausal women: randomised trial","volume":"345","author":"Schierbeck","year":"2012","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-009-9087-2","article-title":"Frontiers proposal. National Institute of Aging \u201cbench to bedside: estrogen as a case study\u201d","volume":"31","author":"Asthana","year":"2009","journal-title":"Age (Dordrecht, Netherlands)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117244","article-title":"Estrogen deficiency and risk of Alzheimer's disease in women","volume":"140","author":"Paganini-Hill","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2123","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.17.2123","article-title":"Hormone replacement therapy and incidence of Alzheimer's disease in older women: the Cache County study","volume":"288","author":"Zandi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960076013000812?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960076013000812?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T23:45:08Z","timestamp":1760744708000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960076013000812"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":106,"alternative-id":["S0960076013000812"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-0760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-0760","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Alzheimer's disease: Review of hormone therapy trials and implications for treatment and prevention after menopause","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.05.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}