{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T05:24:09Z","timestamp":1785907449852,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003693","name":"Korea Institute of Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003693","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004332","name":"Seoul National University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T12:53:30Z","timestamp":1614344010000},"page":"105856","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Metabolic changes in serum steroids for diagnosing and subtyping Cushing\u2019s syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"210","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0702-0608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang Ho","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0490-2437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaelin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5707-3903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaeyoon","family":"Shim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8791-0909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Hye","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5511-3596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su-jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Hwy","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2354-3599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyu Eun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Soo","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1932-0234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1017-1156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man Ho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M33","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0464","article-title":"Cushing\u2019s syndrome: update on signs, symptoms and biochemical screening","volume":"173","author":"Nieman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2015.30.1.7","article-title":"Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cushing\u2019s disease in Korea","volume":"30","author":"Hur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab. Seoul (Seoul)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0015","article-title":"Epidemiology and comorbidity of adrenal cushing\u2019s syndrome: a nationwide cohort study","author":"Ahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2018.33.2.139","article-title":"Recent updates on the diagnosis and management of cushing\u2019s syndrome","volume":"33","author":"Nieman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab. Seoul (Seoul)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2018.02.001","article-title":"Diagnosis of cushing\u2019s syndrome in the modern era","volume":"47","author":"Nieman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21436","article-title":"Bringing GC-MS profiling of steroids into clinical applications","volume":"34","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mass Spectrom. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0338","article-title":"Mass spectrometry and immunoassay: how to measure steroid hormones today and tomorrow","volume":"173","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.027193","article-title":"Improved specificity of newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia by second-tier steroid profiling using tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"50","author":"Lacey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2006.11.001","article-title":"Use of steroid profiles in determining the cause of adrenal insufficiency","volume":"72","author":"Holst","year":"2007","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2015.251199","article-title":"Mass spectrometry-based adrenal and peripheral venous steroid profiling for subtyping primary aldosteronism","volume":"62","author":"Eisenhofer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2017.282582","article-title":"Plasma steroid metabolome profiling for diagnosis and subtyping patients with cushing syndrome","volume":"64","author":"Eisenhofer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.105410","article-title":"Serum steroid profiling in Cushing\u2019s syndrome patients","volume":"192","author":"H\u00e1na","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2020.105615","article-title":"Selective LC-MRM\/SIM-MS based profiling of adrenal steroids reveals metabolic signatures of 17\u03b1-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"198","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0070","unstructured":"Shlomo M., Koenig R., Rosen C., Auchus R., Goldfin A., Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 14th ed, Elsevier, 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0075","first-page":"3855","article-title":"Apparent cortisone reductase deficiency: a unique form of hypercortisolism","volume":"81","author":"Phillipov","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0080","first-page":"3617","article-title":"11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in Cushing\u2019s syndrome: explaining the mineralocorticoid excess state of the ectopic adrenocorticotropin syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Stewart","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-48-3-467","article-title":"6 beta-Hydroxycortisol excretion in hypercortisolemic states","volume":"48","author":"Voccia","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.9.1029","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-mediated induction of CYP3A4 is decreased by disruption of a protein: DNA interaction distinct from the pregnane X receptor response element","volume":"30","author":"El-Sankary","year":"2002","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Dispos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(94)90155-4","article-title":"Induction of rat hepatic glucocorticoid-inducible cytochrome P450 3A by metyrapone","volume":"48","author":"Wright","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2015.30.3.297","article-title":"Limited diagnostic utility of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone for differentiation between adrenal cushing syndrome and cushing disease","volume":"30","author":"Hong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab. Seoul (Seoul)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2017-01525","article-title":"Adrenocorticotropin acutely regulates pregnenolone sulfate production by the human adrenal in vivo and in vitro","volume":"103","author":"Rege","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856_bib0110","first-page":"786","article-title":"Low DHEAS: a sensitive and specific test for the detection of subclinical hypercortisolism in adrenal incidentalomas","volume":"102","author":"Dennedy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960076021000492?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960076021000492?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,18]],"date-time":"2025-10-18T00:07:30Z","timestamp":1760746050000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960076021000492"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["S0960076021000492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-0760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-0760","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Metabolic changes in serum steroids for diagnosing and subtyping Cushing\u2019s syndrome","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105856","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105856"}}