{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T11:38:50Z","timestamp":1776512330140,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022J01062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022J01062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82072015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82103859"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82103859"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T03:09:20Z","timestamp":1763608160000},"page":"106901","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Urinary metabolomic biomarkers for diagnosing central precocious puberty and revealing sexual dimorphism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"256","author":[{"given":"Lingling","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingxia","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengchang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guiping","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8899-2750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianghua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.111094","article-title":"Hypothalamo-Pituitary axis and puberty","volume":"520","author":"Spaziani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1042122","article-title":"Secular trends in age at pubertal onset assessed by breast development among Chinese girls: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Shu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1058","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3291","article-title":"Secondary sexual characteristics in boys: data from the pediatric research in office settings network","volume":"130","author":"Herman-Giddens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2019.5881","article-title":"Worldwide secular trends in age at pubertal onset assessed by breast development among girls a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"174","author":"Eckert-Lind","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jama Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-023-04265-x","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors of precocious puberty in children","volume":"23","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bmc Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0800459","article-title":"Precocious puberty","volume":"358","author":"Carel","year":"2008","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.15665","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of central precocious puberty and normal variant puberty among children in Denmark, 1998\u20132017","volume":"3","author":"Br\u00e4uner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jama Netw. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0283510","article-title":"Ongoing increasing trends in central precocious puberty incidence among Korean boys and girls from 2008 to 2020","volume":"18","author":"Kang","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.1007730","article-title":"Incidence of central precocious puberty more than doubled during COVID-19 pandemic: Single-center retrospective review in the United States","volume":"10","author":"Trujillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-21-0650","article-title":"Sedentary lifestyle and precocious puberty in girls during the COVID-19 pandemic: an Italian experience","volume":"11","author":"Chioma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr. Connect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2016.59.9.355","article-title":"Effects of early menarche on physical and psychosocial health problems in adolescent girls and adult women","volume":"59","author":"Yoo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Korean J. Pedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S218","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1813G","article-title":"Public health implications of altered puberty timing","volume":"121","author":"Golub","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a000588","DOI":"10.1101\/mcs.a000588","article-title":"Metabolomics: an emerging but powerful tool for precision medicine","volume":"1","author":"Clish","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Mol. Case Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib14","article-title":"Gut microbiota-metabolite interactions meditate the effect of dietary patterns on precocious puberty","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib15","article-title":"Integrated analysis of proteomics and metabolomics in girls with central precocious puberty","author":"Mei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. Front. Media S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00380-0","article-title":"Causes, diagnosis, and treatment of central precocious puberty","volume":"4","author":"Latronico","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib17","first-page":"16","article-title":"Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of central precocious puberty(2022)","volume":"61","year":"2023","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M111.011072","article-title":"Urinary metabolite markers of precocious puberty","volume":"11","author":"Qi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Proteom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6782","article-title":"Review and evaluation of penalised regression methods for risk prediction in low-dimensional data with few events","volume":"35","author":"Pavlou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2011.00771.x","article-title":"Regression shrinkage and selection via the lasso: a retrospective","volume":"73","author":"Tibshirani","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. BStat. Methodol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8442","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-1167","article-title":"Salivary transcriptome diagnostics for oral cancer detection","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D521","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkl923","article-title":"HMDB: the human metabolome database","volume":"35","author":"Wishart","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890.2017.1369523","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes: sex differences in regulation of stress responsivity","volume":"20","author":"Oyola","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stress Int. J. Biol. Stress"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1056871","article-title":"Childhood obesity and central precocious puberty","volume":"13","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/21565562.2014.996025","article-title":"Endocrine control of spermatogenesis: role of FSH and LH\/ testosterone","volume":"4","author":"Ramaswamy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Spermatogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib26","first-page":"297","article-title":"Negative feedback-regulation of the secretion and actions of gnrh in male ruminants","author":"Tilbrook","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.63.1.193","article-title":"StAR protein and the regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis","volume":"63","author":"Stocco","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.136.4.7895670","article-title":"Estradiol induces both qualitative and quantitative changes in the pattern of gonadotropin-releasing-hormone secretion during the presurge period in the EWE","volume":"136","author":"Evans","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00101","article-title":"DHEAS and human development: an evolutionary perspective","volume":"11","author":"Campbell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-021-01453-8","article-title":"Analysis of basal serum TSH, FT3, and FT4 levels based on age, sampling time in women with infertility","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bmc Women\u2019s. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(95)91628-E","article-title":"Dimethylamine in human urine","volume":"233","author":"Zhang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib32","first-page":"69","article-title":"Hypothalamic neural systems controlling the female reproductive life cycle: gonadotropin-releasing hormone, glutamate, and gaba","volume":"274","author":"Maffucci","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib33","first-page":"9","article-title":"Genever PG Long-term potentiation in bone - a role for glutamate in strain-induced cellular memory?","volume":"4","author":"Spencer","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.4161\/isl.3.6.17806","article-title":"The pyruvate carboxylase-pyruvate dehydrogenase axis in islet pyruvate metabolism going round in circles?","volume":"3","author":"Sugden","year":"2011","journal-title":"Islets"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101347","article-title":"Energy balance and the sphingosine-1-phosphate\/ceramide axis","volume":"9","author":"Green","year":"2017","journal-title":"AgingUs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-011-0852-z","article-title":"Creatine deficiency syndromes and the importance of creatine synthesis in the brain","volume":"40","author":"Braissant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000176398.64189.e6","article-title":"Effect of oral creatine supplementation on urinary methylamine, formaldehyde, and formate","volume":"37","author":"Poortmans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731110001242","article-title":"Effect of N,N-dimethylglycine supplementation in parturition feed for sows on metabolism, nutrient digestibility and reproductive performance","volume":"4","author":"Cools","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2361","DOI":"10.1021\/pr8009885","article-title":"Top-down systems biology modeling of host metabotype-microbiome associations in obese rodents","volume":"8","author":"Waldram","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.03.010","article-title":"The uremic toxin hippurate promotes endothelial dysfunction via the activation of Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission","volume":"16","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R107","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-0103","article-title":"Genetics in endocrinology Genetic etiologies of central precocious puberty and the role of imprinted genes","volume":"183","author":"Roberts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo11090628","article-title":"A distinctive human metabolomics alteration associated with osteopenic and osteoporotic patients","volume":"11","author":"Aleidi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod52.2.262","volume":"52","author":"Luck","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G943","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1997.272.5.G943","article-title":"L-glutamine stimulates intestinal cell proliferation and activates mitogen-activated protein kinases","volume":"272","author":"Rhoads","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607191015004454","article-title":"Tissue uptake and oxidation of disodium sebacate in man","volume":"15","author":"Mingrone","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Parenter. Enter. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007054601256","article-title":"Phosphatidylcholine metabolism in human endothelial cells: modulation by phosphocholine","volume":"207","author":"Wong","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960076025002298?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960076025002298?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T10:40:24Z","timestamp":1776508824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960076025002298"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S0960076025002298"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-0760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-0760","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Urinary metabolomic biomarkers for diagnosing central precocious puberty and revealing sexual dimorphism","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2025.106901","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106901"}}