{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:53:29Z","timestamp":1791356009478,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000010","name":"Ford Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T14:46:56Z","timestamp":1787410016000},"page":"107105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The history of the discovery of estetrol"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"265","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3168-4594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Benagiano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herjan J.T.","family":"Coelingh Bennink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3607-121X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank Z.","family":"Stanczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib1","unstructured":"Coelingh Bennink H.J.T., Afors K., Douxfils J., Graziottin A., Benagiano G., Frank Z., Stanczyk F.Z., Westhoff C.L., Gemzell-Danielsson K.. Estetrol (E4) after 25 Years of Clinical Development. 2026: submitted to Endocrine Reviews."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib2","first-page":"649","article-title":"Steroid metabolism in the human foeto-placental unit","volume":"61","author":"Diczfalusy","year":"1969","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib3","first-page":"385","article-title":"Fetoplacental hormones and human gestation","volume":"4","author":"Diczfalusy","year":"1974","journal-title":"Basic. Life Sci."},{"issue":"79","key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib4","first-page":"3P","article-title":"Reproductive endocrinology and the merry post-war period. The Sir Henry Dale lecture for","volume":"1978","author":"Diczfalusy","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.06.027","article-title":"My life with the fetal-placental unit. 1978","volume":"193","author":"Diczfalusy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.19550380202","article-title":"Mikrobiologische Hydroxylierungen von Cortexon in der 7\u03b1-, 15\u03b1- oder 15\u03b2-Stellung. Mikrobiologische Reaktionen, 5. Mitteilung [Microbiological hydroxylations of cortexone at the 7\u03b1, 15\u03b1, or 15\u03b2 position. Microbiological Reactions, 5th Communication]","volume":"38","author":"Meystre","year":"1955","journal-title":"Helv. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1021\/jo01029a014","article-title":"Microbial hydroxylation of estrone and estradiol in the 6\u03b2-, 7\u03b1-, and 15\u03b1-positions","volume":"29","author":"Laskin","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1002\/hlca.19600430623","article-title":"Steroide und andere Inhaltsstoffe aus Stierhoden. \u00dcber Steroide, 171. Mitteilung [Steroids and other constituents from bull testicles. On Steroids, 171st Communication]","volume":"43","author":"Neher","year":"1960","journal-title":"Helv. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1964.337.1.159","article-title":"15-alpha-Hydroxylierung von \u00f6stron in der nebenniere [15-alpha-hydroxylation of estrone in the adrenal glands]","volume":"337","author":"Knuppen","year":"1964","journal-title":"Hoppe Seylers Z. Physiol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(65)90464-2","article-title":"15alpha-Hydroxylation: a new pathway of estrogen metabolism in the human fetus and newborn","volume":"100","author":"Schwers","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib11","first-page":"597","article-title":"Metabolism of oestrone sulphate by the previable human foetus","volume":"50","author":"Schwers","year":"1965","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0330529","article-title":"Formation of 15-alpha-hydroxyoestradiol-17-beta and 18-hydroxyoestrone by human adrenal tissue","volume":"33","author":"Knuppen","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib13","first-page":"467","article-title":"Isolation of 15-alpha-hydroxyoestradiol from human pregnancy urine","volume":"54","author":"Lisboa","year":"1967","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib14","first-page":"207","article-title":"Metabolism of 17-beta-oestradiol-4-14-C in early infancy","volume":"49","author":"Hagen","year":"1965","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-26-12-1355","article-title":"Fetal and maternal metabolism of estradiol during pregnancy","volume":"26","author":"Gurpide","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib16","first-page":"291","article-title":"A new oestrogen metabolite formed by the human foetus and newborn. Presented at the II Internal Congress on Hormonal Steroids, Milan 1966","volume":"111","author":"Zucconi","year":"1966","journal-title":"Excerpta Med. (Amst. ) Intern. Congr. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib17","first-page":"413","article-title":"Isolation of 15-alpha-hydroxy-oestriol from pregnancy urine and from the urine of newborn infants","volume":"56","author":"Zucconi","year":"1967","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1080\/17512433.2025.2517748","article-title":"Hormonal contraception, past, present and future part 1: the early path - facts, stories and controversies","volume":"18","author":"Farris","year":"2025","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib19","first-page":"208","article-title":"Studies on the metabolism of C-19 steroids in the human foeto-placental unit. 4. Aromatisation and hydroxylation products formed by previable foetuses perfused with androstenedione and testosterone","volume":"57","author":"Mancuso","year":"1968","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-28-11-1611","article-title":"Formation of estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,15 alpha, 16 alpha, 17 beta-tetrol (estetrol) and estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,15 alpha, 17 beta-triol from neutral precursors","volume":"28","author":"YoungLai","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1139\/o69-005","article-title":"Formation of ring-D-hydroxylated estrogens from C-19 precursors administered to the fetus in utero","volume":"47","author":"YoungLai","year":"1969","journal-title":"Can. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-128X(78)80003-8","article-title":"Formation of 15\u03b1-hydroxyestriol and 15\u03b1-hydroxyestradiol from C19 15\u03b1-hydroxylated precursors in human pregnancy","volume":"31","author":"Stanczyk","year":"1978","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2023.106359","article-title":"Biosynthesis of estetrol in human pregnancy: Potential pathways","volume":"232","author":"Stanczyk","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-197311000-00006","article-title":"Plasma estrogens in childhood and puberty under physiologic and pathologic conditions","volume":"7","author":"Bidlingmaier","year":"1973","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-128X(72)80019-9","article-title":"Pattern of estetrol conjugation in the human","volume":"19","author":"Jirku","year":"1972","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-128X(76)90072-6","article-title":"Syntheses of estetrol monoglucuronides","volume":"27","author":"Nambara","year":"1976","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1139\/o78-016","article-title":"Precursor role of 15alpha-hydroxyestradiol and 15alpha-hydroxyandrostenedione in the formation of estetrol","volume":"56","author":"Schut","year":"1978","journal-title":"Can. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib28","first-page":"22","article-title":"Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric identification of neutral and phenolic steroids in amniotic fluid","volume":"47","author":"Siegel","year":"1969","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Exp. Biol. Fenn."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(71)90012-4","article-title":"Excretion of 15\u03b1-hydroxyestriol and estriol in maternal urine during normal pregnancy","volume":"2","author":"Heikkil\u00e4","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90692-2","article-title":"Urinary excretion of estriol and 15 alpha-hydroxyestriol in complicated pregnancies","volume":"110","author":"Heikkil\u00e4","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(73)90524-3","article-title":"Estetrol in molar pregnancies quantitated by a rapid gas chromatographic method in conjunction with estrone, estradiol-17beta, estriol, and pregnanediol","volume":"115","author":"Kaplan","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90804-0","article-title":"Radioimmunoassay for estrogens in human pregnancy urine, plasma, and amniotic fluid","volume":"109","author":"Gurpide","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(72)90061-1","article-title":"Serum levels of unconjugated estetrol-(1,3,5(10)-estratrien 1,15,16,17 -tetrol) during human pregnancy","volume":"3","author":"Giebenhain","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib34","first-page":"489","article-title":"The applications of steroid hormone radioimmunoassays to clinical obstetrics","volume":"46","author":"Buster","year":"1975","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(76)80314-6","article-title":"Improved antisera for the specific radioimmunoassay of oestetrol","volume":"64","author":"Park","year":"1976","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-128X(76)90138-0","article-title":"Radioimmunoassay of 15alpha-hydroxyestriol (estetrol) in pregnancy serum","volume":"27","author":"Kundu","year":"1976","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-128X(77)90097-6","article-title":"radioimmunoassay of plasma unconjugated and conjugated estetrol","volume":"30","author":"Den","year":"1977","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib38","first-page":"465","article-title":"[Radioimmunoassay of conjugated and non-conjugated estetrol (E4)]","volume":"25","author":"Den","year":"1977","journal-title":"Horumon Rinsho"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib39","first-page":"801","article-title":"[The determination of plasma and urinary estetrol (E4) for assessing fetal and neonatal prognosis (author's transl)]","volume":"54","author":"Takagi","year":"1978","journal-title":"Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib40","first-page":"227","article-title":"Radioimmunoassay of unconjugated and total serum estetrol using a 125I-iodinated tracer","volume":"11","author":"Zucchelli","year":"1979","journal-title":"Horm. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00592.x","article-title":"Plasma unconjugated 15alpha-hydroxyoestriol (oestetrol) levels in normal human pregnancy","volume":"82","author":"Korda","year":"1975","journal-title":"Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-40-4-560","article-title":"Plasma estetrol as an index of fetal well-being","volume":"40","author":"Tulchinsky","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)33738-3","article-title":"Estriol and estetrol in amniotic fluid","volume":"118","author":"Sciarra","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib44","first-page":"254","article-title":"[Excretion of estriol, estetrol, 16-epi-estriol, 16-keto-estradiol and 16-hydroxyestrone in the 24-hour urine of pregnant women in the last trimester]","volume":"65","author":"Weiss","year":"1975","journal-title":"Endokrinologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib45","first-page":"77","article-title":"Plasma levels of unconjugated estetrol and estriol and of total estriol in normal human pregnancy","volume":"10","author":"Gualandi","year":"1979","journal-title":"Acta Eur. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197603042941003","article-title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate loading test in the diagnosis of complicated pregnancies","volume":"294","author":"Tulchinsky","year":"1976","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib47","first-page":"753","article-title":"Unconjugated oestetrol in plasma in response to an intravenous load of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS) in uncomplicated and complicated human pregnancy","volume":"89","author":"Axelsson","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol. (Copenh)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib48","first-page":"201","article-title":"Estetrol a predikce ohrozen\u00ed plodu [Estetrol and the prediction of threatened fetus","volume":"43","author":"Presl","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cesk Gynekol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib49","first-page":"513","article-title":"Sequential determination of serum human placental lactogen, estriol, and estetrol for assessment of fetal morbidity","volume":"52","author":"Kundu","year":"1978","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib50","first-page":"232","article-title":"Estetrolwerte bei gef\u00e4hrdeten Schwangerschaften [Estetrol values in high risk pregnancies]","volume":"228","author":"Vetter","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib51","first-page":"232","article-title":"[Significance of estetrol--a fetal steroid--for control of high-risk pregnancies]","volume":"228","author":"K\u00fcnzig","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-128X(76)90054-4","article-title":"Uterine estrogen receptor binding of catecholestrogens and of estetrol (1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,15alpha,16alpha,17beta-tetrol)","volume":"27","author":"Martucci","year":"1976","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-101-6-1709","article-title":"Direction of estradiol metabolism as a control of its hormonal action--uterotrophic activity of estradiol metabolites","volume":"101","author":"Martucci","year":"1977","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(76)90184-9","article-title":"Competition of estetrol and ethynylestradiol with estradiol for nuclear binding in human endometrium","volume":"7","author":"Tseng","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(78)90003-1","article-title":"Heterogeneity of saturable estradiol binding sites in nuclei of human endometrium. Estetrol studies","volume":"9","author":"Tseng","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/13697130802073425","article-title":"Estetrol review: profile and potential clinical applications","volume":"11","author":"Coelingh Bennink","year":"2008","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2007.11.014","article-title":"Ovulation inhibition by estetrol in an in vivo model","volume":"77","author":"Coelingh Bennink","year":"2008","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1080\/13625187.2022.2093850","article-title":"A novel estetrol-containing combined oral contraceptive: European expert panel review","volume":"27","author":"Gemzell-Danielsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Contracept. Reprod. Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2025.108781","article-title":"Estetrol for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women: The design of the E4COMFORT I and II trials","volume":"204","author":"Panay","year":"2026","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.70182","article-title":"A concept for a new approach to combined oral contraception from adolescence to perimenopause: Continuous use of the oral GnRH antagonist Relugolix and the fetal estrogen Estetrol","volume":"105","author":"Coelingh Bennink","year":"2026","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib61","first-page":"97","article-title":"Delayed oral estradiol combined with leuprolide increases endometriosis-related pain","volume":"4","author":"Hurst","year":"2000","journal-title":"JSLS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148369","article-title":"Use of liposome-encapsulated estetrol for treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"1809","author":"Tskitishvili","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgu144","article-title":"Antiestrogenic effects of the fetal estrogen estetrol in women with estrogen-receptor positive early breast cancer","volume":"35","author":"Singer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-020-03472-8","article-title":"Tumor suppression, dose-limiting toxicity and wellbeing with the fetal estrogen estetrol in patients with advanced breast cancer","volume":"147","author":"Schmidt","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15050452","article-title":"Estetrol Enhances Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Neurite Outgrowth in Cellular Models of Alzheimer's Disease","volume":"15","author":"Grimm","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2024.110782","article-title":"New endocrine method of oral male contraception","volume":"145","author":"Coelingh Bennink","year":"2025","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"AB205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2024.07.815","article-title":"Estetrol (E4) prolongs anagen ex vivo: does E4 have the potential as novel strategy to treat female pattern hair loss?","volume":"91","author":"Le Riche","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2025.10.470","article-title":"Estetrol prevents catagen progression in healthy and female pattern hair loss follicles ex vivo","volume":"145","author":"Le Riche","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960076026001718?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0960076026001718?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:29:15Z","timestamp":1791354555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0960076026001718"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S0960076026001718"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105","relation":{},"ISSN":["0960-0760"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0960-0760","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The history of the discovery of estetrol","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2026.107105","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"107105"}}