{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T12:45:37Z","timestamp":1778503537639,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]],"date-time":"2011-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1322697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,15]],"date-time":"2011-09-15T07:21:05Z","timestamp":1316071265000},"page":"1207-1216","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Path analysis of factors for functional outcome at one year in 463 proximal humeral fractures"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Norbert P.","family":"S\u00fcdkamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Audig\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Hertel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000163836.66906.74","article-title":"Path analysis of factors for delayed healing and nonunion in 416 operatively treated tibial shaft fractures","volume":"438","author":"Audig\u00e9","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-009-0975-9","article-title":"Clinical and radiological evaluation of minimally displaced proximal humeral fractures","volume":"130","author":"Bahrs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200402000-00015","article-title":"Four part fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"18","author":"Bhandari","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-009-8091-7","article-title":"Proximal humeral fractures and intramedullary nailing. Experience with a new nail system","volume":"35","author":"Blum","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181920e5b","article-title":"Open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures using a proximal humeral locked plate: a prospective multicenter analysis","volume":"23","author":"Brunner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/13697130801946779","article-title":"Factors influencing women\u2019s quality of life in the later half of life","volume":"11","author":"Chiu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970310001583","article-title":"A causal model of rehabilitation resource use for subjects with spinal cord injury in Taiwan","volume":"35","author":"Chung","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib8","first-page":"160","article-title":"A clinical method of functional assessment of the shoulder","author":"Constant","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/142.6_Pt_1.1337","article-title":"Path analysis of familial resemblance of pulmonary function and cigarette smoking","volume":"142","author":"Cotch","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1080\/000164701753542023","article-title":"The epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures","volume":"72","author":"Court-Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X0900900201","article-title":"Methods for estimating adjusted risk ratios","volume":"9","author":"Cummings","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stata J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.01.014","article-title":"Review: a gentle introduction to imputation of missing values","volume":"59","author":"Donders","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1080\/00016470310017992","article-title":"Minimally displaced proximal humeral fractures: epidemiology and outcome in 507 cases","volume":"74","author":"Gaebler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2986","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0916-5","article-title":"Is locking nailing of humeral head fractures superior to locking plate fixation?","volume":"467","author":"Gradl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434.pub2","article-title":"Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults","author":"Handoll","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.03.024","article-title":"Functional outcomes after nonoperative management of fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"18","author":"Hanson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib17","first-page":"250","article-title":"Epidemiology of fracture of the upper end of the humerus","author":"Horak","year":"1975","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199702000-00006","article-title":"Functional outcome after minimally displaced fractures of the proximal part of the humerus","volume":"79","author":"Koval","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678709146347","article-title":"Epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures","volume":"58","author":"Kristiansen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib20","first-page":"1018","article-title":"[Metacarpal fractures: treatment indications and options. Results of a multicenter study]","volume":"74","author":"Kuntscher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chirurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00932316","article-title":"The epidemiology of fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"108","author":"Lind","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7351.1448","article-title":"Randomised trials in surgery: problems and possible solutions","volume":"324","author":"McCulloch","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(00)00242-4","article-title":"Complex proximal humeral fractures in adults\u2013a systematic review of management","volume":"32","author":"Misra","year":"2001","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib24","series-title":"The comprehensive classification of fractures of long bones","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200011000-00005","article-title":"Displaced three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures: evaluation and management","volume":"8","author":"Naranja","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197052060-00001","article-title":"Displaced proximal humeral fractures. I. Classification and evaluation","volume":"52","author":"Neer","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.6.587","article-title":"Risk factors for proximal humerus, forearm, and wrist fractures in elderly men and women: the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study","volume":"153","author":"Nguyen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000194673.56764.0e","article-title":"Clinical importance of comorbidity in patients with a proximal humerus fracture","volume":"442","author":"Olsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.01351","article-title":"Fracture displacement and screw cutout after open reduction and locked plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures [corrected]","volume":"90","author":"Owsley","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000194672.79634.78","article-title":"Update in the epidemiology of proximal humeral fractures","volume":"442","author":"Palvanen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib31","first-page":"539","article-title":"Fixed-angle locking plating of displaced proximal humerus fractures","volume":"59","author":"Parnes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib32","first-page":"505","article-title":"[The Non-Contact Bridging Plate. A new fixed-angle device for the minimally-invasive treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus\u2013technique and preliminary results]","volume":"110","author":"R\u00f6derer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567080-00026","article-title":"The randomized clinical trial in orthopaedics: obligation or option?","volume":"67","author":"Rudicel","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-007-0841-1","article-title":"Incidence and outcome of osteoporotic fractures in 2004 in Sado City, Niigata Prefecture","volume":"26","author":"Sakuma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Japan. J Bone Miner Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib35","first-page":"602","article-title":"Outcome of proximal humerus fractures treated by PHILOS plate internal fixation. Experience of a district general hospital","volume":"74","author":"Shahid","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.6.5.606","article-title":"A path analysis to identify the psychosocial factors influencing physical activity and bone health in middle-school girls","volume":"6","author":"Sharma","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Phys Act Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31819344bf","article-title":"Locked plating of 3- and 4-part proximal humerus fractures in older patients: the effect of initial fracture pattern on outcome","volume":"23","author":"Solberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2007.02.135","article-title":"Total shoulder arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for rheumatoid arthritis of the shoulder: results of 303 consecutive cases","volume":"16","author":"Sperling","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00006","article-title":"Open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humeral fractures with use of the locking proximal humerus plate. Results of a prospective, multicenter, observational study","volume":"91","author":"S\u00fcdkamp","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-009-0744-x","article-title":"Gender-specific Constant score correction for age","volume":"17","author":"Tavakkolizadeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.06.004","article-title":"Treatment of proximal humerus fractures with locking plates: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Thanasas","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s001130050100","article-title":"[Dislocated multiple fragment fractures of the head of the humerus. Does dislocation of the humeral head fragment signify a worse prognosis?]","volume":"100","author":"Trupka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Unfallchirurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e318133479c","article-title":"Treatment of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"21","author":"Vallier","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.07.003","article-title":"The Constant score in normal shoulders","volume":"14","author":"Yian","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00155","article-title":"Locking intramedullary nails and locking plates in the treatment of two-part proximal humeral surgical neck fractures: a prospective randomized trial with a minimum of three years of follow-up","volume":"93","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(97)00211-8","article-title":"Non-operative treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients","volume":"29","author":"Zyto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Injury"}],"container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274611002680?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274611002680?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,15]],"date-time":"2019-06-15T11:40:00Z","timestamp":1560598800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1058274611002680"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1058274611002680"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2011.06.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-2746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-2746","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]}}}