{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:50:17Z","timestamp":1782798617492,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jshoulderelbow.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T19:09:26Z","timestamp":1596308966000},"page":"720-728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Three-dimensional kinematic features in large and massive rotator cuff tears with pseudoparesis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3597-4388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wataru","family":"Sahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaharu","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Inui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoji","family":"Konda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21269","article-title":"Moment arms of the shoulder muscles during axial rotation","volume":"29","author":"Ackland","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib2","first-page":"1229","article-title":"Arthroscopic repair of full-thickness tears of the supraspinatus: does the tendon really heal?","volume":"87","author":"Boileau","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.03.028","article-title":"Rotation sequence is an important factor in shoulder kinematics. Application to the elite players' flat serves","volume":"43","author":"Bonnefoy-Mazure","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.100B12.BJJ-2018-0493.R1","article-title":"The lever arm ratio of the rotator cuff to deltoid muscle explains and predicts pseudoparalysis of the shoulder: the Shoulder Abduction Moment index","volume":"100-B","author":"Bouaicha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib5","first-page":"144","article-title":"Fluoroscopic comparison of kinematic patterns in massive rotator cuff tears. A suspension bridge model","author":"Burkhart","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.07.024","article-title":"Should we have a better definition of pseudoparalysis in patients with rotator cuff tears?","volume":"33","author":"Burks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.03.003","article-title":"Subscapularis minor\u2014an analogue of the teres minor?","volume":"99","author":"Collin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.11.019","article-title":"Relationship between massive chronic rotator cuff tear pattern and loss of active shoulder range of motion","volume":"23","author":"Collin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2015.03.001","article-title":"Is rehabilitation effective in massive rotator cuff tears?","volume":"101","author":"Collin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(99)90097-6","article-title":"Fatty degeneration of the muscles of the rotator cuff: assessment by computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"8","author":"Fuchs","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib11","first-page":"78","article-title":"Fatty muscle degeneration in cuff ruptures: pre- and postoperative evaluation by CT scan","author":"Goutallier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(00)00028-0","article-title":"Dynamic contributions to superior shoulder stability","volume":"19","author":"Halder","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.06.003","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo 3-dimensional analysis of scapular and glenohumeral kinematics: comparison of symptomatic or asymptomatic shoulders with rotator cuff tears and healthy shoulders","volume":"24","author":"Kijima","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.03.014","article-title":"Hypertrophic changes of the teres minor muscle in rotator cuff tears: quantitative evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"23","author":"Kikukawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2017.03.014","article-title":"The effect of a rotator cuff tear and its size on three-dimensional shoulder motion","volume":"45","author":"Kolk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-017-0709-6","article-title":"Dynamic kinematics of the glenohumeral joint in shoulders with rotator cuff tears","volume":"13","author":"Kozono","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-011-1178-3","article-title":"The teres minor muscle in rotator cuff tendon tears","volume":"40","author":"Melis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.08.031","article-title":"Alterations in glenohumeral kinematics in patients with rotator cuff tears measured with biplane fluoroscopy","volume":"32","author":"Millett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2003.9","article-title":"The effect of infraspinatus disruption on glenohumeral torque and superior migration of the humeral head: a biomechanical study","volume":"12","author":"Mura","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00032","article-title":"Does a critical rotator cuff tear stage exist?: a biomechanical study of rotator cuff tear progression in human cadaver shoulders","volume":"93","author":"Oh","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2017.03.017","article-title":"Volumetric evaluation of the rotator cuff musculature in massive rotator cuff tears with pseudoparalysis","volume":"26","author":"Rhee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.08.023","article-title":"Influence of humeral abduction angle on axial rotation and contact area at the glenohumeral joint","volume":"28","author":"Sahara","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2007.05.010","article-title":"Shoulder kinematics in patients with full-thickness rotator cuff tears after a subacromial injection","volume":"17","author":"Scibek","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2008.10.005","article-title":"The effect of anterosuperior rotator cuff tears on glenohumeral translation","volume":"25","author":"Su","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.09.007","article-title":"The effect of posterosuperior rotator cuff tears and biceps loading on glenohumeral translation","volume":"26","author":"Su","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659602400307","article-title":"A biomechanical analysis of rotator cuff deficiency in a cadaveric model","volume":"24","author":"Thompson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2017.02.024","article-title":"Pseudoparalysis: a systematic review of term definitions, treatment approaches, and outcomes of management techniques","volume":"26","author":"Tokish","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2019.03.012","article-title":"Comparison of scapular upward rotation during arm elevation in the scapular plane in healthy volunteers and patients with rotator cuff tears pre- and post-surgery","volume":"63","author":"Ueda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.05.026","article-title":"Fluoroscopic, magnetic resonance imaging, and electrophysiologic assessment of shoulders with massive tears of the rotator cuff","volume":"24","author":"Wieser","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2004.05.042","article-title":"ISB recommendation on definitions of joint coordinate systems of various joints for the reporting of human joint motion\u2014part II: shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand","volume":"38","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biomech"}],"container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274620306169?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274620306169?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:50:37Z","timestamp":1761007837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1058274620306169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1058274620306169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-2746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-2746","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Three-dimensional kinematic features in large and massive rotator cuff tears with pseudoparesis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}