{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T02:36:32Z","timestamp":1793414192244,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jshoulderelbow.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T02:27:44Z","timestamp":1620181664000},"page":"2711-2719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Predictors of traumatic nerve injury and nerve recovery following humeral shaft fracture"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3796-3084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Entezari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2176-1522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey J.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather A.","family":"Vallier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib1","first-page":"1580","article-title":"Avoiding complications in the treatment of humeral fractures","volume":"90","author":"Anglen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678608994400","article-title":"Radial palsy in shaft fracture of the humerus","volume":"57","author":"B\u00f6stman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-009-0951-4","article-title":"The management of humeral shaft fractures with associated radial nerve palsy: a review of 117 cases","volume":"130","author":"Bumba\u0161irevi\u0107","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2006.07.001","article-title":"The radial nerve in the brachium: an anatomic study in human cadavers","volume":"32","author":"Carlan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.07.012","article-title":"Factors associated with radial nerve palsy after operative treatment of diaphyseal humeral shaft fractures","volume":"24","author":"Claessen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2006.02.013","article-title":"Radial nerve injuries associated with humeral fractures","volume":"31","author":"DeFranco","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20100625-16","article-title":"Outcome of nonoperative vs operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures: a retrospective study of 213 patients","volume":"33","author":"Denard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B11.17634","article-title":"Fractures of the shaft of the humerus: an epidemiological study of 401 fractures","volume":"88","author":"Ekholm","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e318177eb06","article-title":"Primary radial nerve palsy in patients with acute humeral shaft fractures","volume":"22","author":"Ekholm","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31818915bf","article-title":"The Holstein-Lewis humeral shaft fracture: aspects of radial nerve injury, primary treatment, and outcome","volume":"22","author":"Ekholm","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(60)90003-9","article-title":"Radial nerve injuries in fractures of the shaft of the humerus","volume":"99","author":"Garcia","year":"1960","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.06.011","article-title":"Surgical treatment of humeral-shaft fractures: a register-based study in Finland between 1987 and 2009","volume":"43","author":"Huttunen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2013.01.004","article-title":"Approach to radial nerve palsy caused by humerus shaft fracture: is primary exploration necessary?","volume":"44","author":"Korompilias","year":"2013","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-016-3186-3","article-title":"Retrospective case series with one year follow-up after radial nerve palsy associated with humeral fractures","volume":"41","author":"Lang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e78576","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078576","article-title":"Review of literature of radial nerve injuries associated with humeral fractures\u2014an integrated management strategy","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20120725-10","article-title":"Comparison of initial nonoperative and operative management of radial nerve palsy associated with acute humeral shaft fractures","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2014.05.010","article-title":"Radial nerve injuries","volume":"40","author":"Ljungquist","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.16.00628","article-title":"Minimally invasive osteosynthesis with a bridge plate versus a functional brace for humeral shaft fractures: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"99","author":"Matsunaga","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001063","article-title":"Fracture and dislocation classification compendium\u20142018","volume":"32","author":"Meinberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2016.10.023","article-title":"Predictors of radial nerve palsy recovery in humeral shaft fractures: a retrospective review of 17 patients","volume":"103","author":"Nachef","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2013.03.012","article-title":"Management of radial nerve palsy following fractures of the humerus","volume":"44","author":"Niver","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199807000-00025","article-title":"Analysis of upper and lower extremity peripheral nerve injuries in a population of patients with multiple injuries","volume":"45","author":"Noble","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198163020-00009","article-title":"Treatment of radial neuropathy associated with fractures of the humerus","volume":"63","author":"Pollock","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2003.09.013","article-title":"Radial nerve palsy associated with high-energy humeral shaft fractures","volume":"29","author":"Ring","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-016-0414-3","article-title":"Humerus shaft fracture complicated by radial nerve palsy: is surgical exploration necessary?","volume":"100","author":"Rocchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(90)90006-G","article-title":"Radial nerve lesions associated with fractures of the humeral shaft","volume":"21","author":"Samardzi\u0107","year":"1990","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197759050-00004","article-title":"Functional bracing of fractures of the shaft of the humerus","volume":"59","author":"Sarmiento","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-017-0775-9","article-title":"Radial nerve palsy in humeral shaft fractures with internal fixation: analysis of management and outcome","volume":"44","author":"Schwab","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001666","article-title":"Modern results of functional bracing of humeral shaft fractures: a multicenter retrospective analysis","volume":"34","author":"Serrano","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198301000-00033","article-title":"Radial nerve paralysis associated with fractures of the humerus. A review of 62 cases","volume":"172","author":"Shah","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B12.16132","article-title":"Radial nerve palsy associated with fractures of the shaft of the humerus: a systematic review","volume":"87","author":"Shao","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2012.08.005","article-title":"Emerging concepts in upper extremity trauma","volume":"44","author":"Steffner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-013-1197-y","article-title":"Secondary radial nerve palsy after internal fixation of humeral shaft fractures","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195436010-00011","article-title":"Relation of the radial nerve to the shaft of the humerus","volume":"36","author":"Whitson","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.5606\/ehc.2016.08","article-title":"Humeral shaft fractures and radial nerve palsy: early exploration findings","volume":"27","author":"Y\u00f6r\u00fcko\u011flu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi"}],"container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274621004055?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274621004055?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:53:52Z","timestamp":1761008032000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1058274621004055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1058274621004055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-2746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-2746","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Predictors of traumatic nerve injury and nerve recovery following humeral shaft fracture","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2021.04.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}