{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T22:44:44Z","timestamp":1773096284433,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]],"date-time":"2023-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":341,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18K17681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18K17681"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jshoulderelbow.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T06:25:12Z","timestamp":1664259912000},"page":"168-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of quantitative partial valgus stress during baseball pitching on ball velocity and subjective pitch-effort"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6604-3797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshikazu","family":"Kida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1466-0160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenta","family":"Takatsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Sukenari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9405-8462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Okubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8169-0899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Okihiro","family":"Onishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Kojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Seya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taisuke","family":"Oishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7669-6719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Kida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Morihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.6365","article-title":"Exploring wearable sensors as an alternative to marker-based motion capture in the pitching delivery","volume":"7","author":"Boddy","year":"2019","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3094","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211029017","article-title":"Are wearable sensors valid and reliable for studying the baseball pitching motion? An independent comparison with marker-based motion capture","volume":"49","author":"Camp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3030","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517719047","article-title":"The relationship of throwing arm mechanics and elbow varus torque: within-subject variation for professional baseball pitchers across 82,000 throws","volume":"45","author":"Camp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3002","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518795892","article-title":"Changes in throwing arm mechanics at increased throwing distances during structured long-toss","volume":"46","author":"Dowling","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.025437","article-title":"Postero-medial elbow problems in the adult athlete","volume":"40","author":"Eygendaal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G\u2217Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"Faul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib7","series-title":"American Society of Biomechanics: Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting","first-page":"151","article-title":"Kinematic and kinetic comparison of full effort and partial effort baseball pitching","author":"Fleisig","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515621756","article-title":"Return-to-play outcomes in professional baseball players after medial ulnar collateral ligament injuries: comparison of operative versus nonoperative treatment based on magnetic resonance imaging findings","volume":"44","author":"Ford","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.07.022","article-title":"Validity and interobserver reliability of visual observation to assess partial weight-bearing","volume":"90","author":"Hurkmans","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib10","first-page":"119","article-title":"Current advances in training orthopaedic patients to comply with partial weight-bearing instructions","volume":"85","author":"Hustedt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-018-0341-3","article-title":"Permissive weight bearing in trauma patients with fracture of the lower extremities: prospective multicenter comparative cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Kalmet","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.05.004","article-title":"Prevalence of posterior elbow problems in Japanese high school baseball players","volume":"25","author":"Kida","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514536843","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical characteristics of osteochondritis dissecans of the humeral capitellum among adolescent baseball players","volume":"42","author":"Kida","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.07.037","article-title":"Predictors of elbow torque among professional baseball pitchers","volume":"29","author":"Lizzio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.08.014","article-title":"Importance of radar gun inclusion during return-to-throwing rehabilitation following ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction in baseball pitchers: a simulation study","volume":"29","author":"Lizzio","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2017.09.045","article-title":"Assessment of elbow torque and other parameters during the pitching motion: comparison of fastball, curveball, and change-up","volume":"34","author":"Makhni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2017.11.013","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the humeral capitellum","volume":"23","author":"Maruyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2019.08.001","article-title":"Relationship between workload and throwing injury in varsity baseball players","volume":"40","author":"Mehta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519850560","article-title":"Baseball pitchers' perceived effort does not match actual measured effort during a structured long-toss throwing program","volume":"47","author":"Melugin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02457799","article-title":"Limb-load alarm device for partial-weight-bearing walking exercise","volume":"16","author":"Miyazaki","year":"1978","journal-title":"Med Biol Eng Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518770619","article-title":"Predictors of elbow torque among youth and adolescent baseball pitchers","volume":"46","author":"Okoroha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.01.025","article-title":"Impact of ball weight on medial elbow torque in youth baseball pitchers","volume":"28","author":"Okoroha","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2509","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518782451","article-title":"Effect of fatigue on medial elbow torque in baseball pitchers: a simulated game analysis","volume":"46","author":"Okoroha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117707703","article-title":"Age-specific prevalence and clinical characteristics of humeral medial epicondyle apophysitis and osteochondritis dissecans: ultrasonographic assessment of 4249 players","volume":"5","author":"Otoshi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2002.32.6.293","article-title":"Interval sport programs: guidelines for baseball, tennis, and golf","volume":"32","author":"Reinold","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2821","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519868939","article-title":"Relationship between glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and medial elbow torque in high school baseball pitchers","volume":"47","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274622007017?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274622007017?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:57:38Z","timestamp":1761008258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1058274622007017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1058274622007017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-2746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-2746","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of quantitative partial valgus stress during baseball pitching on ball velocity and subjective pitch-effort","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2022.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}