{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T10:32:18Z","timestamp":1793701938402,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jshoulderelbow.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T04:05:13Z","timestamp":1735013113000},"page":"2157-2164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Conserve or reverse? Outcomes of conservative treatment vs. reverse shoulder arthroplasty in displaced 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures in patients over 60 years"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6715-8609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Matheron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4944-8231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Stringfellow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8690-960X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moritz","family":"Lebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3125-7875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Domos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-014-0322-3","article-title":"Hemiarthroplasty versus reverse shoulder arthroplasty: comparative study of functional and radiological outcomes in the treatment of acute proximal humerus fracture","volume":"98","author":"Baudi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e382","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20161202-05","article-title":"The doubled-suture nice knot","volume":"40","author":"Boileau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2002.124527","article-title":"Tuberosity malposition and migration: reasons for poor outcomes after hemiarthroplasty for displaced fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"11","author":"Boileau","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.10.006","article-title":"Grammont reverse prosthesis: design, rationale, and biomechanics","volume":"14","author":"Boileau","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3483","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2531-0","article-title":"Hemiarthroplasty for humeral four-part fractures for patients 65 years and older: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"470","author":"Boons","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3483","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-012-2531-0","article-title":"Hemiarthroplasty for humeral four-part fractures for patients 65 years and older a randomized controlled trial","volume":"470","author":"Boons","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.07.019","article-title":"Three- and four-part displaced proximal humeral fractures in patients older than 70 years: reverse shoulder arthroplasty or nonsurgical treatment?","volume":"28","author":"Chivot","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.84B4.0840504","article-title":"Impacted valgus fractures (B1.1) of the proximal humerus. The results of non-operative treatment","volume":"84","author":"Court-Brown","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2006.04.130","article-title":"Epidemiology of adult fractures: a review","volume":"37","author":"Court-Brown","year":"2006","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1080\/00016470410004111","article-title":"The impacted varus (A2.2) proximal humeral fracture: prediction of outcome and results of nonoperative treatment in 99 patients","volume":"75","author":"Court-Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01637","article-title":"Comparison of hemiarthroplasty and reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients","volume":"95","author":"Cuff","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000434.pub3","article-title":"Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults","volume":"2012","author":"Handoll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.03.024","article-title":"Functional outcomes after nonoperative management of fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"18","author":"Hanson","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2004.01.034","article-title":"Predictors of humeral head ischemia after intracapsular fracture of the proximal humerus","volume":"13","author":"Hertel","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02551-x","article-title":"Epidemiology of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"16","author":"Iglesias-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-13-00190","article-title":"Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for the management of proximal humerus fractures","volume":"23","author":"Jobin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e242","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000312","article-title":"The epidemiology of upper extremity fractures in the United States, 2009","volume":"29","author":"Karl","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-020-09597-0","article-title":"Reverse shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humerus fracture","volume":"13","author":"Kelly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.90B11.21070","article-title":"Early management of proximal humeral fractures with hemiarthroplasty: a systematic review","volume":"90","author":"Kontakis","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199702000-00006","article-title":"Functional outcome after minimally displaced fractures of the proximal part of the humerus","volume":"79","author":"Koval","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001449","article-title":"Mortality rates of humerus fractures in the elderly: does surgical treatment matter?","volume":"33","author":"Lander","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib22","article-title":"Internal fixation versus nonoperative treatment for displaced 3-part or 4-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2019.06.024","article-title":"Reverse shoulder arthroplasty versus nonoperative treatment for 3- or 4-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Lopiz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.01.020","article-title":"Proximal humeral fracture classification systems revisited","volume":"20","author":"Majed","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2019.07.026","article-title":"Epidemiology and mortality in older patients treated by reverse shoulder arthroplasty for displaced proximal humerus fractures","volume":"105","author":"Maugendre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2019.1649728","article-title":"A concept analysis and overview of outcome measures used for evaluating patients with proximal humerus fractures","volume":"43","author":"Nowak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.12.018","article-title":"Internal fixation versus nonoperative treatment of displaced 3-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"20","author":"Olerud","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.07.066","article-title":"Conservative management of proximal humeral fractures: can poor functional outcome be related to standard transscapular radiographic evaluation?","volume":"19","author":"Poeze","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v6.i10.838","article-title":"Operative vs non-operative management of displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"6","author":"Rabi","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.1629","article-title":"Surgical vs nonsurgical treatment of adults with displaced fractures of the proximal humerus: the PROFHER randomized clinical trial","volume":"313","author":"Rangan","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.10.013","article-title":"Nonoperative management versus reverse shoulder arthroplasty for treatment of 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures in older adults","volume":"26","author":"Roberson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2151459318795241","article-title":"Mortality after complex displaced proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients: conservative versus operative treatment with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"9","author":"Rotman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.510.2000638","article-title":"Trials based on specific fracture configuration and surgical procedures likely to be more relevant for decision making in the management of fractures of the proximal humerus: findings of a meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Sabharwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jseint.2022.05.006","article-title":"Outcomes for type C proximal humerus fractures in the adult population: comparison of nonoperative treatment, locked plate fixation, and reverse shoulder arthroplasty","volume":"6","author":"Samborski","year":"2022","journal-title":"JSES Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-012-0181-8","article-title":"Complex fractures of the proximal humerus in the elderly-outcome and complications after locking plate fixation","volume":"96","author":"Schliemann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2151458517750516","article-title":"Proximal humerus fractures: evaluation and management in the elderly patient","volume":"9","author":"Schumaier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.06.035","article-title":"Reverse shoulder arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for acute proximal humeral fractures. A blinded, randomized, controlled, prospective study","volume":"23","author":"Sebasti\u00e1-Forcada","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.08.030","article-title":"Hemiarthroplasty versus reverse shoulder arthroplasty for treatment of proximal humeral fractures: a meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Shukla","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0564-8","article-title":"A scoping review of the proximal humerus fracture literature","volume":"16","author":"Slobogean","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-001-1091-x","article-title":"Proximal humerus fractures: a prospective study of the functional outcome after conservative treatment","volume":"27","author":"Vrancken Peeters","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2013.829529","article-title":"Reliability and validity of shoulder function outcome measures in people with a proximal humeral fracture","volume":"36","author":"Van De Water","year":"2014","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(95)80016-6","article-title":"Shoulder function after displaced fractures of the proximal humerus","volume":"4","author":"Zyto","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(97)00211-8","article-title":"Non-operative treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients","volume":"29","author":"Zyto","year":"1998","journal-title":"Injury"}],"container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274624009406?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274624009406?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]],"date-time":"2025-08-20T00:29:25Z","timestamp":1755649765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1058274624009406"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1058274624009406"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-2746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-2746","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Conserve or reverse? Outcomes of conservative treatment vs. reverse shoulder arthroplasty in displaced 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures in patients over 60 years","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2024.10.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}