{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T19:22:51Z","timestamp":1770492171953,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004331","name":"Johnson and Johnson","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013276","name":"Interreg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013276","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jshoulderelbow.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T23:46:45Z","timestamp":1756856805000},"page":"786-797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Management of a first time anterior shoulder dislocation: the decision-making process of a surgeon"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2836-4339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liselore","family":"Quintens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0469-6052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filip","family":"Verhaegen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7587-2231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Debeer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2023.03.011","article-title":"Trends and projections in surgical stabilization of glenohumeral instability in the United States from 2009 to 2030: rise of the Latarjet procedure and fall of open Bankart repair","volume":"32","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-020-01189-6","article-title":"Discrete choice experiments to generate utility values for multi-attribute utility instruments: a systematic review of methods","volume":"21","author":"Bahrampour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-016-2553-2","article-title":"Management of shoulder instability: the current state of treatment among German orthopaedic surgeons","volume":"136","author":"Balke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465211065403","article-title":"Shoulder stabilization versus immobilization for first-time anterior shoulder dislocation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of level 1 randomized controlled trials","volume":"51","author":"Belk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-015-2156-3","article-title":"Survey on the management of acute first-time anterior shoulder dislocation amongst Dutch public hospitals","volume":"135","author":"Berendes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.01.031","article-title":"Operative versus nonoperative treatment after primary traumatic anterior glenohumeral dislocation: expected-value decision analysis","volume":"20","author":"Bishop","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.02.035","article-title":"Factors influencing surgeon\u2019s choice of procedure for anterior shoulder instability: a multicenter prospective cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Bishop","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300041801","article-title":"A prospective, randomized evaluation of arthroscopic stabilization versus nonoperative treatment in patients with acute, traumatic, first-time shoulder dislocations","volume":"30","author":"Bottoni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib9","article-title":"Conservative management following closed reduction of traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder","volume":"5","author":"Braun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503262686","article-title":"Glenohumeral arthrosis in anterior instability before and after surgical treatment: incidence and contributing factors","volume":"32","author":"Buscayret","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1308\/003588406X117115","article-title":"Survey of the management of acute traumatic first-time anterior shoulder dislocation among trauma clinicians in the UK","volume":"88","author":"Chong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib12","series-title":"Sawtooth Softw","first-page":"161","article-title":"An overview and comparison of design strategies for choice-based conjoint analysis","author":"Chrzan","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519831286","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of glenoid bone loss after first-time and recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability events","volume":"47","author":"Dickens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2449","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546518781331","article-title":"The incidence of glenohumeral bone and cartilage lesions at the time of anterior shoulder stabilization surgery: a comparison of patients undergoing primary and revision surgery","volume":"46","author":"Duchman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671241282657","article-title":"Evaluating the importance of return to sports and hamstring strength in a discrete choice experiment for anterior cruciate ligament injury","volume":"12","author":"Feeley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Orthop J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967118805983","article-title":"Anterior shoulder instability: a systematic review of the quality and quantity of the current literature for surgical treatment","volume":"6","author":"Glazebrook","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthop J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3009","article-title":"Prevalence, pattern, and spectrum of glenoid bone loss in anterior shoulder dislocation: CT analysis of 218 patients","volume":"190","author":"Griffith","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.04.004","article-title":"Statistical methods for the analysis of discrete choice experiments: a report of the ISPOR conjoint analysis good research practices task force","volume":"19","author":"Hauber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib19","series-title":"Getting started with conjoint analysis: strategies for product design and pricing research","first-page":"57","article-title":"Sample size issues for conjoint analysis","author":"Johnson","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200826080-00004","article-title":"Conducting discrete choice experiments to inform healthcare decision making: a user\u2019s guide","volume":"26","author":"Lancsar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.07.003","article-title":"Surgical treatment for recurrent shoulder instability: factors influencing surgeon decision making","volume":"30","author":"Lau","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1177\/17585732221117103","article-title":"Trends in the surgical treatment of posterior shoulder instability in the United States from 2016 to 2020","volume":"15","author":"Lemme","year":"2023","journal-title":"Shoulder Elb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2011.01.006","article-title":"Management of traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation in the 17- to 25-year age group: a dramatic evolution of practice","volume":"21","author":"Malhotra","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2165\/11539650-000000000-00000","article-title":"Conjoint analysis applications in health - how are studies being designed and reported?: an update on current practice in the published literature between 2005 and 2008","volume":"3","author":"Marshall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Patient"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517698692","article-title":"Outcomes after arthroscopic Bankart repair: patients with first-time versus recurrent dislocations","volume":"45","author":"Marshall","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2010.10.037","article-title":"A predictive model of shoulder instability after a first-time anterior shoulder dislocation","volume":"20","author":"Mather","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2014.07.013","article-title":"The supine apprehension test helps predict the risk of recurrent instability after a first-time anterior shoulder dislocation","volume":"23","author":"Milgrom","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2020.08.005","article-title":"Current practices in the management of anterior glenohumeral instability in rugby union players","volume":"19","author":"Moore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2014-094342","article-title":"Risk factors which predispose first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations to recurrent instability in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Olds","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000447","article-title":"Who will redislocate his\/her shoulder? Predicting recurrent instability following a first traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation","volume":"5","author":"Olds","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib31","series-title":"The CBC\/HB system technical paper V5.6 the CBC\/HB system for hierarchical bayes estimation","author":"Orme","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509334591","article-title":"Incidence of glenohumeral instability in collegiate athletics","volume":"37","author":"Owens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1067\/mse.2000.108385","article-title":"Anterior shoulder dislocation in adolescents","volume":"9","author":"Postacchini","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"issue":"SUPPL. 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.00906","article-title":"Recurrent shoulder instability: current concepts for evaluation and management of glenoid bone loss","volume":"92","author":"Provencher","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-011-1673-z","article-title":"Current practice in shoulder pathology: results of a web-based survey among a community of 1,084 orthopedic surgeons","volume":"20","author":"Randelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Knee Surgery, Sport Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2140-1","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrence after Bankart repair a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Randelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.86B4.15014","article-title":"Anterior instability of the shoulder after trauma","volume":"86","author":"Robinson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2326","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.01327","article-title":"Functional outcome and risk of recurrent instability after primary traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation in young patients","volume":"88","author":"Robinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.01099","article-title":"Clinical validation of the glenoid track concept in anterior glenohumeral instability","volume":"98","author":"Shaha","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546515578250","article-title":"Redefining \u201cCritical\u201d Bone Loss in Shoulder Instability: functional Outcomes Worsen With \u201cSubcritical\u201d bone loss","volume":"43","author":"Shaha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00261","article-title":"Can the need for future surgery for acute traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation be predicted?","volume":"89","author":"Sachs","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2016.03.002","article-title":"Intra-articular lesions and their relation to arthroscopic stabilization failure in young patients with first-time and recurrent shoulder dislocations","volume":"25","author":"Shin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658401200103","article-title":"Prognosis in anterior shoulder dislocation","volume":"12","author":"Simonet","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671221144983","article-title":"Patient decision making in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a discrete choice experiment examining graft preference","volume":"11","author":"Sonnier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orthop J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671211046258","article-title":"Treatment decisions in pediatric sports medicine: do personal and professional bias affect decision-making?","volume":"9","author":"Stinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-029406","article-title":"How do surgeons\u2019 trade-off between patient outcomes and risk of complications in total knee arthroplasty? A discrete choice experiment in Australia","volume":"9","author":"Szawlowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1097\/00063110-200303000-00015","article-title":"Questionnaire reveals variations in the management of acute first time shoulder dislocations in the Netherlands","volume":"10","author":"te Slaa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/s001040170123","article-title":"[Therapy of traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation: current status of therapy in Germany. Are there scientifically verified therapy concepts?]","volume":"72","author":"Tingart","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chirurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.08.011","article-title":"Decision making in treatment after a first-time anterior glenohumeral dislocation: a Delphi approach by the Neer Circle of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons","volume":"29","author":"Tokish","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20.00232","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.RVW.20.00232","article-title":"Operative versus nonoperative treatment following first-time anterior shoulder dislocation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Van Spanning","year":"2021","journal-title":"JBJS Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib51","series-title":"The Sage encyclopedia of social science research methods","first-page":"549","article-title":"Latent class analysis","author":"Vermunt","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(89)90174-6","article-title":"Arthroscopic versus nonoperative treatment of acute shoulder dislocations in young athletes","volume":"5","author":"Wheeler","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.116278","article-title":"Risk factors associated with first time and recurrent shoulder instability: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Wright","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2006.12.012","article-title":"Contact between the glenoid and the humeral head in abduction, external rotation, and horizontal extension: a new concept of glenoid track","volume":"16","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00450","article-title":"Epidemiology of shoulder dislocations presenting to emergency departments in the United States","volume":"92","author":"Zacchilli","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"}],"container-title":["Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274625006184?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1058274625006184?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T21:20:53Z","timestamp":1770412853000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1058274625006184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1058274625006184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-2746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-2746","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Management of a first time anterior shoulder dislocation: the decision-making process of a surgeon","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jse.2025.07.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}