{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T19:14:28Z","timestamp":1792610068423,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","sleep.theclinics.com","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sleep Medicine Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T15:45:24Z","timestamp":1751903124000},"page":"379-387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Glymphatic System and Sleep Dysfunction in Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Daniele","family":"Urso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Gnoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Rollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang H.","family":"Jost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Logroscino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.13","article-title":"Parkinson disease","volume":"3","author":"Poewe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0448-y","article-title":"Sleep in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"45","author":"Stefani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18190","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1592-13.2013","article-title":"Cerebral arterial pulsation drives paravascular CSF-Interstitial fluid exchange in the murine brain","volume":"33","author":"Iliff","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03212-2","article-title":"Interaction between the glymphatic system and \u03b1-Synuclein in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"60","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20142290","article-title":"A dural lymphatic vascular system that drains brain interstitial fluid and macromolecules","volume":"212","author":"Aspelund","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.4370","article-title":"Association of perivascular localization of Aquaporin-4 with cognition and alzheimer disease in aging brains","volume":"74","author":"Zeppenfeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X231164337","article-title":"Reduced coupling of global brain function and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"43","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.05.016","article-title":"Establishing a framework for neuropathological correlates and glymphatic system functioning in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"103","author":"Sundaram","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-191627","article-title":"Sleep disturbance as potential risk and progression factor for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Bohnen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Parkinsons Dis"},{"issue":"6512","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb8739","article-title":"Glymphatic failure as a final common pathway to dementia","volume":"370","author":"Nedergaard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.390970","article-title":"Interplay between the glymphatic system and neurotoxic proteins in Parkinson\u2019s disease and related disorders: current knowledge and future directions","volume":"19","author":"Yue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(74)90099-5","article-title":"Bulk flow of interstitial fluid after intracranial injection of blue dextran 2000","volume":"45","author":"Cserr","year":"1974","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91275-6","article-title":"Distribution of extracellular tracers in perivascular spaces of the rat brain","volume":"545","author":"Ichimura","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2003.11.006","article-title":"Evidence for bulk flow of brain interstitial fluid: significance for physiology and pathology","volume":"45","author":"Abbott","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"issue":"147","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003748","article-title":"A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid \u03b2","volume":"4","author":"Iliff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib16","first-page":"7doi","article-title":"Aquaporin-4-dependent glymphatic solute transport in the rodent brain","author":"Mestre","year":"2018","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"6140","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1240514","article-title":"Neuroscience. Garbage truck of the brain","volume":"340","author":"Nedergaard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7560","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14432","article-title":"Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels","volume":"523","author":"Louveau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211275","article-title":"Glymphatic system clears extracellular tau and protects from tau aggregation and neurodegeneration","volume":"219","author":"Ishida","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16661202","article-title":"Glymphatic clearance controls state-dependent changes in brain lactate concentration","volume":"37","author":"Lundgaard","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3742-14.2015","article-title":"Biomarkers of traumatic injury are transported from brain to blood via the glymphatic system","volume":"35","author":"Plog","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.12.040","article-title":"Functional characterization of the dural sinuses as a neuroimmune interface","volume":"184","author":"Rustenhoven","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"6156","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241224","article-title":"Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain","volume":"342","author":"Xie","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aav5447","article-title":"Increased glymphatic influx is correlated with high EEG Delta power and low heart rate in mice under anesthesia","volume":"5","author":"Hablitz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3617","article-title":"Neurogenic neuroinflammation: inflammatory CNS reactions in response to neuronal activity","volume":"15","author":"Xanthos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx148","article-title":"Slow wave sleep disruption increases cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-\u03b2 levels","volume":"140","author":"Ju","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2022.104987","article-title":"The glymphatic system: current understanding and modeling","volume":"25","author":"Bohr","year":"2022","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"6465","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax5440","article-title":"Coupled electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and cerebrospinal fluid oscillations in human sleep","volume":"366","author":"Fultz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa443","article-title":"Sleep deprivation impairs molecular clearance from the human brain","volume":"144","author":"Eide","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"7465","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12481","article-title":"Self-propagation of pathogenic protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"501","author":"Jucker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-040323-031929","article-title":"Orexin receptor antagonism: normalizing sleep architecture in old age and disease","volume":"64","author":"Kron","year":"2024","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-015-0056-1","article-title":"Deletion of aquaporin-4 in APP\/PS1 mice exacerbates brain A\u03b2 accumulation and memory deficits","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib33","first-page":"1537","article-title":"Self-reported sleep and \u03b2-amyloid deposition in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"70","author":"Spira","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0094-x","article-title":"Genetic variation in Aquaporin-4 moderates the relationship between sleep and brain A\u03b2-amyloid burden","volume":"8","author":"Rainey-Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-024-00451-8","article-title":"Aquaporin-4 as a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"G\u00f3mez de San Jos\u00e9","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-021-01836-4","article-title":"Decreased AQP4 expression aggravates \u0251-Synuclein pathology in Parkinson\u2019s disease mice, possibly via impaired glymphatic clearance","volume":"71","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-024-01638-y","article-title":"Brain clearance is reduced during sleep and anesthesia","volume":"27","author":"Miao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2020.101917","article-title":"Is the glymphatic system the missing link between sleep impairments and neurological disorders? Examining the implications and uncertainties","volume":"198","author":"Christensen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib39","first-page":"195","article-title":"A two process model of sleep regulation","volume":"1","author":"Borb\u00e9ly","year":"1982","journal-title":"Hum Neurobiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000969","article-title":"The glymphatic system in humans: investigations with magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"59","author":"Naganawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Investig Radiol"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2648","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000201300","article-title":"Association of MRI indices of glymphatic system with amyloid deposition and cognition in mild cognitive impairment and alzheimer disease","volume":"99","author":"Kamagata","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28977","article-title":"Noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging measures of glymphatic system activity","volume":"59","author":"Kamagata","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-017-0617-z","article-title":"Evaluation of glymphatic system activity with the diffusion MR technique: diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) in Alzheimer\u2019s disease cases","volume":"35","author":"Taoka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26892","article-title":"Glymphatic imaging using MRI","volume":"51","author":"Taoka","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-022-00316-9","article-title":"Neuroimaging evidence of glymphatic system dysfunction in possible REM sleep behavior disorder and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Si","year":"2022","journal-title":"npj Parkinson\u2019s Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28369","article-title":"Automated methods for detecting and quantitation of enlarged perivascular spaces on MRI","volume":"57","author":"Moses","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.14254","article-title":"Intersection of sleep disorders and parkinson disease: unveiling the bidirectional relationship","volume":"12","author":"Antelmi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.09.010","article-title":"The course of insomnia in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.08.001","article-title":"A systematic review of the literature on disorders of sleep and wakefulness in Parkinson\u2019s disease from 2005 to 2015","volume":"35","author":"Chahine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14453","article-title":"Prevalence and associations of self-reported sleep problems in a large sample of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","author":"Asadpoordezaki","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(73)90245-9","article-title":"Effect of L-dopa or amantadine therapy on sleep spindles in Parkinsonism","volume":"35","author":"Puca","year":"1973","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.03.025","article-title":"Sleep microstructure in Parkinson\u2019s disease: cycling alternating pattern (CAP) as a sensitive marker of early NREM sleep instability","volume":"61","author":"Priano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2023.101759","article-title":"Sleep and wakefulness disturbances in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis on prevalence and clinical aspects of REM sleep behavior disorder, excessive daytime sleepiness and insomnia","volume":"68","author":"Maggi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000276402","article-title":"Excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson\u2019s disease: characteristics and determinants","volume":"63","author":"Poryazova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.01.012","article-title":"Neural substrates of excessive daytime sleepiness in early drug na\u00efve Parkinson\u2019s disease: a resting state functional MRI study","volume":"24","author":"Wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e328305044d","article-title":"Abnormal sleep and sleepiness in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Arnulf","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-996-0041-8","article-title":"Excessive daytime sleepiness and unintended sleep in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Rye","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.05.008","article-title":"Is obstructive sleep apnea a problem in Parkinson\u2019s disease?","volume":"11","author":"Cochen De Cock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00042","article-title":"The treatment of sleep disorders in Parkinson\u2019s disease: from research to clinical practice","volume":"8","author":"Loddo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz030","article-title":"Risk and predictors of dementia and parkinsonism in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder: a multicentre study","volume":"142","author":"Postuma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.104996","article-title":"REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)","volume":"143","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.0183","article-title":"Physical frailty, genetic predisposition, and incident parkinson disease","volume":"80","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib63","article-title":"The correlation between Parkinson\u2019s disease and rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Shrestha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2018.05.003","article-title":"Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and the link to alpha-synucleinopathies","volume":"129","author":"Barone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2770","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm056","article-title":"Pathophysiology of REM sleep behaviour disorder and relevance to neurodegenerative disease","volume":"130","author":"Boeve","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2008.11.003","article-title":"The clinical and pathophysiological relevance of REM sleep behavior disorder in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"13","author":"Iranzo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.221848","article-title":"Altered brain glymphatic flow at diffusion-tensor MRI in rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder","volume":"307","author":"Bae","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S480183","article-title":"Relationship of glymphatic function with cognitive impairment, sleep disorders, anxiety and depression in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"20","author":"Gui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2007.02.015","article-title":"Hypersensitivity of aquaporin 4-deficient mice to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrindine and astrocytic modulation","volume":"29","author":"Fan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12369","article-title":"Expression of aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 4 in the temporal neocortex of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"27","author":"Hoshi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10092261","article-title":"The role of glymphatic system in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease pathogenesis","volume":"10","author":"Buccellato","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008_bib72","article-title":"Glymphatic system dysfunction and sleep disturbance may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Scott-Massey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["Sleep Medicine Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1556407X25000414?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1556407X25000414?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T01:00:05Z","timestamp":1756947605000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1556407X25000414"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1556407X25000414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-407X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1556-407X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Glymphatic System and Sleep Dysfunction in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sleep Medicine Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsmc.2025.06.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}