{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T16:00:17Z","timestamp":1771257617846,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of School Psychology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T06:53:24Z","timestamp":1745304804000},"page":"101462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Contributing to the reproducibility crisis in Psychology: The role of statistical software choice on factor analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Stefan C.","family":"Dombrowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7604","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1038\/533452a","article-title":"1,500 scientists lift the lid on reproducibility","volume":"533","author":"Baker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/483531a","article-title":"Raise standards for preclinical cancer research","volume":"483","author":"Begley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2018.12.004","article-title":"Test use and assessment practices of school psychologists in the United States: Findings from the 2017 National Survey","volume":"72","author":"Benson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of School Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2024.101294","article-title":"Registered reports and replications: An ongoing journal of school Psychology initiative","volume":"103","author":"Braden","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012884","article-title":"Orthogonal higher-order factor structure of the Stanford-Binet intelligence scales\u2014Fifth edition for children and adolescents","volume":"23","author":"Canivez","year":"2008","journal-title":"School Psychology Quarterly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1002\/pits.22138","article-title":"Factor structure of the WISC\u2013 V for four standardization age groups: Exploratory and hierarchical factor analyses with the 16 primary and secondary subtests","volume":"55","author":"Canivez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychology in the Schools"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191118811609","article-title":"Construct validity of the WISC\u2013V in clinical cases: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the 10 primary subtests","volume":"27","author":"Canivez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0040","series-title":"Intelligent testing with the WISC\u2013V","first-page":"683","article-title":"Review of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children\u2013Fifth Edition: Critique, commentary, and independent analyses","author":"Canivez","year":"2016"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000238","article-title":"Factor structure of the Wechsler intelligence scale for children\u2014Fifth edition: Exploratory factor analyses with the 16 primary and secondary subtests","volume":"28","author":"Canivez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000358","article-title":"Structural validity of the Wechsler intelligence scale for children\u2014Fifth edition: Confirmatory factor analyses with the 16 primary and secondary subtests","volume":"29","author":"Canivez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1080\/08957347.2019.1619562","article-title":"Challenges to the Cattell-horn-Carroll theory: Empirical, clinical, and policy implications","volume":"32","author":"Canivez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Measurement in Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0060","series-title":"Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies","author":"Carroll","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr3003_6","article-title":"On methodology in the study of cognitive abilities","volume":"30","author":"Carroll","year":"1995","journal-title":"Multivariate Behavioral Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0001216","article-title":"Online cognitive assessment in the era of COVID-19: Examining the validity of the MEZURE","volume":"35","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychological Assessment"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1080\/10705511.2019.1622421","article-title":"Using exploratory Bifactor analysis to understand the latent structure of multidimensional psychological measures: An applied example featuring the WISC-V","volume":"26","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1177\/07342829211072399","article-title":"Test review: MEZURE","volume":"40","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1177\/08295735231224052","article-title":"Clinical assessment in school Psychology: Impervious to scientific reform?","volume":"39","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1177\/0734282920961952","article-title":"Factor analysis and variance partitioning in intelligence research: Clarifying misconceptions","volume":"39","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1080\/2372966X.2021.1960126","article-title":"Beyond the rhetoric of evidence-based assessment: A framework for critical thinking in clinical practice","volume":"51","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"School Psychology Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191119869828","article-title":"Monte Carlo modeling of contemporary intelligence test (IQ) factor structure: Implications for IQ assessment, interpretation and theory","volume":"28","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Assessment"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1007\/s40688-021-00365-6","article-title":"Will the real theoretical structure of the WISC-V please stand up? Implications for clinical interpretation","volume":"26","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Contemporary School Psychology"},{"issue":"101432","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0110","article-title":"Conjectures and refutations in cognitive ability structural validity research: Insights from Bayesian structural equation modeling","volume":"110","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1177\/0829573520978111","article-title":"Why questionable assessment practices remain popular in school psychology: Instructional materials as pedagogic vehicles","volume":"36","author":"Farmer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0120","first-page":"11","article-title":"Warning signs or hype in school-based assessment: Implications for training and pedagogy","volume":"39","author":"Farmer","year":"2022","journal-title":"School Psychology: Training & Pedagogy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1177\/0959354319835322","article-title":"Psychologists psychologizing scientific psychology: An epistemological reading of the replication crisis","volume":"29","author":"Flis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Theory & Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/08957347.2019.1619564","article-title":"Empirical considerations on intelligence testing and models of intelligence: Updates for educational measurement professionals","volume":"32","author":"Geisinger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Measurement in Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0135","series-title":"Factor analysis","author":"Gorsuch","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-021-01581-x","article-title":"Algorithmic jingle jungle: A comparison of implementations of principal axis factoring and promax rotation in R and SPSS","volume":"54","author":"Grieder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0145","author":"IBM Corp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0150","series-title":"IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 29.0","author":"IBM Corp","year":"2023"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020124","article-title":"Why most published research findings are false","volume":"2","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0160","series-title":"The g factor: The science of mental ability","author":"Jensen","year":"1998"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/02796015.1999.12085967","article-title":"The absence of structural fidelity precludes construct validity: Rejoinder to Naglieri on what the cognitive assessment system does and does not measure","volume":"28","author":"Keith","year":"1999","journal-title":"School Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0170","series-title":"The structure of scientific revolutions","author":"Kuhn","year":"1962"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2011.09.006","article-title":"Distinguishing science from pseudoscience in school psychology: Science and scientific thinking as safeguards against human error","volume":"50","author":"Lilienfeld","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691612460688","article-title":"Replications in psychology research: How often do they really occur?","volume":"7","author":"Makel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1080\/08957347.2019.1619561","article-title":"Critically reflecting on the origins, evolution, and impact of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model","volume":"32","author":"McGill","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Measurement in Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2018.10.007","article-title":"Cognitive profile analysis in school psychology: history, issues, and continued concerns","volume":"71","author":"McGill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327965pli0102_1","article-title":"Appraising and amending theories: The strategy of Lakatosian defense and two principles that warrant it","volume":"1","author":"Meehl","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychological Inquiry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0200","first-page":"4","article-title":"Four queries about factor reality","volume":"5","author":"Meehl","year":"1993","journal-title":"History and Philosophy of Psychology Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0205","series-title":"The National Academies Press","article-title":"Reproducibility and replicability in science","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2019"},{"issue":"6251","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0210","article-title":"Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science","volume":"349","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0215","series-title":"The logic of scientific discovery","author":"Popper","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0220","series-title":"R Foundation for Statistical Computing","article-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Development Core Team","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0225","series-title":"Psych: Procedures for psychological, psychometric, and personality research [computer software]","author":"Revelle","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intell.2017.02.005","article-title":"Multi-group and hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis of the Wechsler intelligence scale for children-fifth edition: What does it measure?","volume":"62","author":"Reynolds","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intelligence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02289209","article-title":"The development of hierarchical factor solutions","volume":"22","author":"Schmid","year":"1957","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0240","series-title":"Contemporary intellectual assessment: Theories, tests, and issues","first-page":"99","article-title":"The Cattell-Horn-Carroll model of intelligence","author":"Schneider","year":"2012"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1177\/08295735241263912","article-title":"Registered reports in school psychology research: Initial experiences, analyses, and future directions","volume":"39","author":"Shaw","year":"2024","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.2307\/1412107","article-title":"\"General intelligence,\" objectively determined and measured","volume":"15","author":"Spearman","year":"1904","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"53","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.02521","article-title":"EFAtools: An R package with fast and flexible implementations of exploratory factor analysis tools","volume":"5","author":"Steiner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Open Source Software"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0260","article-title":"Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis: Understanding concepts and applications","author":"Thompson","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Psychological Association."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1080\/08957347.2019.1619563","article-title":"Deconstructing CHC","volume":"32","author":"Wasserman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Applied Measurement in Education"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0270","series-title":"MacOrtho [computer software]","author":"Watkins","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0275","series-title":"A step-by-step guide to exploratory factor analysis with R and R Studio","author":"Watkins","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0280","series-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children\u2013Fifth Edition technical and interpretive manual","author":"Wechsler","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206397","article-title":"Exploring item and higher order factor structure with the Schmid-Leiman solution: Syntax codes for SPSS and SAS","volume":"37","author":"Wolff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"}],"container-title":["Journal of School Psychology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022440525000354?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022440525000354?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T11:03:33Z","timestamp":1760007813000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022440525000354"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":57,"alternative-id":["S0022440525000354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4405","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Contributing to the reproducibility crisis in Psychology: The role of statistical software choice on factor analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of School Psychology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsp.2025.101462","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Society for the Study of School Psychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101462"}}