{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T21:09:58Z","timestamp":1793912998736,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004242","name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PNURSP2022R2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2022R2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T01:15:43Z","timestamp":1648602943000},"page":"742-749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The use of dietary supplements for mental health among the Saudi population: A cross-sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Deemah","family":"Alateeq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha A.","family":"Alsubaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faridah A.","family":"Alsafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sultanah Hisham","family":"Alsulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2022-5955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghazwa B.","family":"Korayem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2016.1244624","article-title":"The effects of age and gender on the prevalence of insomnia in a sample of the Saudi population","volume":"22","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ethnicity Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3877","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17113877","article-title":"Barriers to mental health treatment in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey","volume":"17","author":"Alangari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.4103\/jnsm.jnsm_177_20","article-title":"Stress, sleep, and use of sleep aids among physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"4","author":"AlAteeq","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nat. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-017-0475-y","article-title":"Prevalence of dietary supplement use and associated factors among female college students in Saudi Arabia","volume":"17","author":"Alfawaz","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3147","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_511_19","article-title":"General public knowledge and use of dietary supplements in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","volume":"8","author":"Algaeed","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Family Med. Primary Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12991-017-0155-1","article-title":"An arabic translation, reliability, and validation of Patient Health Questionnaire in a Saudi sample","volume":"16","author":"AlHadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_430_18","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding dietary supplements in Saudi Arabia","volume":"8","author":"Alowais","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Family Med. Primary Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0040","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of mental disorders in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey","volume":"29","author":"Altwaijri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Methods Psychiatric Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0045","unstructured":"American Psychological Association, 2019. Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of depression across three age cohorts [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/www.apa.org\/depression-guideline (accessed 2.28.22)."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe81592","article-title":"Dietary Supplement Use, Knowledge, and Perceptions Among Student Pharmacists","volume":"81","author":"Axon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Pharmaceut. Educ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cptl.2017.06.007","article-title":"Motivational interviewing education: Creation and assessment of a learning module implemented among advanced pharmacy practice students","volume":"9","author":"Bailey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Pharmacy Teaching Learn."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.2299","article-title":"Why US Adults Use Dietary Supplements","volume":"173","author":"Bailey","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Int. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(00)00065-4","article-title":"Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research","volume":"2","author":"Bastien","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2005.00442.x","article-title":"Research of stimulants and anabolic steroids in dietary supplements","volume":"16","author":"Baume","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BinDhim, N.F., Althumiri, N.A., Basyouni, M.H., Alageel, A.A., Alghnam, S., Al-Qunaibet, A.M., Almubarak, R.A., Aldhukair, S., Ad-Dab\u2019bagh, Y., 2021. Saudi Arabia Mental Health Surveillance System (MHSS): mental health trends amid COVID-19 and comparison with pre-COVID-19 trends. Eur. J. Psychotraumatol. 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20008198.2021.1875642.","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2021.1875642"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2004.06.004","article-title":"Effects of exogenous melatonin on sleep: a meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Brzezinski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0085","article-title":"Knowledge attitude and practices about nutritional supplements of the students of applied medical sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia","volume":"4","author":"Chandika","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferracioli-Oda, E., Qawasmi, A., Bloch, M.H., 2013. Meta-Analysis: Melatonin for the Treatment of Primary Sleep Disorders. PLoS ONE 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0063773.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063773"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20672","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of nutrient supplements in the treatment of mental disorders: a meta-review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials","volume":"18","author":"Firth","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2014.06.017","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation to reduce depression in adults: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"31","author":"Gowda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-12-38","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and psychotic features in mentally ill adolescents: A cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Gracious","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-019-2406-y","article-title":"Development of the Lebanese insomnia scale (LIS-18): a new scale to assess insomnia in adult patients","volume":"19","author":"Hallit","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010054","article-title":"Dietary supplements during COVID-19 outbreak. results of google trends analysis supported by PLifeCOVID-19 online studies","volume":"13","author":"Hamulka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109651","article-title":"The effects of vitamin D supplementation on mental health, and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"94","author":"Jamilian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2005.11.004","article-title":"Herb and supplement use in the US adult population","volume":"27","author":"Kennedy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0130","unstructured":"Kingdom of Saudi Arabia General Authority of statistics, 2021. Statistics [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/www.stats.gov.sa\/en (accessed 6.8.21)."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","article-title":"The PHQ-9","volume":"16","author":"Kroenke","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Gen. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-7-2","article-title":"Nutritional therapies for mental disorders","volume":"7","author":"Lakhan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nutr. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31827d5fbd","article-title":"Effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on stress, mild psychiatric symptoms, and mood in nonclinical samples","volume":"75","author":"Long","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0150","unstructured":"Suruchi, Mishra, Bryan, Stierman, Jaime, Gahche, Nancy, Potischman, 2021. Dietary Supplement Use Among Adults: United States, 2017-2018. National Center for Health Statistics Data Brief 399."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-009-9235-2","article-title":"The use of herbal medications and dietary supplements by people with mental illness","volume":"46","author":"Niv","year":"2010","journal-title":"Community Ment. Health J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-019-3948-5","article-title":"The effect of co supplementation of omega-3 and vitamin D on cardio metabolic risk factors and psychological distress in reproductive-aged women with prediabetes and hypovitaminosis D: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"20","author":"Rajabi-Naeeni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-016-0241-8","article-title":"Novel insights into the effect of vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids on brain function","volume":"23","author":"Rathod","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2014.036","article-title":"Nutrients and herbal supplements for mental health","volume":"37","author":"Sarris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Australian Prescriber"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2007.58.6.816","article-title":"WHO\u2019s assessment instrument for mental health systems: collecting essential information for policy and service delivery","volume":"58","author":"Saxena","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychiatric Services"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6041501","article-title":"Vitamin D and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing studies with and without biological flaws","volume":"6","author":"Spedding","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201642951","article-title":"The economic costs of mental disorders","volume":"17","author":"Trautmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.11.1851","article-title":"Mental disorders and the use of alternative medicine: results from a national survey","volume":"157","author":"Un\u00fctzer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0200","unstructured":"U.S Food & Drug Administration, 2021. FDA News Release: FDA Warns 10 Companies for Illegally Selling Dietary Supplements Claiming to Treat Depression and Other Mental Health Disorders [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-warns-10-companies-illegally-selling-dietary-supplements-claiming-treat-depression-and-other (accessed 2.25.22)."},{"issue":"9904","key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61611-6","article-title":"Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"382","author":"Whiteford","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Lancet"}],"container-title":["Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1319016422000974?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1319016422000974?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T17:28:01Z","timestamp":1736184481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1319016422000974"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1319016422000974"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-0164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-0164","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The use of dietary supplements for mental health among the Saudi population: A cross-sectional survey","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.03.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}